Thanks for calling attention to the migration site. It illustrates much of what I had observed abt. my Yankee ancestors: CT, NY (maybe Vt), WI, and finally IA. And the Yankees were shrewd. They got to Wisconsin first and got all the good land. The Germans (one gggrandfather) arrived late and wound up on the hillsides. What that guy went to Iowa, he knew better and wound up with flat, black, rich soil. pat smith brooklyn, ny