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    1. Re: [VABEDFOR] Coppedge
    2. bonnie umberger
    3. I have a GGG mother listed as Martha "Polly" Coppedge. She married Moza Peters. Their son was Clifton Coppedge Peters was born in 1807 in Amherst Co. and he died in Bedford Co. Do you have any other info? Thanks, Bonnie Nance Umberger ----- Original Message ----- From: "GERALD PREAS" <gpreas@swbell.net> To: <vabedfor@rootsweb.com> Sent: Friday, February 01, 2008 8:11 PM Subject: [VABEDFOR] Coppedge > Anyone researching the Coppedge family of Central > Bedford County Va 1700s/1800s? > Gerald Preas > Dallas TX > ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ > To post to the list, email: VABEDFOR@rootsweb.com > To contact the list admin, email: VABEDFOR-admin@rootsweb.com > > > ------------------------------- > To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to > VABEDFOR-request@rootsweb.com with the word 'unsubscribe' without the > quotes in the subject and the body of the message

    02/01/2008 04:17:15
    1. Re: [VABEDFOR] Genealogy research
    2. John Gray
    3. Hello - Thank you so very much - this is the kind of information I hoped to learn. I am most grateful. Blessings! John Gray, Grove City, OH At 08:16 PM 2/1/2008, you wrote: >If you are going to visit Augusta, Bedford, Botetout, Giles, Montgomery >& Rockbridge, please take the time to visit the Virginia Room at the >Roanoke City Library. >They have one of the largest and best collections around this area. They >carry lots of data from >the counties you are planning to visit. > >Bedford has their Museum right next door to the courthouse. Botetourt's >Library is located about 3 blocks away from >their courthouse. Excellent helpers >at both sites. Another is the Jones Memorial Library located in Lynchburg >for Campbell County. > > (http://www.publiclibraries.com/virginia.htm) >

    02/01/2008 02:13:55
    1. Re: [VABEDFOR] VABEDFOR Digest, Vol 3, Issue 36
    2. In a message dated 2/1/08 4:21:36 PM Eastern Standard Time, vabedfor-request@rootsweb.com writes: > > From: dixiefleur@aol.com > Subject: Re: [VABEDFOR] VABEDFOR Digest, Vol 3, Issue 34 > To: vabedfor@rootsweb.com > Message-ID: <8CA331C14E1C917-714-20E4@webmail-db20.sysops.aol.com> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" > > We have loose voting/election records that begin in 1803. These have all > been flat filed and are available for the public to search. These loose papers > have no index but are filed according to date. Other such records can be found > in our court order books. > > > ? > > > Karen Glover > > > Bedford Circuit Court > > > Thank you Karen We will see you in March Doug Burnett Satellite Beach FL ************** Biggest Grammy Award surprises of all time on AOL Music. (http://music.aol.com/grammys/pictures/never-won-a-grammy?NCID=aolcmp00300000002548)

    02/01/2008 01:43:36
    1. [VABEDFOR] Genealogy research
    2. If you are going to visit Augusta, Bedford, Botetout, Giles, Montgomery & Rockbridge, please take the time to visit the Virginia Room at the Roanoke City Library. They have one of the largest and best collections around this area. They carry lots of data from the counties you are planning to visit. Bedford has their Museum right next door to the courthouse. Botetourt's Library is located about 3 blocks away from their courthouse. Excellent helpers at both sites. Another is the Jones Memorial Library located in Lynchburg for Campbell County. (http://www.publiclibraries.com/virginia.htm) **************Biggest Grammy Award surprises of all time on AOL Music. (http://music.aol.com/grammys/pictures/never-won-a-grammy?NCID=aolcmp003000000025 48)

    02/01/2008 01:16:26
    1. [VABEDFOR] VA Book
    2. Alan Buckingham
    3. Hello All, I've added another 10 pages to the book "Collections of the Virginia Historical Society Vol. VII: Virginia Company of London 1619-1624". It's online now at http://www.midatlanticarchives.com Alan RESEARCHING: Buckingham, Gilpin, Eastburn, Jeanes, Nowland, Wade, Creswell, Abernathy and related families No virus found in this outgoing message. Checked by AVG Free Edition. Version: 7.5.516 / Virus Database: 269.19.15/1248 - Release Date: 1/28/2008 9:32 PM

    02/01/2008 10:36:22
    1. [VABEDFOR] Coppedge
    2. GERALD PREAS
    3. Anyone researching the Coppedge family of Central Bedford County Va 1700s/1800s? Gerald Preas Dallas TX

    02/01/2008 10:11:39
    1. Re: [VABEDFOR] Franklin County formation dates
    2. william hunt
    3. One More Round on Franklin Formation ! I had reason to look into this a couple of years ago. Over several years John Salmon has been commissioned by the LVA to write my books on early Virginia based on the Library's holdings. John S. and Emily J. Salmon wrote, "Franklin County Virginia 1786-1986 - A Bicentennial History", published in 1993 for the Franklin County Bicentennial Commission. Why is 1786 in the Title? On page 66 by Salmon he states, "During the October 1785 session the General Assembly passed an act to create a new county 'from and after the first day of January next....[to be] called and known by the name of Franklin,' " ; and "On 12 December 1785 Governor Patrick Henry issued a commission appointing the justices of the new county.".... and "the Court met as directed on 2 January 1786 at Callaway's home at the Washington Iron Works." So we learn the act creating Franklin was dated 1785, but the legislative text directs the formation to take effect Jan.1, 'next' meaning Jan. 1, 1876. This was apparently fairly common in county formations based on an explanation from the Library of Virginia. Bill H. ----- Original Message ----- From: <WarnerCaldwell@aol.com> To: <vabedfor@rootsweb.com> >> Date: Wed, 30 Jan 2008 20:56:51 -0500 >> From: Raymond Ryan <rwryan295@verizon.net> >> Subject: [VABEDFOR] Correction - Franklin Co., Va. >> To: VABEDFOR@rootsweb.com >> Based on what was recently posted, copied and pasted below, Franklin >> Co., Va. was not formed in 1785. Rather it was formed from both >> Bedford and Henry counties in 1786, based on an order of the >> 'gentlemen justices' dated Nov. 29, 1785. Later a part of Patrick >> Co., Va. was added which is reflected in the current configuration of >> Franklin County. >> >> ----- Original Message ----- >> From: "Edwin "Tex" Irvin" >> Sent: Friday, January 25, 2008 9:09 AM >> Subject: [VABEDFOR] old County lines >> I'm sure this is old news to most of you, but I will post it anyway. >> >> 4-5 Formation of Counties of VA from >> Charles City County, est. 1634 >> Franklin County, est. 1785 >> > To be completely correct from "Virginia Counties: Those resulting from > Virginia Legislation" by Morgan P. Robinson, Franklin was formed in 1786 > from > Bedford and Henry and part of Patrick. The county was named after > Benjamin Franklin > Doug Burnett >

    02/01/2008 09:29:03
    1. Re: [VABEDFOR] Old books on Google
    2. John Gray
    3. Hello List - I will be visiting the SW counties of VA this summer. I plan on going to the courthouses, public libraries and any genealogical/historical societies I can find. The counties to which I know I am going are - Augusta, Bedford, Botetout, Giles, Montgomery & Rockbridge, and wherever the trail leads from there. I will be researching for Burgandine, DeWitt, Dodridge, Gray, Hamilton, Henderson, Kellar, McCutcheon, Newman, Robinson, Schleich/Sly (all spellings), Teeter and Thompson. Any suggestions gratefully appreciated. John Gray, Grove City, OH

    02/01/2008 09:08:07
    1. Re: [VABEDFOR] Google books
    2. P&S Honore
    3. Thanks a million. Shirley ----- Original Message ----- From: "Edwin "Tex" Irvin" <edwirvin@yahoo.com> To: <vabedfor@rootsweb.com> Sent: Friday, February 01, 2008 2:10 PM Subject: [VABEDFOR] Google books > Hi Shirley: Go to the search engine Google.com Up top you will see a > little pull down arrow marked "more." Click on that and then click > "books." Then the sky is the limit. Type in "genealogy" in the little > search box. You will get 50 pages of different books. Or type in a > surname or a county or a state. Or a name of a book or subject. "History > of", or "Sketches of," Whatever. Up top you will see "full view." Click > on that and you will see only complete, entire books. The "limited view" > option will show you selected portions of books that are not entirely > available, usually for proprietary or copyright reasons. Most of the older > books are in the public domain now. But the limited view books are worth > looking at also. You might find a pertinent page that is not blacked out, > or at least a clue on where to look further. Edwin > ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ > To post to the list, email: VABEDFOR@rootsweb.com > To contact the list admin, email: VABEDFOR-admin@rootsweb.com > > > ------------------------------- > To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to > VABEDFOR-request@rootsweb.com with the word 'unsubscribe' without the > quotes in the subject and the body of the message >

    02/01/2008 08:28:44
    1. [VABEDFOR] Google books
    2. Edwin "Tex" Irvin
    3. Hi Shirley: Go to the search engine Google.com Up top you will see a little pull down arrow marked "more." Click on that and then click "books." Then the sky is the limit. Type in "genealogy" in the little search box. You will get 50 pages of different books. Or type in a surname or a county or a state. Or a name of a book or subject. "History of", or "Sketches of," Whatever. Up top you will see "full view." Click on that and you will see only complete, entire books. The "limited view" option will show you selected portions of books that are not entirely available, usually for proprietary or copyright reasons. Most of the older books are in the public domain now. But the limited view books are worth looking at also. You might find a pertinent page that is not blacked out, or at least a clue on where to look further. Edwin

    02/01/2008 07:10:34
    1. Re: [VABEDFOR] VABEDFOR Digest, Vol 3, Issue 34
    2. We have loose voting/election records that begin in 1803. These have all been flat filed and are available for the public to search. These loose papers have no index but are filed according to date. Other such records can be found in our court order books. ? Karen Glover Bedford Circuit Court -----Original Message----- From: warnercaldwell@aol.com To: vabedfor@rootsweb.com Sent: Fri, 1 Feb 2008 1:32 pm Subject: Re: [VABEDFOR] VABEDFOR Digest, Vol 3, Issue 34 Good Afternoon Does anyone who uses the courthouse in Bedford know if they have old(1700 & 1800s) Voters Rolls? Thanks Doug Burnett ________________________________________________________________________ More new features than ever. Check out the new AOL Mail ! - http://webmail.aol.com ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ To post to the list, email: VABEDFOR@rootsweb.com To contact the list admin, email: VABEDFOR-admin@rootsweb.com ------------------------------- To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to VABEDFOR-request@rootsweb.com with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message ________________________________________________________________________ More new features than ever. Check out the new AOL Mail ! - http://webmail.aol.com

    02/01/2008 07:02:10
    1. Re: [VABEDFOR] VABEDFOR Digest, Vol 3, Issue 34
    2. Good Afternoon Does anyone who uses the courthouse in Bedford know if they have old(1700 & 1800s) Voters Rolls? Thanks Doug Burnett ________________________________________________________________________ More new features than ever. Check out the new AOL Mail ! - http://webmail.aol.com

    02/01/2008 06:32:56
    1. Re: [VABEDFOR] Old books on Google
    2. Sheila Murnahan
    3. Wow, thanks Edwin. One of my families originated in Bedford, the other side in Amherst County, so I'm sure this site is going to be helpful to me. Sheila in Florida -----Original Message----- From: vabedfor-bounces@rootsweb.com [mailto:vabedfor-bounces@rootsweb.com] On Behalf Of Edwin "Tex" Irvin Sent: Friday, February 01, 2008 1:00 PM To: vabedfor@rootsweb.com Subject: [VABEDFOR] Old books on Google There are many great old books digitized on Google that mention families in the old Brunswick/Lunenburg/Bedford area. You can read them in their entirety for free. They have many hundreds of books online. Forget paying ancestry.com a fortune. You can read the google books for a lifetime, for absolutely nothing. Here are just a few. There are many more. You can use the little search engine, find the index, or just scroll a page at a time. Just remember, old publications, many errors. Naturally, the ones I copied here are skewed toward my kin. But tons of other surnames are mentioned. Edwin http://books.google.com/books?id=oX3hxtr5L24C&printsec=frontcover&dq=Genealo gy&lr=&as_brr=1 http://books.google.com/books?id=Wi03AAAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=History +of+the+Mcdowells&as_brr=1 http://books.google.com/books?id=rZbEC1kEdpcC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Annals+ of+Augusta+county&as_brr=1 http://books.google.com/books?id=VzUPAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=Chronic les+of+Scotch+Irish&as_brr=1 http://books.google.com/books?id=oX3hxtr5L24C&printsec=frontcover&dq=Albemar le&as_brr=1 http://books.google.com/books?id=BAo7AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA1&dq=Cabell%27s+and+Kin&a s_brr=1 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ To post to the list, email: VABEDFOR@rootsweb.com To contact the list admin, email: VABEDFOR-admin@rootsweb.com ------------------------------- To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to VABEDFOR-request@rootsweb.com with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message

    02/01/2008 06:11:25
    1. Re: [VABEDFOR] Old books on Google
    2. P&S Honore
    3. How do I find the Google books for Lunenberg/ Bedford counties? Shirley ----- Original Message ----- From: "Edwin "Tex" Irvin" <edwirvin@yahoo.com> To: <vabedfor@rootsweb.com> Sent: Friday, February 01, 2008 9:59 AM Subject: [VABEDFOR] Old books on Google > There are many great old books digitized on Google that mention families > in the old Brunswick/Lunenburg/Bedford area. You can read them in their > entirety for free. They have many hundreds of books online. Forget paying > ancestry.com a fortune. You can read the google books for a lifetime, for > absolutely nothing. Here are just a few. There are many more. You can use > the little search engine, find the index, or just scroll a page at a time. > Just remember, old publications, many errors. Naturally, the ones I copied > here are skewed toward my kin. But tons of other surnames are mentioned. > Edwin > > > http://books.google.com/books?id=oX3hxtr5L24C&printsec=frontcover&dq=Genealogy&lr=&as_brr=1 > > > http://books.google.com/books?id=Wi03AAAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=History+of+the+Mcdowells&as_brr=1 > > > http://books.google.com/books?id=rZbEC1kEdpcC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Annals+of+Augusta+county&as_brr=1 > > > > http://books.google.com/books?id=VzUPAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=Chronicles+of+Scotch+Irish&as_brr=1 > > > > http://books.google.com/books?id=oX3hxtr5L24C&printsec=frontcover&dq=Albemarle&as_brr=1 > > > http://books.google.com/books?id=BAo7AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA1&dq=Cabell%27s+and+Kin&as_brr=1 > ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ > To post to the list, email: VABEDFOR@rootsweb.com > To contact the list admin, email: VABEDFOR-admin@rootsweb.com > > > ------------------------------- > To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to > VABEDFOR-request@rootsweb.com with the word 'unsubscribe' without the > quotes in the subject and the body of the message >

    02/01/2008 06:11:11
    1. Re: [VABEDFOR] Old books on Google
    2. Buford, Joseph E
    3. This is wonderfull information Joe Buford -----Original Message----- From: Edwin "Tex" Irvin [mailto:edwirvin@yahoo.com] Sent: Friday, February 01, 2008 10:00 AM To: vabedfor@rootsweb.com Subject: [VABEDFOR] Old books on Google There are many great old books digitized on Google that mention families in the old Brunswick/Lunenburg/Bedford area. You can read them in their entirety for free. They have many hundreds of books online. Forget paying ancestry.com a fortune. You can read the google books for a lifetime, for absolutely nothing. Here are just a few. There are many more. You can use the little search engine, find the index, or just scroll a page at a time. Just remember, old publications, many errors. Naturally, the ones I copied here are skewed toward my kin. But tons of other surnames are mentioned. Edwin http://books.google.com/books?id=oX3hxtr5L24C&printsec=frontcover&dq=Gen ealogy&lr=&as_brr=1 http://books.google.com/books?id=Wi03AAAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=His tory+of+the+Mcdowells&as_brr=1 http://books.google.com/books?id=rZbEC1kEdpcC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Ann als+of+Augusta+county&as_brr=1 http://books.google.com/books?id=VzUPAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=Chr onicles+of+Scotch+Irish&as_brr=1 http://books.google.com/books?id=oX3hxtr5L24C&printsec=frontcover&dq=Alb emarle&as_brr=1 http://books.google.com/books?id=BAo7AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA1&dq=Cabell%27s+and+K in&as_brr=1 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ To post to the list, email: VABEDFOR@rootsweb.com To contact the list admin, email: VABEDFOR-admin@rootsweb.com ------------------------------- To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to VABEDFOR-request@rootsweb.com with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message

    02/01/2008 03:46:22
    1. [VABEDFOR] Old books on Google
    2. Edwin "Tex" Irvin
    3. There are many great old books digitized on Google that mention families in the old Brunswick/Lunenburg/Bedford area. You can read them in their entirety for free. They have many hundreds of books online. Forget paying ancestry.com a fortune. You can read the google books for a lifetime, for absolutely nothing. Here are just a few. There are many more. You can use the little search engine, find the index, or just scroll a page at a time. Just remember, old publications, many errors. Naturally, the ones I copied here are skewed toward my kin. But tons of other surnames are mentioned. Edwin http://books.google.com/books?id=oX3hxtr5L24C&printsec=frontcover&dq=Genealogy&lr=&as_brr=1 http://books.google.com/books?id=Wi03AAAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=History+of+the+Mcdowells&as_brr=1 http://books.google.com/books?id=rZbEC1kEdpcC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Annals+of+Augusta+county&as_brr=1 http://books.google.com/books?id=VzUPAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=Chronicles+of+Scotch+Irish&as_brr=1 http://books.google.com/books?id=oX3hxtr5L24C&printsec=frontcover&dq=Albemarle&as_brr=1 http://books.google.com/books?id=BAo7AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA1&dq=Cabell%27s+and+Kin&as_brr=1

    02/01/2008 02:59:45
    1. Re: [VABEDFOR] part four
    2. Donald Hill
    3. Edwin There is a move to get all of the topo maps and programs to plot in the lat long readings. This is extremely accurate ploting. These were used in the commerical industry in generating maps from aerial photographs. Don Hill ----- Original Message ---- From: "Edwin "Tex" Irvin" <edwirvin@yahoo.com> To: vabedfor@rootsweb.com Sent: Friday, February 1, 2008 5:01:44 AM Subject: [VABEDFOR] part four PLOTTING GRANTS This can be very handy for identifying the precise location of land. It’s helpful in identifying the county the land was in, which likely changed over time. Plus, you can often pinpoint occupation of the land by looking at the surrounding patents and their surveys for description of the boundaries. Plotting the immediate neighbors is also very helpful. The neighbors are important because they are clues to spouses and to extended families. They also help identify taxing districts. Even if you’re working with a deed or lease, the land was originally acquired by patent, and backing up to that patent is usually helpful. Understanding Metes And Bounds This system was used in all the original colonies, plus Tennessee, Kentucky, and Texas. “Metes” (measurements) and “Bounds” (boundaries) describe a tract in terms of neighbor’s boundaries, natural features, compass directions, and distances. Each boundary is defined as a distance and compass direction, resulting in a multi-sided figure. Compass directions have to be adjusted for the difference between true north and magnetic north - not all surveyors made the adjustment, which can result adjoining tracts not quite meeting. Magnetic north also moves over time, so you have to adjust for where it was at the time of the survey. Distances were measured using a chain of 100 links. Each link was 2/3 foot, so the length of a chain was 66 feet. 10 square chains was one acre. Commonly, increments of 1/4 chain – interchangeably called a pole, rod, or perch – were used for distances. Using Maps Old maps are not very useful for plotting because they lack detail, except for local maps used by surveyors and entry takers. Modern topographical maps are much more useful – though names of watercourses may have changed. USGS maps are available free on the internet – try www.topozone.com. DeLorme has a series of state topographical atlases which are very useful - $16.95 in any bookstore. Gazetteers are helpful for identifying old landmarks, and some knowledge of county formations is needed to identify precise locations. Spending Some Money If you are really detail-oriented, DeedMapper is a software program for drawing old patents and deeds and placing them onto topographical maps. $99 from Direct Line Software – order from http://www.ultranet.com/~deeds/order.htm Edwin's note: If anyone has bought this directline software, let me know what you think of it. Is it user friendly or very complicated? I don't want to buy it if I can't use it. I know very little of computer applications. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ To post to the list, email: VABEDFOR@rootsweb.com To contact the list admin, email: VABEDFOR-admin@rootsweb.com ------------------------------- To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to VABEDFOR-request@rootsweb.com with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message

    02/01/2008 12:23:18
    1. [VABEDFOR] William Irvin
    2. Edwin "Tex" Irvin
    3. In the Rev. War Pensions, from footnote.com Does anyone know who this man's father was? He is a bit of a mystery to us. I'm certain he is not the Dan River/Halifax William who went west after the War. He may or may not be my line. A British ship ran aground in Hampton, and the Captain threatened to burn the surrounding area. Dunsmore showed up shortly after with his small army of regulars and tories. The 1st Va. was reformed from the old Indian days and marched first to Williamsburg, Then to the Norfolk area to do battle. This particular 18 year old William Irvin was with them. He then re-enlisted with the 14th Va. and marched to the Delaware with the Continental line. He never returned to Bedford, but lived out his life in NY. Edwin William Irvin b abt 1757 a resident of Bedford Co. when he enlisted in 15 Sep 1775 Served 1 year in 1st VA Regt, Capt William Campbell and Col. Patrick Henry Enlisted in Dec 1776 with VA Line Regt 14, Capt George Lambert, Col. Charles Lewis for 3 years Discharged Morristown, Morris, NJ, Dec 1779 Applied for pension 1820 at age 63, wife 60 (no name) in Wayne, Stueben, NY Died same place, 21 June 1824

    01/31/2008 10:20:57
    1. [VABEDFOR] Kegley's
    2. Edwin "Tex" Irvin
    3. Another great old book (1920's?) is Kegley's Virginia Frontier. It is a precursor to a "modern" history, with footnotes and sources. He pulls much from Chalkley and the Draper and Preston Papers. The majority of it is about folks across the Blue Ridge in the Great Valley, but some pertains to the lands east in the Peidmont. Go here: http://books.google.com/books?id=Bp0nOrLrPlYC&pg=PP1&dq=Kegley%27s+Virginia+Frontier&sig=AkJkv6B-bSZLKjzwLsuqnVPxin4#PRA1-PA55,M1 This is a "limited preview," which means you can only view certain pages. This book is in most libraries. Scroll down to page 55. It takes a while to load. There is a good description of how the patent process worked. If you notice, the waiting process was often two or three years. Maybe longer. So if you see a patent dated say 1741, it may have been filed much earlier. You might be able to view the index of this book on google. Type a surname in the little search box and see what pops ups. Then you can tell if it's worth finding the whole book. Edwin

    01/31/2008 08:41:58
    1. [VABEDFOR] part four
    2. Edwin "Tex" Irvin
    3. PLOTTING GRANTS This can be very handy for identifying the precise location of land. It’s helpful in identifying the county the land was in, which likely changed over time. Plus, you can often pinpoint occupation of the land by looking at the surrounding patents and their surveys for description of the boundaries. Plotting the immediate neighbors is also very helpful. The neighbors are important because they are clues to spouses and to extended families. They also help identify taxing districts. Even if you’re working with a deed or lease, the land was originally acquired by patent, and backing up to that patent is usually helpful. Understanding Metes And Bounds This system was used in all the original colonies, plus Tennessee, Kentucky, and Texas. “Metes” (measurements) and “Bounds” (boundaries) describe a tract in terms of neighbor’s boundaries, natural features, compass directions, and distances. Each boundary is defined as a distance and compass direction, resulting in a multi-sided figure. Compass directions have to be adjusted for the difference between true north and magnetic north - not all surveyors made the adjustment, which can result adjoining tracts not quite meeting. Magnetic north also moves over time, so you have to adjust for where it was at the time of the survey. Distances were measured using a chain of 100 links. Each link was 2/3 foot, so the length of a chain was 66 feet. 10 square chains was one acre. Commonly, increments of 1/4 chain – interchangeably called a pole, rod, or perch – were used for distances. Using Maps Old maps are not very useful for plotting because they lack detail, except for local maps used by surveyors and entry takers. Modern topographical maps are much more useful – though names of watercourses may have changed. USGS maps are available free on the internet – try www.topozone.com. DeLorme has a series of state topographical atlases which are very useful - $16.95 in any bookstore. Gazetteers are helpful for identifying old landmarks, and some knowledge of county formations is needed to identify precise locations. Spending Some Money If you are really detail-oriented, DeedMapper is a software program for drawing old patents and deeds and placing them onto topographical maps. $99 from Direct Line Software – order from http://www.ultranet.com/~deeds/order.htm Edwin's note: If anyone has bought this directline software, let me know what you think of it. Is it user friendly or very complicated? I don't want to buy it if I can't use it. I know very little of computer applications.

    01/31/2008 08:01:44