Hi Linda, I am a descentant of Memucan Walker and Rachel Lewis through their son Hezekiah. Some questions about your info (I don't have my info in front of me, but as I remember . .) >> ........ 3 [1] Memucan Walker b: September 22, 1764 in Lunenberg Co. or Greenbrier Co. WV d: May 02, 1836 in Greenbrier Co. WV>> Memucan states in his Rev War pension application that he was born in Lunenberg. >> .............. 4 [4] Joel Walker b: 1809 in Greenbrier Co. (W)VA d: > .............. 4 Jane Walker b: May 22, 1810 > .............. 4 Hezekiah Walker b: 1813 > .............. 4 John B. Walker b: 1816 >> I list these people having Rachel Lewis as a mother. I notice you have the same names also listed under Memucan and Rachel. Any reason for this? > ............ +Rachel Lewis b: Abt. 1781 d: July 1859 in Greenbrier Co. WV Father: Hezekiah LEWIS Mother: Diana OLDNER > .............. 4 Marion Walker > .............. 4 [2] Mary W. Walker > .............. 4 James A. Walker b: Abt. 1818 > .............. 4 James M. Walker b: Abt. 1837 > .............. 4 Martha Walker b: Abt. 1839 > .................. +Ballengee > .............. 4 Benjamin F. Walker b: May 06, 1843 d: December 11, > .............. 4 Virginia Catherine Walker b: Abt. 1845 > .............. 4 William Washington Walker b: October 10, 1847 > .............. 4 Smith W. Walker b: Abt. 1849 > .............. 4 Sylvanes L. Walker b: 1853 d: 1941 > .............. 4 Joel McPherson Walker b: Abt. 1855 in Greenbrier > .............. 4 [3] Lewis M. Walker b: 1861 > .............. 4 John S.Walker b: June 20, 1863 I'm confused by all these children for Memucan and Rachel. Am I reading the message incorrectly, since Memucan died in 1836. > .............. 4 Hezekiah Walker b: May 19, 1835 d: 1890 > .................. +Nancy Spencer in Greenbrier I have the dates on Hezekiah as 1813-1881. He had a second marriage and family in Roane Co WV. What is you line to Memucan? I would be interested in exchanging info. Do you have anything on Hezekiah Lewis and Diana? Carol

Hello. Is there anyone out there with the Greenbrier Heritage Book that could check and see if a Memucan Walker if mentioned? He was an early Greenbrier school teacher, maybe about 1794 and was apparently a Revolutionary War soldier. His father and grandfather are not proven. This is what I have. He was my 3th great grandfather. Thanks. Linda Steorts Kaufman Descendants of Tandy Walker 1 Tandy Walker . +Judith ... 2 Sylvanus Walker b: Abt. 1740 ........ 3 [1] Memucan Walker b: September 22, 1764 in Lunenberg Co. or Greenbrier Co. WV d: May 02, 1836 in Greenbrier Co. WV .............. 4 [4] Joel Walker b: 1809 in Greenbrier Co. (W)VA d: Abt. 1889 in Braxton Co., WV .................. +[5] Mary Lucinda Fuel d: in Braxton Co. Father: James FUEL Mother: Katy MCCABO .............. 4 Jane Walker b: May 22, 1810 .............. 4 Hezekiah Walker b: 1813 .............. 4 John B. Walker b: 1816 ............ +Molly Dorman .............. 4 Son Walker ........ *2nd Wife of [1] Memucan Walker: ............ +Rachel Lewis b: Abt. 1781 d: July 1859 in Greenbrier Co. WV Father: Hezekiah LEWIS Mother: Diana OLDNER .............. 4 Marion Walker .............. 4 [2] Mary W. Walker .................. +Willie Brock .............. *2nd Husband of [2] Mary W. Walker: .................. +Duffield .............. 4 Jane Walker b: May 02, 1810 in Greenbrier Co. WV d: June 21, 1862 in Greenbrier Co. WV .................. +John Hix/Hicks .............. 4 John B. Walker b: 1816 .................. +Mary Ann Taylor .............. 4 James A. Walker b: Abt. 1818 .................. +Mary A. Taylor b: Abt. 1833 .............. 4 Hezekiah Walker b: May 19, 1835 d: 1890 .................. +Nancy Spencer .............. 4 James M. Walker b: Abt. 1837 .............. 4 Martha Walker b: Abt. 1839 .................. +Ballengee .............. 4 Benjamin F. Walker b: May 06, 1843 d: December 11, 1894 in Keeners Ridge, Nicholas Co. WV .................. +Francis Matheny b: April 12, 1850 d: January 02, 1892 in Keeners Ridge, Nicholas Co. WV Father: Daniel MATHENY Mother: Mary FUEL .............. 4 Virginia Catherine Walker b: Abt. 1845 .................. +E. E. Richmond .............. 4 William Washington Walker b: October 10, 1847 in Greenbrier Co., WV d: September 25, 1928 in Strange Creek,. WV .................. +Ruhama Jane Mollohan b: July 17, 1853 in Braxton Co. d: December 1920 in Braxton Co. Father: Anson MOLLOHAN Mother: Anna Crawford RIFFLE .............. 4 Smith W. Walker b: Abt. 1849 .............. 4 Sylvanes L. Walker b: 1853 d: 1941 .................. +Rebecca Boggs .............. 4 Joel McPherson Walker b: Abt. 1855 in Greenbrier Co. .................. +Rosanna Boggs b: Abt. 1860 Father: Elihu BOGGS .............. 4 [3] Lewis M. Walker b: 1861 .................. +Krant .............. *2nd Wife of [3] Lewis M. Walker: .................. +Minnie McAvoy .............. 4 John S.Walker b: June 20, 1863 .......... [email protected] wrote: > Hello Charlette and Listers, > I checked the Greenbrier Co. VA. Family Heritage 1997. There are three pages > wih Houck family info in them. I only have p. 169. perhaps some of the other > Greenbrier Researchers with the book, might be able to look at the other two > pages for you, to see if any of it, might have any reference to your people. > P. 169, gives information about Malvern Terrell and family, which includes > Helen Frances Terrell who was b. in 1921. The family moved to Ronceverte, WV > in 1917 to oversee the construction of a steam plant owned by Virginia > Western Power Co. There is more about Mr. Terrell, and his wife Dorcas > Eleanor Nora Edwards if anyone wants it. > Helen Terrell married Marvin Russell Houck in 1930. He is referred to as Dr. > Houck, who maintained a medical practice in the rural Cabin Creek area of > Kanawha Co. and commuted to his home in Lewisburg on week-ends. He d. in > 1984, at the age of 74. Helen was an artist and homemaker, and died at home > ten years after her husband. > Other names mentioned in the article are, Bivens, Bulia, Soule, Henry, > Estill, Schmidt. Malvern Terrell was from Old Fort N.C. Dorcus and Malvern > remained in Ronceverte until the power Co. closed in 1951. Then they moved to > her home in Mars Hill, N.C. where they lived until their deaths, his in 1961, > and hers in 1979. > If anyone wants more of the article, let me know. No Ashby in this book. > > Joyce in CA. > <A HREF="http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/Acres/3231/">Our Extended Family > </A> > > In a message dated 5/28/99 10:34:35 AM !!!First Boot!!!, > [email protected] writes: > > << Hi there, > Wonder if you have anything on my double brick wall? Benjamin Preston > Hawk/Houck married Mary Ethel (Dolly) Ashby in Greenbrier Co. in 1810. > Trying to find information on either family. Thanks for your time. > Charlotte > >> > > ==== WVGREENB Mailing List ==== > Visit the Greenbrier County, USGenWeb > Home Page! <http://www.rootsweb.com/~wvgreenb/>

I have often heard that the Kincaid family operated a large hotel in Greenbrier County in the 18th and 19th centuries. The Kincaids owned tracts of land near Neola on Anthony's Creek (would this be called Rader's Valley?) and also a few miles west of Lewisburg. The main portion of the Neola property possibly became Fleshman property through inheritance and marriage. The hotel was said to have a fireplace so big that several men could stand up in it. It has been compared to today's Greenbrier resort hotel (having seen the Greenbrier, I imagine that might be a bit of an exaggeration!). I have not been able to find any records, other than these interesting stories. I would like to know where it was, what the hotel was called, how many rooms, what was the ultimate fate of the building, and so on. Any help appreciated.... Bill Kincaid === Visit my webpages at http://members.tripod.com/lifeoncanvas/ _________________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Get your free @yahoo.com address at http://mail.yahoo.com

I am looking for a copy of the 1/13/1858 will of PHEBE (Kincaid) FLESHMAN, or a transcription. The Greenbrier County Will Book indicates that the will apparently names her sons, AC Kincaid and William R Kincaid; daughters Margaret S. McCallister (who married Archibald McCallister 11/5/1835), Francis J. Gillilan (married Michael B Gillilian 5/14/1840) and Agnes L. Loury; and a grandaughter Phebe S Dean. Would anyone know where to look for a copy or a transcription of this Greenbrier Will? Any help appreciated. William H. Kincaid "Consider becoming a member of the Greenbrier Historical Society, and support the preservation of Greenbrier's history." === Visit my webpages at http://members.tripod.com/lifeoncanvas/ _________________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Get your free @yahoo.com address at http://mail.yahoo.com

I believe that the surname of Shanklin, is one that I have seen around the list before. Perhaps someone will be interested in this name. This is from the "Apprentices of VA" by Harold B. Gill, Jr. Robert Shanklin was Master for Catherine Cinsley Begin date: 1758 Occupation: unspecified Ending date: unspecified Father of Catherine: Conrad Cinsley Race White Sex: Female Augusta Co. VA. Source: Augusta Parish Vestry Book 1746-1752

Hi Sarah, Sorry, no Sees or Zees. Try again. :-) Joyce in Ca. <A HREF="http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/Acres/3231/">Our Extended Family </A> In a message dated 5/28/99 1:29:08 AM !!!First Boot!!!, [email protected] writes: << Joyce, Are there any Sees?? Sara Patton >>

Hello Charlette and Listers, I checked the Greenbrier Co. VA. Family Heritage 1997. There are three pages wih Houck family info in them. I only have p. 169. perhaps some of the other Greenbrier Researchers with the book, might be able to look at the other two pages for you, to see if any of it, might have any reference to your people. P. 169, gives information about Malvern Terrell and family, which includes Helen Frances Terrell who was b. in 1921. The family moved to Ronceverte, WV in 1917 to oversee the construction of a steam plant owned by Virginia Western Power Co. There is more about Mr. Terrell, and his wife Dorcas Eleanor Nora Edwards if anyone wants it. Helen Terrell married Marvin Russell Houck in 1930. He is referred to as Dr. Houck, who maintained a medical practice in the rural Cabin Creek area of Kanawha Co. and commuted to his home in Lewisburg on week-ends. He d. in 1984, at the age of 74. Helen was an artist and homemaker, and died at home ten years after her husband. Other names mentioned in the article are, Bivens, Bulia, Soule, Henry, Estill, Schmidt. Malvern Terrell was from Old Fort N.C. Dorcus and Malvern remained in Ronceverte until the power Co. closed in 1951. Then they moved to her home in Mars Hill, N.C. where they lived until their deaths, his in 1961, and hers in 1979. If anyone wants more of the article, let me know. No Ashby in this book. Joyce in CA. <A HREF="http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/Acres/3231/">Our Extended Family </A> In a message dated 5/28/99 10:34:35 AM !!!First Boot!!!, [email protected] writes: << Hi there, Wonder if you have anything on my double brick wall? Benjamin Preston Hawk/Houck married Mary Ethel (Dolly) Ashby in Greenbrier Co. in 1810. Trying to find information on either family. Thanks for your time. Charlotte >>

Hello Shaunta, How are you? There are no Knibbs. Put found a couple Penningtons. Isaac Pennington was a Master for George Emery Beg. date 1747 ending date unspecified Sex: male race: white Occupation: Blacksmith Frederick Co. VA Source: Frederick Co. Orders 2, 1745-1748, 368 John George Pennington was a Master for Amos Flood beg. date: 1765 ending date unspecified sex : Male Race: White Occupation: unspecified Mother: Anne Flood Source: Mecklenburg Co. Orders 1, 1765-1768 Hope this helps. :-) Joyce in Ca. <A HREF="http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/Acres/3231/">Our Extended Family </A> In a message dated 5/28/99 3:27:27 PM !!!First Boot!!!, [email protected] writes: << Thanks for doing lookups. Are there any people with the last name of Pennington or Knibb? --shaunta >>

Yes, I would like info on that Andrew MCCAULEY. Thanks, Hal [email protected] wrote: > Hello Hal, > Think I have a couple other messages from you, waiting for me to get back to > them. In the meantime, will answer this message. :-) > There is no Daniel McCauley. There is an Andrew McCaulay, if you might be > interested in that info. Let me know. > > No Sees, or Zehs...sorry. > Happy hunting, > Joyce in CA. > <A HREF="http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/Acres/3231/">Our Extended Family > </A> > > In a message dated 5/27/99 2:07:29 AM !!!First Boot!!!, > [email protected] writes: > > << Would you look for: > > Daniel McCAULEY, and > > George SEE/ZEH > Thanks much, > Hal McCawley in San Francisco > >> > > ==== WVGREENB Mailing List ==== > Join and support RootsWeb, home of the WVGREENB-L list and many > other genealogy lists and resources - go to > <http://www.rootsweb.com/>

Hi Joyce and List, Here is my contribution to the discussion. The Statutes at Large of Virginia from October Session 1792 to Dec Session 1806 inclusive in Three Volumes, (New Series), Samuel Shepherd, AMS Press, Inc, NY, page 105: Every Orphan who hath no estate, or not sufficient for a maintenance out of the profits, shall by order of the court of the county or corporation in which he or she resides, be bound apprentice by the overseers of the poor, until the age of twenty-one years, if a boy, or of eighteen years, if a girl, to some master or mistress, who shall covenant to teach the apprentice some art, trade or business, to be particularized in the indenture, as also reading and writing, and if a boy, common arithmetic, including the rule of three, and to pay him or her twelve dollars at the expiration of the time; and the indentures of such apprentices shall be filed in the office of the clerk of the county, and not transferable to any person whatsoever, without the approbation of the court. My Greenbrier ancestor John Castile/Casteel: April 25, 1787 Court, Ordered that John Castile be Bound to Jacob Riffe according to Law. John Castile/Casteel was b 1778 Greenbrier, bound to Jacob Riffe 1787, and appears 1799 Greenbrier Tax List (age 21) 1 tithable, no horse. So he must have spent his $12 on something else :-). He next appears in Madison Co KY 1804 where he married Elenor Metcalf. I have a message somewhere from a Riffle searcher that says the surname Riffle and Riffe are two different names. Hope this helps, Leoneita

Hi Joan, The first problem that you have with finding Greenbrier Co. is that it is now considered part of West Virginia. It was VA, until about 1865. So try the West Virginia maps. :-) I checked a book called: Greenbrier Co. WVA, Family Heritage 1997, for your Wilson Family. There are lots of pages which have Wilson information in this book, but I do not have copies of all of the pages. I show a John Wilson who married Barbara Tuckwiler. Barbara was b. 1790. She was the daughter of John Tuckwiler [b. 1752 d. 1832], and his wife, Catherine Riffe. Catherine is the daughter of Jacob and Catherine Riffe. Someone has previously checked with me as to whether Jacob Riffe, might be Jacob Riffle.....I think it is Riffe Family that I have been keeping my eye out for. Wonder if this could be the right one. There is more information about the family of Catherine Riffe Tuckwiler and John Tuckwiler on p. 172, if anyone needs for me to take another look for more information about them. I really doubt that the John Wilson mentioned above is your John, however, since you say that he married a Susan. I do not see any Robert Wilsons in the pages that I have copies of. Perhaps one of the Greenbrier Co. List researchers can help with your query. [See below] I do see a Richard Wilson listed on p. 185 of the same book, if anyone is interested in this line. Richard and Mary Rodgers had a son John, who is the John, mentioned on p. 172 of this book. He married Barbara Tuckwiler. pg 185 mentions that seven generations of this family which lived in the Fort Spring area of Greenbrier Co. More than likely your Wilsons are part of them. Hopefully the Greenbrier List can help. In a message dated 5/25/99 6:16:19 PM !!!First Boot!!!, [email protected] writes: << Hi, My gr grandfather was born in Greenbrier County, VA, April 04, 1824, Robert C. Wilson. Father was John. Mother was Susan. No other info. Do you have anything on these Wilson's? Can you please tell me where Greenbrier County, VA is? I cannot find any listing of that County. Thanks. Joan >>

Hi Carolyn, Thanks for your consideration. :-) Will give you what ever else I see for these Andersons, as you are requesting. I will just fill in the rest of the info, with what I sent in the last message. John Anderson (age 2) [note that I changed the age. The book lists him as 2years old.] Father: William Anderson Occupation: Weaver starting date: 3/30/1781 ending date is unspecified Master: Joseph Keller Race: White Sex: Male Shenandoah Co. Source: Shenandoah Co. Orders 1781-1784, p. 15 William Anderson Mother: Barbara Anderson Master: John Preston Sex: Male Race: White beginning date: 06/17/1747 ending date is unspecified Augusta Co. VA Source: Augusta Parish Vestry Book 1746-1780 pg. 35 >> If you are interested in John Andersons, wonder if one in Loudoun Co., or Frederick Co. VA, would be of interest. Course that would be where the Masters lived, most likely. Hope this helps. Happy Hunting. Nice to hear from you again. Hope this helps the list also. :-) Joyce in CA <A HREF="http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/Acres/3231/">Our Extended Family </A>

Hello Hal, Think I have a couple other messages from you, waiting for me to get back to them. In the meantime, will answer this message. :-) There is no Daniel McCauley. There is an Andrew McCaulay, if you might be interested in that info. Let me know. No Sees, or Zehs...sorry. Happy hunting, Joyce in CA. <A HREF="http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/Acres/3231/">Our Extended Family </A> In a message dated 5/27/99 2:07:29 AM !!!First Boot!!!, [email protected] writes: << Would you look for: Daniel McCAULEY, and George SEE/ZEH Thanks much, Hal McCawley in San Francisco >>

Hi Linda, Sorry, no Sutton, Critton, Shaffer, Walden. Joyce in CA <A HREF="http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/Acres/3231/">Our Extended Family </A> a message dated 5/27/99 5:07:25 PM !!!First Boot!!!, Lakes4 writes: << Would you check and see if there are any of the following surnames in the "Apprentices of VA" book? : SUTTON, CRITTON, SHAFFER,WALDEN In Thankyou! Linda Linda Folk Moorhead,MN [email protected] >>

Hi Sandy, Sorry, I do not see William or Nathaniel Williams. There are a few other Williams listed. Ann, James John Luke Samuel Thomas If anyone wants the info, let me know. Since I have several queries about this, will let it go at this, and if you want the info, let me know. Happy hunting. Joyce in Ca. <A HREF="http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/Acres/3231/">Our Extended Family </A> In a message dated 5/27/99 10:31:23 PM !!!First Boot!!!, SLWCEW2 writes: << Would you please see if there is a William Williams and a Nathaniel Williams. Thanks Sandy Williams >>

Joyce, The difference between an apprentice and an indentured servant is that an apprentice learned a specific trade. Apprenticeships grew out a practice in medieval Europe which required an apprenticeship before one was allowed to officially practice a specific trade on his own. It was a way to ensure that skilled labor was properly trained as well as a way to limit the competition. We continue the practice in the US today in some of the construction trades: bricklaying, electrician, plumbing, etc. It continues in England as well. In the past, apprentices (regardless of age or gender) lived with the family of the master while learning the trade. An indenture servant was essentially a laborer who received board, room and other basics, in return for his or her labor. Most, men and women, worked in the field, helping to clear land or farm. Others, women primarily, worked in the home, assisting with the many household and domestic chores. If one was lucky, the master might teach his servant a skilled trade but it wasn't a requirement. The term of service varied from four to seven years, at the end of which, the servant was to receive the agreed upon pay, clothing, food, or whatever. This was a common practice in England in the 16th and 17th centuries and was instrumental in providing essential labor for the American colonies. The vast majority of immigrants in 17th century VA and MD, for instance, were indentured servants who agreed to 7 years labor in return for their ship passage over. The practice continued throughout the 18th century and into the 19th century in this country. Some of the most interesting court cases were cases brought by servants against their masters!! Sara Patton -----Original Message----- From: [email protected] <[email protected]> To: [email protected] <[email protected]> Date: Wednesday, May 26, 1999 8:52 PM Subject: Riffe >Hello Listers, >Awhile back someone asked about a Jacob Riffe, I believe who may have been an >Indentured servant. I have had such a confusion of mail, again, and >apparently misplaced the message, so hopefully this reaches the right person, >or anyone else interested in the Riffe family. I am not researching this >family, but knew of a book at the RGS library. I finally got hold of it. >Turns out that it is a book about Apprentices, instead of indentures. I >looked up Jacob Riffe, and did not find him, not too surprising, considering >that he was apparently not an apprentice. >I am wondering where the line is drawn between an indentured servant and an >apprentice...was it just because the indentured was paying off someone, for a >bill? Either way, it appears to me, that people served "masters" and did not >seem to get much pay. And they both served a period of time. It is >interesting that in this book, there are six year old children as >apprentices, as well as women, with an undefined area of study. In thinking >about this, I suppose I am correct in concluding that the position of an >apprentice could be used to fill the gaps when the man of the house died, >leaving small children, or women, who were in need of protection. Perhaps >someone else knows more about this than I do. >I will try to list some names, which you might be interested in, in another >message. >Joyce in CA. > <A HREF="http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/Acres/3231/">Our Extended Family ></A> > >______________________________

Dear Sara & list members, Greenbrier County records are not being destroyed. This is a rumor that has bounced around the web for a while now. In fact, the Greenbrier Historical Society is hard at work preserving those very court house records. In the past three years, the society has spent over $8,000 to conserve the actual Greenbrier county records through proper museum and library conservation methods. The society has raised another $2,000 in the past year through donations to our Records Restoration Fund and proceeds from the WV Scots-Irish & Irish Family History Conference. The books are very carefully cleaned, repaired, restored, placed within acid-free mylar sleeves, and rebound (if necessary) and then placed back within the court house for the general public to use. This restoration is performed by professional conservators and both the public and the county government is very pleased with the result. It is, however, a slow and expensive project, but one to which the Greenbrier Historical Society is very dedicated. Please be assured that at this time, no such destruction of Greenbrier County records is occurring. Anyone who would like to contribute to the Records Restoration Fund may do so by contacting the Greenbrier Historical Society at the address below: Greenbrier Historical Society Records Restoration Fund 301 W. Washington St. Lewisburg, WV 24901 Phone: 304/645-3398 FAX: 304/645-5201 Sincerely, Joy Mott Executive Director North House Museum Greenbrier Historical Society, Inc. -----Original Message----- From: Sara Patton <[email protected]> To: [email protected] <[email protected]> Date: Thursday, May 27, 1999 9:10 PM Subject: [WVGREENB-L] Fw: WV County Record Destruction >Some very disturbing news!! > > >-----Original Message----- >From: Elaine D Tomkins <[email protected]> >To: [email protected] <[email protected]> >Date: Tuesday, May 25, 1999 2:44 PM >Subject: [WVHAMPSH-L] County Record Destruction > > >>Hi, Listers, >> >>I just returned from a trip to the local LDS Center where I >>heard some disturbing news. The volunteer worker there told >>me that LDS's head researcher in W.Va. got the word this >>spring that all W.Va. counties will be systematically >>destroying their birth, death, marriage and divorce records. >>Some counties have already destroyed their divorce records, >>which means the process has begun. This means we will all >>have to go to the state archives in Charleston for our >>research. Some of the historical societies in some of the >>counties, upon hearing this, requested that the records be >>given to them, rather than be destroyed. Their request was >>flatly refused. Perhaps some of you W.Va. residents could >>contact your local court house or whoever is responsible for >>such decisions, even at the state level, and campaign to have >>the records donated to the county libraries, rather than being >>destroyed. I would assume that the destruction would involve >>records from no further back than about 1920, since that is >>when all the counties started sending records to the state, >>but it would be a very good idea to ask. I would also assume >>that the birth and death certificates now held at the county >>level will be turned over to the state, but ask about that >>also. I think that tax-paying W.Va. residents would get more >>results than outsiders. Politics, you know! I'm sure that >>everyone on the list will be interested in what you learn. >> >>Elaine in Ohio >> >>______________________________ > > >==== WVGREENB Mailing List ==== >Visit the Greenbrier County, USGenWeb >Home Page! <http://www.rootsweb.com/~wvgreenb/> > >

Some very disturbing news!! -----Original Message----- From: Elaine D Tomkins <[email protected]> To: [email protected] <[email protected]> Date: Tuesday, May 25, 1999 2:44 PM Subject: [WVHAMPSH-L] County Record Destruction >Hi, Listers, > >I just returned from a trip to the local LDS Center where I >heard some disturbing news. The volunteer worker there told >me that LDS's head researcher in W.Va. got the word this >spring that all W.Va. counties will be systematically >destroying their birth, death, marriage and divorce records. >Some counties have already destroyed their divorce records, >which means the process has begun. This means we will all >have to go to the state archives in Charleston for our >research. Some of the historical societies in some of the >counties, upon hearing this, requested that the records be >given to them, rather than be destroyed. Their request was >flatly refused. Perhaps some of you W.Va. residents could >contact your local court house or whoever is responsible for >such decisions, even at the state level, and campaign to have >the records donated to the county libraries, rather than being >destroyed. I would assume that the destruction would involve >records from no further back than about 1920, since that is >when all the counties started sending records to the state, >but it would be a very good idea to ask. I would also assume >that the birth and death certificates now held at the county >level will be turned over to the state, but ask about that >also. I think that tax-paying W.Va. residents would get more >results than outsiders. Politics, you know! I'm sure that >everyone on the list will be interested in what you learn. > >Elaine in Ohio > >______________________________

Hello Lynne, and listers, How are you? That was very informative. Guess I have not given much thought to the Apprentice. In today's world, I believe it would be an adult or near adult trainee, who was training for a job. We came into a situation recently with our 18 year old daughter, where she was taking an ROP class, which is job training for H.S. credit. They ended up getting her a job, but it only trains and does not pay. They have until June 4, to decide whether they will hire her or not. Of course they do not call it apprentice or any such thing, but it seems similar. The term was certainly openended, with no positive ending date for training, or for making her work for free. She has given up most of her weekend nights for free. Seems like a racket to me...:-) So, guess the apprentice workers are still in the world in some capacity today. Seems strange that we do not see the apprentice workers in the major families that I am researching around Greenbrier Co., so this practice must have been limited to a certain spectrum of the population, whether that could be people related to the Europeans, who I believe practiced this apprentice style living or something. Well, I will let this go, am just thinking outloud. Always interesting to gain new perspectives on things. Joyce in Ca. <A HREF="http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/Acres/3231/">Our Extended Family </A>

As I glean from my reading: Indentured servants (usually adults, sometimes chlidren) were generally paying off their passage to America. Apprentices were children (sometimes orphan) learning a trade and giving labor in exchange. Orphan children with no support were bound (sometimes apprenticed) to someone who would provide for them. Some were probably treated as family and others as drudges. Orphan children with property were given a guardian. The point was to guard the property, not the child. Differences in these positions depend on the purpose/intent -- each person (immigrant, county, parent, child, employer/guardian) had a different purpose: Indentured: immigrant -- to get passage to America; shipowner -- to make money on transporting people even though they had no money; employer -- to get a guaranteed worker. Orphan bound: county -- to remove the child from the county "welfare roll;" surviving parent (usually mother) -- to see children provided for; responsible adult -- to get a worker or to care for friends' and relatives' children. Apprentice: parent and apprentice -- to be trained to support self in future and be provided for now; county -- to remove from the welfare roll; employer -- to get a guaranteed worker. Guardian: dead/surviving parents -- to ensure the family land is preserved and the child is provided for; guardian -- to make money from managing the estate (and guard the estate and child, if a relative). Lynne Hundley ---------- > From: [email protected] > To: [email protected] > Subject: [WVGREENB-L] Riffe > Date: Thursday, May 27, 1999 12:52 AM > > Hello Listers, > Awhile back someone asked about a Jacob Riffe, I believe who may have been an > Indentured servant. I have had such a confusion of mail, again, and > apparently misplaced the message, so hopefully this reaches the right person, > or anyone else interested in the Riffe family. I am not researching this > family, but knew of a book at the RGS library. I finally got hold of it. > Turns out that it is a book about Apprentices, instead of indentures. I > looked up Jacob Riffe, and did not find him, not too surprising, considering > that he was apparently not an apprentice. > I am wondering where the line is drawn between an indentured servant and an > apprentice...was it just because the indentured was paying off someone, for a > bill? Either way, it appears to me, that people served "masters" and did not > seem to get much pay. And they both served a period of time. It is > interesting that in this book, there are six year old children as > apprentices, as well as women, with an undefined area of study. In thinking > about this, I suppose I am correct in concluding that the position of an > apprentice could be used to fill the gaps when the man of the house died, > leaving small children, or women, who were in need of protection. Perhaps > someone else knows more about this than I do. > I will try to list some names, which you might be interested in, in another > message. > Joyce in CA. > <A HREF="http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/Acres/3231/">Our Extended Family > </A> > > > ==== WVGREENB Mailing List ==== > Approximately 3 people subscribe to and unsubscribe from the list each week. You are encouraged to resubmit your queries once or twice per year to reach new listmembers.