Thanks for the great information! Kimberly A. GriffinGet more from the Web. FREE MSN Explorer download : http://explorer.msn.com

unsubscribe ----- Original Message ----- From: <VA-SOUTHSIDE-D-request@rootsweb.com> To: <VA-SOUTHSIDE-D@rootsweb.com> Sent: Saturday, May 26, 2001 11:01 PM Subject: VA-SOUTHSIDE-D Digest V01 #189

In a message dated 5/26/01 4:38:05 PM, Griff63@hotmail.com writes: << Greetings to all! My relative is listed on the 1883-1889 Danville city directory as a moulder. What type of profession is this? I was told by family members that he was a blacksmith. Thanks, >> Hi all, In the time period that you are discussing, there are several possibilities, among which was the artisans who made the fancy mouldings which decorated the ceilings and walls of many of the victorian houses. The moulders would make a trough where they would place wet plaster, and then drag a tool which was cut into the profile of a decorative moulding along the trough to shape the plaster into a three-dimensional design. When these dried or hardened, the mouldings would then be plastered into place with some additional wet plaster. This replaced the wooden mouldings of crown moldings that had been used in earlier days. Some very elegant and extravagant mouldings were produced by this method. John Fox Winston Salem, NC

The author of the article in "The Source" is not clear on the exact time period covered. It seems to cover the colonies and states up to 1862, even though she refers to statutes passed by the "states". Very few statutory exceptions were found. Most of the information was taken from "The Law of Baron and Femme......" by Judge Tapping Reed published in 1862. The implication of the table is that the legal age requirements were fairly static and fairly general up to 1862. However, we probably don't need to complicate the issue of ages of legal action by going beyond Colonial Virginia and North Carolina. This is the period and area which would be of greatest use to genealogists on this list. Hopefully, there is someone on the list who is familiar enough with Colonial Virginia law to give us more specific information as to whether the age requirements cited are correct for VA and which ones were simply presumptive and which ones could or would have been routinely waived by a county court. In other words, which ones were generally applied and would help us estimate an age for a person. I don't think many people are particularly interested in the law per se. Among those legal actions possible in the Colony of VA, based on the article, were: At birth: Inherit (also, an unborn child could inherit) At age 5: Attend school At age of discretion (14 male, 12 female): Marry [Subject to parental consent law.] Witness documents Testify in court Choose guardian Serve as apprentice [presumably, below this age, court action was necessary] Show land to processioners (male only) Sign contracts Act as executor At age 16: Be taxed Muster into the militia Procession land Take possession of land holdings At 18: Practice Trade Release guardian (female only) Bequeath personal property by will [Statutory] At 21: Release guardian (male) Own land [Some states allowed females to own land at 18. Not clear if VA was or was not one of them] Devise land by will Full poll responsibility for taxes Plead or sue in court Be naturalized Fill public office Serve on jury Vote Another age that might help us is the minimum age to sign a petition, if there was one. Apparently, it was not 21 as the Library of Congress states on its website. There was at least one complaint from an Anglican that Baptists were having infants [minors] sign their petitions

In a message dated 05/26/2001 3:38:09 PM Central Daylight Time, Griff63@hotmail.com writes: << as a moulder. What type of profession is this? I was told by family members that he was a blacksmith. >> MOULDER - maker of molds or castings, brickmaker http://cpcug.org/user/jlacombe/terms.html <A HREF="http://cpcug.org/user/jlacombe/terms.html">A List of Occupations</A>

Very probably one who made molds from wet, fine sand, into which molten iron was poured, and often oversaw the pouring in order that there be no bubbles of empty spaces in the finished metal. Some blacksmiths became moulders, if there were such opportunities where they lived. Others left molding (usually worked for someone else) to return to the blacksmithing, that an inexpensive business into which one might enter if he had the knowldge. ----- Original Message ----- From: "Kimberly Griffin" <Griff63@hotmail.com> To: <VA-SOUTHSIDE-L@rootsweb.com> Sent: Saturday, May 26, 2001 3:37 PM Subject: Unidentified subject! > Greetings to all! > > My relative is listed on the 1883-1889 Danville city directory as a moulder. What type of profession is this? I was told by family members that he was a blacksmith. > > > Thanks, > > KimGet more from the Web. FREE MSN Explorer download : http://explorer.msn.com > > > ==== VA-SOUTHSIDE Mailing List ==== > Hosted by Rootsweb http://www.rootsweb.com > > > ============================== > Search over 1 Billion names at Ancestry.com! > http://www.ancestry.com/rd/rwlist1.asp >

Greetings to all! My relative is listed on the 1883-1889 Danville city directory as a moulder. What type of profession is this? I was told by family members that he was a blacksmith. Thanks, KimGet more from the Web. FREE MSN Explorer download : http://explorer.msn.com

Divining Rod , I used them many times, was quite good at it, for a piece of wood, must be the right kind, to find water. That was my first thought but it seems that I have seen or heard that word somewhere besides here. Keep digging. AND those Rods were passed down in family DAD had his Grgrandfathers. Water was important.. I do not find a farmer having a dictionary odd, remember a farmer may not have been farmer before family came to US. Especially if he also had books.. I remember when researching in Greene Co PA a searcher said, I am looking for Mr. Gallentine the Senator, That man is a farmer, he can not be whom I am looking for. Well, it was who they were looking for, in those days they still had to earn a living. SusiCP

In a message dated 5/25/01 12:34:33 PM, ssmurphy5@hotmail.com writes: << I have a question for all you well-informed, helpful individuals out there. I have come across a record in a court order book for PE County for the Jan. Court of 1770. It references bounding out an individual, who was an apprentice, from St. Patrick's Parish. I do happen to know that this particular family has many blacksmith's in it. Now whether this individual was a blacksmith or not, I don't know. My question is how old might this individual, who was apparently already an apprentice, be? Any rough ideas??? (Come on, Paul...I know you know this!) >> Hello Shelly and List, A young man could be apprenticed at any age, especially if he were weaned from his mother, and could perform tasks at the assigned area of apprenticeship. Child labor laws were not in effect at these early years. The apprentisor had to provide food and lodging, and education during the youngsters tenure, which generally ended when he reached his majority, usually at the age of 21. One of my ancestors was apprenticed at the age of 12, and his brother at the age of 8, in North Carolina, which did not vary much from Virginia law. Although the apprentisor gained some benefits from his charge, the purpose of the apprenticeship was to protect the child from being without proper supervision (from a male, as women did not enjoy the same rights, in most instances) and to provide the child with training to allow him to provide for himself and his family when he married or began his life on his own; and the courts oversaw the care that the youngsters received from their master. A parent could choose to allow his children to be apprenticed, as this was a way of providing for the child's future; in the case of the death of the child's father, a determination of whether or not an estate was left by the father, and if there were estate to be protected for the benifit of the child, a guardian was appointed by the court; if no estate, then apprenticeship was considered to be the only recourse.

Thanks again to all that answered my query-looks like I am OK for now. Many thanks and happy hunting! Donna

Also, about the 19th regiment VA Militia (John Ambler's), the Iberian publishing company publishes a detailed register of the units from VA and their members, I forget the exact name of the paper-back but this is my source. Regards, W.S. Schermerhorn, psidiver@mindspring.com Ruby Pruitt wrote: > Could someone tell me where in Virginia in the War of > 1812 the 19th Regiment, Ambler's was? Thanks Ruby > > __________________________________________________ > Do You Yahoo!? > Yahoo! Auctions - buy the things you want at great prices > http://auctions.yahoo.com/ > > ==== VA-SOUTHSIDE Mailing List ==== > USGenWeb Archives Census Project > http://www.rootsweb.com/~usgenweb/census/ > > ============================== > Search over 1 Billion names at Ancestry.com! > http://www.ancestry.com/rd/rwlist1.asp

This unit was a Richmond Virginia/Henrico County based militia unit, my understanding was that it was only called out several times, camped outside of Richmond, once to Norfolk and once to defend South toward Williamsburg. My 2nd great grandfather John Pool Schermerhorn (a Richmond potter), was in this unit. I'm away from my library this evening or I'd offer more detail. Regards, W.S. Schermerhorn, psidiver@mindspring.com Ruby Pruitt wrote: > Could someone tell me where in Virginia in the War of > 1812 the 19th Regiment, Ambler's was? Thanks Ruby > > __________________________________________________ > Do You Yahoo!? > Yahoo! Auctions - buy the things you want at great prices > http://auctions.yahoo.com/ > > ==== VA-SOUTHSIDE Mailing List ==== > USGenWeb Archives Census Project > http://www.rootsweb.com/~usgenweb/census/ > > ============================== > Search over 1 Billion names at Ancestry.com! > http://www.ancestry.com/rd/rwlist1.asp

We should all be much more careful in our assumptions and glib generalities having to do with "legal" ages here and there across the centuries. At one time or another, in one or more colonies/states or in still others, the ages of 9, 11, 12, 14, 16, 18 and 21 have been determined to be variously necessary for marriages, appearances in court, preferences as to guardians and next friends, criminal charges, voting, jury service, ownership of land, and - as we all know - such modern matters as drivers' permits, intoxicating liquor, tobacco and dancing. AND, equally important, courts have ALWAYS had the discretion, power and authority to make exceptions to virtually every one of those age requirements. So, in all matters of "legal age" or "majority" good researchers should consider the date, the place, the law of THAT day, and whether or not some court may have granted an exception in that instance. Let's all quit advising newcomers that some general rule describes the law in all cases; it simply ain't so. Paul

Does anyone know what the initials P.A.C.S. after the name of a Surgeon mean? Provisional Army Confederate States. This was a designation used primarily as the armies were getting organized early in the war. John Rigdon ResearchOnLine http://www.researchonline.net

Could someone tell me where in Virginia in the War of 1812 the 19th Regiment, Ambler's was? Thanks Ruby __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Yahoo! Auctions - buy the things you want at great prices http://auctions.yahoo.com/

Forgive me if I am not supposed to post a question like this here but I do not know anything about viruses or how they work. I did receive the attachment with the virus but I deleted it without opening it. Does the virus only do damage if the attachment is opened? Thanks for any help Donna

I have a case where the Caroline Court in 1739 ordered a four-year old bound out as an apprentice on a petition from the mother, even though the father was still alive. One source states that it was not unusual for parents who could not afford an education for their children to apprentice them.

"The Source," published by Ancestry.com has a table of ages for legal actions. The data was extracted from several legal references. It lists the common-law age for witnessing documents as the age of discretion, 14 for males, 12 for females. There is no note of an overriding VA statute. I did not find one in the colonial statutes covered in Henings. The lawyers can provide further insight. This chapter was written by Arlene H. Eakle.

I just got this one--it'll go out to every unopened piece of mail--including mail from the list--in his/her box. DO NOT OPEN ANYTHING FROM THIS SENDER! n a message dated 05/25/2001 3:18:58 PM Mountain Daylight Time, hujeff@email.msn.com writes: > Subj:Re: Re: [VA-SOUTHSIDE-L] Courting/1700s Traffic Rules > Date:05/25/2001 3:18:58 PM Mountain Daylight Time > From: hujeff@email.msn.com (Hugh Jefferson) > To: KDale60909@aol.com > > File:YOU_are_FAT!.TXT.pif (13312 bytes) DL Time (28800 bps): < 1 minute > > > > 'KDale60909@aol.com' wrote: > ==== > - In a message dated 05/16/2001 2:09:43 PM Mountain Daylight Time, > - jleehunt1@aol.com writes: > - > - > - > but I am assuming that the > - > most litigious beings on the earth (ie , colonial Virginians), simply > - > brought > - > otherwise unsettled "traffic" matters to trial, > - > > - > - They certainly were ligious, weren't they? I often smile to myself when I > - hear someone talk about how Americans are "becoming" litigious. I suppose > the > - major difference is that ...' > > > > Take a look to the attachment. > > > > > >

We must all remember that indentured servitude, though in some ways similar in legal effect, was usually quite separate and distinct in practice from the apprenticeships and agreements to that effect that had to do with boys and young men who were already here and sought to learn a trade. Paul