Steven; You are correct. However, it gives a little more protection if you can show when your copyright began so the words "All Rights Reserved (Date) and Initials; and stamp dated either by mailing it or email, is the best protection you can get. They did change the law in 1989 and made it much easier and I imagine, they were getting overwhelmed with copyrighted material thanks to the computer age and the internet. Sincerely, Nance