Excuse me if this has already been answered, but is there some place in one of your trees or spreadsheets where the hotspot for each variety of I1-As is listed? If not, I think a lot of people would find this very helpful. "Indeed the hotspot for L338+ AS1 is NW Germany and Netherlands. Of course much got to the British Isles as well. L338+ AS8 has a slightly more easterly hotspot, perhaps Pomerania."