Recently ran across an interesting book by John R. Borchert, a geographer. Title: "America's Northern Heartland: An Economic and Historical Geography of the Upper Midwest" (Univ. Minn, 1887). One thing he discusses, and I have also noticed in tracking "Rapids" families is the horizontal movement from Wisconsin westward: to Iowa, to S. Dakota, to Washington, etc. I recently got a lead regarding family movement to Spokane. Ancestry.com happens to have a city directory for 1889-1992 for Spokane in its "free/new databases" section which some of you may find useful. Although I did not find my Timothy Conway listed, every Rapids name I am tracing [mostly Irish names]turned up in a search of the Spokane database. I did not recognize most of these, but it certainly was surprising. Others of you have Wood County--Spokane movements for family members? If so, you might try the Spokane listings: http://www.ancestry.com/search/rectype/inddbs/4840.htm Chris