To recap, Greg Magoon and others searched the publicly available 1000 Genomes data and found three samples that were I-L160. I-L160 is the largest subgroup of I-M26 which has been called "Sardinian". Two of the 1000 Genomes samples (from Puerto Rico)shared 34 SNPs not found in the third person (from Colombia). The 34 SNPs were given the names Z97 to Z130, you can see Greg's tree here (if he has a more recent version I don't know about it): http://www.box.com/shared/0qocc23yx2pfmikss6sh Family Tree DNA has made 14 of the 34 available for testing and several people in I-L160 have tested varying numbers of them. We have enough results to draw up the tree below which includes 11 Z-SNPs. The remaining 3 (Z115, Z126, Z127) might be equivalent to Z118 or to Z106, we are waiting for more results. (Eventually we might find out that some of these SNPs aren't really equivalent to each other and we will have to add more levels to the tree). If the tree is garbled in your email, try looking in the archives for this message: http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/index/Y-DNA-HAPLOGROUP-I/2011-11 L160-+---------------------------------------------------I2a1b* | +-Z118,Z119,Z125-+----------------------------------I2a1b1* | +-Z106,Z109,Z112,Z124-+------------I2ab1a* | +-Z110,Z117 Z128,Z129--I2a1b1a1 No FTDNA customers are in the I2a1b1a1 group, those SNPs were found in the two samples from the 1000 Genomes but in no one else so far. I2a1b1a* (Z106+ etc.) includes about 30-40% of I-L160 from Spain and a much smaller percent from England/Northern Europe. I2a1b1* (Z128+ etc. but Z106- etc.) contains only one person right now, his ancestors are from western Germany. I2a1b* (ancestral for everything below L160) is still the largest group in all of I-M26 I believe. Bernie Cullen I2a Project at FTDNA