Sample 189 is upstream from L801 but downstream of Z161. Most likely it is L623+, but unfortunately L623 and L147 do not seem to be on the Chromo2 chip. There are whole sectors of M223 not represented by the anonymous samples I was given. But M24+ Roots and L801+ regions were well represented. Kenneth Nordtvedt Haplogroup I Clade Modalities and Trees at: http://knordtvedt.home.bresnan.net -----Original Message----- From: Wayne R. Roberts Sent: Saturday, February 01, 2014 6:59 PM To: y-dna-haplogroup-i Subject: Re: [yDNAhgI] Chromo2 Trees Kenneth, For M223, it appears all the samples (thus branches) are downstream of CTS616, CTS9183. Is that correct? Also of those downstream of CTS10057, CTS10100, all samples (branches) are Z161 and all of those are L801. Correct? So the implications are: no M223* samples upstream of CTS616, no L1228* samples, no L701*/L702* samples, no L623* samples and no Z161* samples upstream of L801/Z183. Also there are no M284 samples that are L1195-. I am unclear of the placement of sample 189. It appears to be parallel to the Z2054-Z2102 branch. I assume 189 is not a Roots 911 person as he would still be positive for some or all of Z2055 to Z2102 and negative for Z2054. Therefore 189 is a unique new branch and there are no samples that are L1229 and Z2054-. Wayne On Sun, Feb 2, 2014 at 10:06 AM, Kenneth Nordtvedt <[email protected]>wrote: > I have finished my first cut at putting all the anonymous haplogroup I raw > data files I obtained for Chromo2 results. > > They are in my website as powerpoint slides under names "Chromo2......" > with suffixes F597 L22 Z58 I1xZ58xL22 M223 and P37. > > Now F597 is an erroneous snp name which should be L597. But only those in > that division of haplogroup I will probably know the difference right now. > I'll get that corrected shortly. > > > > Kenneth Nordtvedt > > Haplogroup I Clade Modalities and Trees at: > http://knordtvedt.home.bresnan.net > > > ------------------------------- > To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to > [email protected] with the word 'unsubscribe' > without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message ------------------------------- To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to [email protected] with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message

I have finished my first cut at putting all the anonymous haplogroup I raw data files I obtained for Chromo2 results. They are in my website as powerpoint slides under names “Chromo2......” with suffixes F597 L22 Z58 I1xZ58xL22 M223 and P37. Now F597 is an erroneous snp name which should be L597. But only those in that division of haplogroup I will probably know the difference right now. I’ll get that corrected shortly. Kenneth Nordtvedt Haplogroup I Clade Modalities and Trees at: http://knordtvedt.home.bresnan.net

I have added a tree showing the snps for P37+ sector of haplogroup I and found from Chromo2 tests, “Chromo2P37”. I don’t expect it to be 100 percent clean of errors, this is time consuming, eye challenging stuff. Many of the S series snps showing phyloequivalent to M423 also have a CTS name and have been split in the last month by the 8000 year old bones found in Luxuemberg and Sweden, and which today probably represent an extinct branch of the haplogroup I tree. Kenneth Nordtvedt Haplogroup I Clade Modalities and Trees at: http://knordtvedt.home.bresnan.net

Thank-you Kenneth for all the very difficult work you have done on these trees for haplogroups I1 and I2. It is very much appreciated. On Fri, Jan 31, 2014 at 5:38 PM, Kenneth Nordtvedt <[email protected]>wrote: > Look very far upstream on the "Chromo2L22" tree. It seems Chromo2 found a > branch new extremely upstream DF29- branch with a ton of its own snps. > > I had to reverse what they called ancestral and derived for S2006 to make > heads and tails out of the data. > > I've made an inquiry to Britains DNA about this new branch to see if they > agree with what I've drawn. > > > > Kenneth Nordtvedt > > Haplogroup I Clade Modalities and Trees at: > http://knordtvedt.home.bresnan.net > > -----Original Message----- > From: Peterson, Phillip R. > Sent: Friday, January 31, 2014 12:17 AM > To: <[email protected]> > Subject: Re: [yDNAhgI] Chromo2 and L22+ > > Looks like you've been able to better resolve the placement of > CTS11651/Z2338 to downstream of L22 and upstream of Z74 and P109. It's > interesting that L300 is CTS11651-. Hopefully an L205/S239+ tests it as > well. > > > On Jan 30, 2014, at 7:58 PM, "Kenneth Nordtvedt" <[email protected] > > > > wrote: > > > > Look at new tree file "Chromo2L22" It shows P109 divided into 6 branches > > with new S series snps and some interesting divisions of old basic L22* > > > > "Chromo2M223work" is updated, especially for L801+ sector, and > > "Chromo2I1work" is updated and will be named "Chromo2Z58" next time I > > update it. > > > > > > Kenneth Nordtvedt > > > > Haplogroup I Clade Modalities and Trees at: > > http://knordtvedt.home.bresnan.net > > > > > > ------------------------------- > > To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to > > [email protected] with the word 'unsubscribe' > > without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message > > > ------------------------------- > To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to > [email protected] with the word 'unsubscribe' > without > the quotes in the subject and the body of the message > > > ------------------------------- > To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to > [email protected] with the word 'unsubscribe' > without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message >

It is inaccurate to assume that 5,000 years ago a third of the population in Spain wasn't already lactose tolerant based on the dna of eight individuals from the northern region. All of Spain, except for these poor eight individuals could have been dairy drinkers 5,000 years ago. Either assumption is equally inaccurate. It does however help pose a question, a hypothesis, but answering that question accurately would require a sample of the whole population, not just one small region. -----Original Message----- From: Matthew Simonds [mailto:[email protected]] Sent: Thursday, January 30, 2014 2:32 PM To: [email protected] Subject: Re: [yDNAhgI] Another Ancient DNA Study: A Milk Mystery... For thousands and thousands of years, adults couldn't digest dairy products without an upset stomach and a trip to the bathroom. And then one day, poof! A few changes in our DNA gave about a third of the world's population - mostly Europeans - the ability to knock back cheese, pizza and chocolate ice cream without a care in the world. But why? Why did this ability to digest lactose suddenly crop up in our European ancestors about 10,000 years ago? That's been a big mystery for scientists. To start filling in those blanks, Sverrisdóttir and her team analyzed the DNA of bones from 5,000-year-old farmers found in northern Spain. None of the eight individuals had the genetic mutation giving them the ability to digest milk as adults. In contrast, a third of the population in Spain today is lactose tolerant. So in the span of just a few thousand years, that ability spread rapidly throughout the country. http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/01/23/265224739/a-milk-mystery-did-gloomy-weather-make-us-love-the-stuff

I don't see any "mystery" here. The answer is selection pressure. Once humans domesticated cattle, goats, sheep, and horses, and began ingesting their milk, lactase persistence had a selective advantage. Even the slightest selective advantage will soon produce a shift in the genetic frequencies of an entire population. The ability to digest lactose was not one that "suddenly cropped up." All mammalian neonates can digest milk, but they lose that ability as they mature, usually just after weaning. As soon as there was a milk supply available to adult humans, selection pressure began to favor lactase persistence in adults. Lactase persistence is a phenotype with more than one genotype, that is, there's more than just one allele that will produce lactase persistence, making it a convergent trait in humans. The genetic mutations allowing lactase persistence have probably arisen repeatedly in human evolution, but were not "fixed" in the population because it gave no selective advantage to the bearer of the trait. By the way, even people who are lactose intolerant (e.g., moi) can get away with eating yoghurt (including frozen yoghurt), cheese, and butter if prepared a certain way, so lactase persistence is not necessary to benefit from living in a culture including dairy husbandry. What I cannot do is drink a glass of milk or eat Ben & Jerry's (waaaa). Where lactose intolerance is a real PITA is that "milk solids" and other milk products are ingredients in many prepared foods. I have to read package labeling carefully to avoid them. Diana P.S. Most adult cats are lactose intolerant, so please do not feed your cat milk. > -----Original Message----- > From: [email protected] [mailto:y-dna-haplogroup-i- > [email protected]] On Behalf Of Matthew Simonds > Sent: Thursday, January 30, 2014 2:32 PM > To: [email protected] > Subject: Re: [yDNAhgI] Another Ancient DNA Study: A Milk Mystery... > > > For > thousands and thousands of years, adults couldn't digest dairy products > without > an upset stomach and a trip to the bathroom. > > And then one day, poof! > > > > A few changes in our DNA gave about a third of the > world's population – mostly Europeans — the ability to knock back cheese, > pizza > and chocolate ice cream without a care in the world. > > > > But why? Why did this ability to digest lactose > suddenly crop up in our European ancestors about 10,000 years ago? That's been > a big mystery for scientists… > > > > To > start filling in those blanks, Sverrisdóttir and her team analyzed the DNA of > bones from 5,000-year-old farmers found in northern Spain. None of the eight > individuals had the genetic mutation giving them the ability to digest milk as > adults. > > > > In contrast, a third of the population in Spain today > is lactose tolerant. So in the span of just a few thousand years, that ability > spread rapidly throughout the country. > > > > > > http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/01/23/265224739/a-milk-mystery-did- > gloomy-weather-make-us-love-the-stuff > > ------------------------------- > To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to Y-DNA-HAPLOGROUP-I- > [email protected] with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the > subject and the body of the message

In November I reported on a CTS5966+ ("Dinaric") man with Polish paternal ancestry who is P61+ and he should be added to the list below. He has no STRs. Bernie On Tue, Jan 21, 2014 at 3:18 PM, Bernie Cullen <[email protected]>wrote: > I have compared 22 Geno 2.0 raw data files from people in "Dinaric" (which > has been called various names over the years, currently I2a2 at FTDNA, also > has been called I-P37.2xM26, I-M423, I-L621, I-L69, I-L147 and now and most > accurately, I-CTS5966). Whatever you call it, this is the branch of I-P37.2 > that is very common in Eastern and Central Europe. > > I have found 6 of the 22 people who each have a single unique SNP result > not shared with any of the others. The two new SNP discoveries are on top: > PF4309+ found in one man with Austrian paternal ancestry, no STRs for him > yet > PF879+ found in one man with Montenegrin paternal ancestry > CTS5780+ found in one man with Ukrainian paternal ancestry > PF3915+ found in one man with Jewish paternal ancestry from Belarus. > unfortunately this seems to be a Geno 2.0 error or at least not useful. > Several people with matching markers have tested this SNP at FTDNA, > including a very close relative, and they have all been PF3915-. > CTS8429+ found in one man with Greek paternal ancestry. This SNP is > available at FTDNA but no one has tested it, the first person to test it at > FTDNA should probably be the guy who did the Geno 2.0 test. > PF3618- found in one man with Czech paternal ancestry. The rest of > haplogroup I is PF3618+. Someone explained to me earlier that maybe this > PF3618- result isn't very interesting. > > You can see all these results and the kit numbers, surnames, countries of > origin here: > > http://www.familytreedna.com/public/I2aHapGroup,I2aHapGroup/default.aspx?section=ysnp > > Bernie >

So you can not relate it to your own database!?! Why do we do the most when we can do the least! ?! Mvh/Regards Nicolas Taban -------- Original message -------- From: Kenneth Nordtvedt <[email protected]> Date:31/01/2014 07:27 (GMT+01:00) To: [email protected] Subject: Re: [yDNAhgI] Chromo2 and L22+ They are all anonymous and Britains DNA says many of them probably don't have a STR haplotype. Too bad! Kenneth Nordtvedt Haplogroup I Clade Modalities and Trees at: http://knordtvedt.home.bresnan.net -----Original Message----- From: nicolas.taban Sent: Thursday, January 30, 2014 10:48 PM To: [email protected] Subject: Re: [yDNAhgI] Chromo2 and L22+ Interesting Ken! Who are the at least 6 people (but it seems more from 158 to 170) who did thr Chromo2. I d like to relate them with their haplotype in the P109 project. Mvh/Regards Nicolas Taban -------- Original message -------- From: Kenneth Nordtvedt <[email protected]> Date:31/01/2014 01:59 (GMT+01:00) To: [email protected] Subject: [yDNAhgI] Chromo2 and L22+ Look at new tree file “Chromo2L22” It shows P109 divided into 6 branches with new S series snps and some interesting divisions of old basic L22* “Chromo2M223work” is updated, especially for L801+ sector, and “Chromo2I1work” is updated and will be named “Chromo2Z58” next time I update it. Kenneth Nordtvedt Haplogroup I Clade Modalities and Trees at: http://knordtvedt.home.bresnan.net ------------------------------- To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to [email protected] with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message ------------------------------- To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to [email protected] with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message ------------------------------- To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to [email protected] with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message

Looks like you've been able to better resolve the placement of CTS11651/Z2338 to downstream of L22 and upstream of Z74 and P109. It's interesting that L300 is CTS11651-. Hopefully an L205/S239+ tests it as well. > On Jan 30, 2014, at 7:58 PM, "Kenneth Nordtvedt" <[email protected]> wrote: > > Look at new tree file “Chromo2L22” It shows P109 divided into 6 branches with new S series snps and some interesting divisions of old basic L22* > > “Chromo2M223work” is updated, especially for L801+ sector, and “Chromo2I1work” is updated and will be named “Chromo2Z58” next time I update it. > > > Kenneth Nordtvedt > > Haplogroup I Clade Modalities and Trees at: > http://knordtvedt.home.bresnan.net > > > ------------------------------- > To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to [email protected] with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message

Interesting Ken! Who are the at least 6 people (but it seems more from 158 to 170) who did thr Chromo2. I d like to relate them with their haplotype in the P109 project. Mvh/Regards Nicolas Taban -------- Original message -------- From: Kenneth Nordtvedt <[email protected]> Date:31/01/2014 01:59 (GMT+01:00) To: [email protected] Subject: [yDNAhgI] Chromo2 and L22+ Look at new tree file “Chromo2L22” It shows P109 divided into 6 branches with new S series snps and some interesting divisions of old basic L22* “Chromo2M223work” is updated, especially for L801+ sector, and “Chromo2I1work” is updated and will be named “Chromo2Z58” next time I update it. Kenneth Nordtvedt Haplogroup I Clade Modalities and Trees at: http://knordtvedt.home.bresnan.net ------------------------------- To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to [email protected] with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message

If they find these new P109 SNPs in the Big Y, are they likely to use the same S series SNP designations or create new ones? And why does Britains DNA use their own S series designations for SNPs such as L22 and P109 which I assume that they did not discover? I thought that the discoverer of a new SNP had naming rights. Matthew Simonds > From: [email protected] > To: [email protected] > Date: Thu, 30 Jan 2014 17:55:29 -0700 > Subject: [yDNAhgI] Chromo2 and L22+ > > Look at new tree file “Chromo2L22” It shows P109 divided into 6 branches with new S series snps and some interesting divisions of old basic L22* > > “Chromo2M223work” is updated, especially for L801+ sector, and “Chromo2I1work” is updated and will be named “Chromo2Z58” next time I update it. > > > Kenneth Nordtvedt > > Haplogroup I Clade Modalities and Trees at: > http://knordtvedt.home.bresnan.net > > > ------------------------------- > To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to [email protected] with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message

Look very far upstream on the "Chromo2L22" tree. It seems Chromo2 found a branch new extremely upstream DF29- branch with a ton of its own snps. I had to reverse what they called ancestral and derived for S2006 to make heads and tails out of the data. I've made an inquiry to Britains DNA about this new branch to see if they agree with what I've drawn. Kenneth Nordtvedt Haplogroup I Clade Modalities and Trees at: http://knordtvedt.home.bresnan.net -----Original Message----- From: Peterson, Phillip R. Sent: Friday, January 31, 2014 12:17 AM To: <[email protected]> Subject: Re: [yDNAhgI] Chromo2 and L22+ Looks like you've been able to better resolve the placement of CTS11651/Z2338 to downstream of L22 and upstream of Z74 and P109. It's interesting that L300 is CTS11651-. Hopefully an L205/S239+ tests it as well. > On Jan 30, 2014, at 7:58 PM, "Kenneth Nordtvedt" <[email protected]> > wrote: > > Look at new tree file “Chromo2L22” It shows P109 divided into 6 branches > with new S series snps and some interesting divisions of old basic L22* > > “Chromo2M223work” is updated, especially for L801+ sector, and > “Chromo2I1work” is updated and will be named “Chromo2Z58” next time I > update it. > > > Kenneth Nordtvedt > > Haplogroup I Clade Modalities and Trees at: > http://knordtvedt.home.bresnan.net > > > ------------------------------- > To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to > [email protected] with the word 'unsubscribe' > without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message ------------------------------- To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to [email protected] with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message

I can relate much of my Chromo2 based tree with my full STR/SNP tree --- but not all yet at the downstream extreme. Kenneth Nordtvedt Haplogroup I Clade Modalities and Trees at: http://knordtvedt.home.bresnan.net -----Original Message----- From: nicolas.taban Sent: Thursday, January 30, 2014 11:53 PM To: [email protected] Subject: Re: [yDNAhgI] Chromo2 and L22+ So you can not relate it to your own database!?! Why do we do the most when we can do the least! ?! Mvh/Regards Nicolas Taban -------- Original message -------- From: Kenneth Nordtvedt <[email protected]> Date:31/01/2014 07:27 (GMT+01:00) To: [email protected] Subject: Re: [yDNAhgI] Chromo2 and L22+ They are all anonymous and Britains DNA says many of them probably don't have a STR haplotype. Too bad! Kenneth Nordtvedt Haplogroup I Clade Modalities and Trees at: http://knordtvedt.home.bresnan.net -----Original Message----- From: nicolas.taban Sent: Thursday, January 30, 2014 10:48 PM To: [email protected] Subject: Re: [yDNAhgI] Chromo2 and L22+ Interesting Ken! Who are the at least 6 people (but it seems more from 158 to 170) who did thr Chromo2. I d like to relate them with their haplotype in the P109 project. Mvh/Regards Nicolas Taban -------- Original message -------- From: Kenneth Nordtvedt <[email protected]> Date:31/01/2014 01:59 (GMT+01:00) To: [email protected] Subject: [yDNAhgI] Chromo2 and L22+ Look at new tree file “Chromo2L22” It shows P109 divided into 6 branches with new S series snps and some interesting divisions of old basic L22* “Chromo2M223work” is updated, especially for L801+ sector, and “Chromo2I1work” is updated and will be named “Chromo2Z58” next time I update it. Kenneth Nordtvedt Haplogroup I Clade Modalities and Trees at: http://knordtvedt.home.bresnan.net ------------------------------- To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to [email protected] with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message ------------------------------- To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to [email protected] with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message ------------------------------- To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to [email protected] with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message ------------------------------- To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to [email protected] with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message

They are all anonymous and Britains DNA says many of them probably don't have a STR haplotype. Too bad! Kenneth Nordtvedt Haplogroup I Clade Modalities and Trees at: http://knordtvedt.home.bresnan.net -----Original Message----- From: nicolas.taban Sent: Thursday, January 30, 2014 10:48 PM To: [email protected] Subject: Re: [yDNAhgI] Chromo2 and L22+ Interesting Ken! Who are the at least 6 people (but it seems more from 158 to 170) who did thr Chromo2. I d like to relate them with their haplotype in the P109 project. Mvh/Regards Nicolas Taban -------- Original message -------- From: Kenneth Nordtvedt <[email protected]> Date:31/01/2014 01:59 (GMT+01:00) To: [email protected] Subject: [yDNAhgI] Chromo2 and L22+ Look at new tree file “Chromo2L22” It shows P109 divided into 6 branches with new S series snps and some interesting divisions of old basic L22* “Chromo2M223work” is updated, especially for L801+ sector, and “Chromo2I1work” is updated and will be named “Chromo2Z58” next time I update it. Kenneth Nordtvedt Haplogroup I Clade Modalities and Trees at: http://knordtvedt.home.bresnan.net ------------------------------- To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to [email protected] with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message ------------------------------- To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to [email protected] with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message

Do we have locations on the new S SNP as they do not show in the browser? Are any of them a new name for F1583, or CTS9875, or L1438, or L1439, or CTS11525, or PF3247? Brittens DNA said they would publish location information on their SNP. Has anyone seen that yet? Allen ----- Original Message ----- From: "Kenneth Nordtvedt" <[email protected]> To: <[email protected]> Sent: Thursday, January 30, 2014 4:55 PM Subject: [yDNAhgI] Chromo2 and L22+ > Look at new tree file “Chromo2L22” It shows P109 divided into 6 branches > with new S series snps and some interesting divisions of old basic L22* > > “Chromo2M223work” is updated, especially for L801+ sector, and > “Chromo2I1work” is updated and will be named “Chromo2Z58” next time I > update it. > > > Kenneth Nordtvedt > > Haplogroup I Clade Modalities and Trees at: > http://knordtvedt.home.bresnan.net > > > ------------------------------- > To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to > [email protected] with the word 'unsubscribe' > without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message

Here's a link to the study in Molecular Biology and Evolution: http://mbe.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2014/01/20/molbev.msu049 > From: [email protected] > To: [email protected] > Date: Thu, 30 Jan 2014 13:06:15 -0700 > Subject: Re: [yDNAhgI] Another Ancient DNA Study: A Milk Mystery... > > Because dairy farming was a productive human enterprise if population had > the mutation. > > > > Kenneth Nordtvedt > > Haplogroup I Clade Modalities and Trees at: > http://knordtvedt.home.bresnan.net > > -----Original Message----- > From: Matthew Simonds > Sent: Thursday, January 30, 2014 12:31 PM > To: [email protected] > Subject: Re: [yDNAhgI] Another Ancient DNA Study: A Milk Mystery... > > > For > thousands and thousands of years, adults couldn't digest dairy products > without > an upset stomach and a trip to the bathroom. > > And then one day, poof! > > > > A few changes in our DNA gave about a third of the > world's population – mostly Europeans — the ability to knock back cheese, > pizza > and chocolate ice cream without a care in the world. > > > > But why? Why did this ability to digest lactose > suddenly crop up in our European ancestors about 10,000 years ago? That's > been > a big mystery for scientists… > > > > To > start filling in those blanks, Sverrisdóttir and her team analyzed the DNA > of > bones from 5,000-year-old farmers found in northern Spain. None of the eight > individuals had the genetic mutation giving them the ability to digest milk > as > adults. > > > > In contrast, a third of the population in Spain today > is lactose tolerant. So in the span of just a few thousand years, that > ability > spread rapidly throughout the country. > > > > > > http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/01/23/265224739/a-milk-mystery-did-gloomy-weather-make-us-love-the-stuff > > ------------------------------- > To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to > [email protected] with the word 'unsubscribe' without > the quotes in the subject and the body of the message > > > ------------------------------- > To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to [email protected] with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message

For thousands and thousands of years, adults couldn't digest dairy products without an upset stomach and a trip to the bathroom. And then one day, poof! A few changes in our DNA gave about a third of the world's population – mostly Europeans — the ability to knock back cheese, pizza and chocolate ice cream without a care in the world. But why? Why did this ability to digest lactose suddenly crop up in our European ancestors about 10,000 years ago? That's been a big mystery for scientists… To start filling in those blanks, Sverrisdóttir and her team analyzed the DNA of bones from 5,000-year-old farmers found in northern Spain. None of the eight individuals had the genetic mutation giving them the ability to digest milk as adults. In contrast, a third of the population in Spain today is lactose tolerant. So in the span of just a few thousand years, that ability spread rapidly throughout the country. http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/01/23/265224739/a-milk-mystery-did-gloomy-weather-make-us-love-the-stuff

Look at new tree file “Chromo2L22” It shows P109 divided into 6 branches with new S series snps and some interesting divisions of old basic L22* “Chromo2M223work” is updated, especially for L801+ sector, and “Chromo2I1work” is updated and will be named “Chromo2Z58” next time I update it. Kenneth Nordtvedt Haplogroup I Clade Modalities and Trees at: http://knordtvedt.home.bresnan.net

Because dairy farming was a productive human enterprise if population had the mutation. Kenneth Nordtvedt Haplogroup I Clade Modalities and Trees at: http://knordtvedt.home.bresnan.net -----Original Message----- From: Matthew Simonds Sent: Thursday, January 30, 2014 12:31 PM To: [email protected] Subject: Re: [yDNAhgI] Another Ancient DNA Study: A Milk Mystery... For thousands and thousands of years, adults couldn't digest dairy products without an upset stomach and a trip to the bathroom. And then one day, poof! A few changes in our DNA gave about a third of the world's population – mostly Europeans — the ability to knock back cheese, pizza and chocolate ice cream without a care in the world. But why? Why did this ability to digest lactose suddenly crop up in our European ancestors about 10,000 years ago? That's been a big mystery for scientists… To start filling in those blanks, Sverrisdóttir and her team analyzed the DNA of bones from 5,000-year-old farmers found in northern Spain. None of the eight individuals had the genetic mutation giving them the ability to digest milk as adults. In contrast, a third of the population in Spain today is lactose tolerant. So in the span of just a few thousand years, that ability spread rapidly throughout the country. http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/01/23/265224739/a-milk-mystery-did-gloomy-weather-make-us-love-the-stuff ------------------------------- To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to [email protected] with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message

http://www.washington.edu/news/2014/01/29/neanderthal-lineages-excavated-from-modern-human-genomes/ Lindsey