This is the knowledge that our ancestors had. It was much more important than reading and writing. LIME 101 - There are two kinds of lime - lime stone, or calcium carbonate, which when it is crushed real fine is called agriculture lime. This is the usual lime put on fields. It is slowly dissolved by the carbonic acid that rain makes as it passes through the carbon dioxide in the air. This carbonic acid releases carbon dioxide from the lime stone into the air, and calcium and magnesium into the soil. This process takes three years, and will go on for a half dozen or so years. It neutralizes the acid in the soil and raises the pH so that sage grass will die, and desirable species will grow. My father always turned up his nose at any farmer who had sage grass in his field, as he was too degenerate to lime it. Fescue is the only grass that will grow on acid shale without lime, and it isn’t very nutritious. If you kiln lime stone it becomes calcium oxide monohydrate. It is called quick lime, or hydrated lime, and is much more alkali and will eat up organic material much like lye. In fact, the early settlers called it lye, just as they also called leachate of wood ashes, which was potassium hydroxide, lye. Lye to us of course is sodium hydroxide. Quick lime is used sparingly on gardens, and works immediately, hence the name Quick lime. It is too expensive to use in fields.

My GGrandfather was Spencer White Warren of Washington Co, VA 1855-1938. He married Margaret Roberts. Their daughter Sarah E. Warren 1880-1961 was raised in TX. She was my grandmother. Spencer's parents were William Warren 1824-1902 and Tarisa J. White 1828-1893. His grandparents were Basil Warren 1783-1855 and Margaret Clark 1785-1858. Basil's father was George Warren 1755-1809. Am interested in any info. but especially any other children of Spencer and Maggie. They supposedly had another daughter who was the mother of Ann Sheridan the movie star in the 40's. Her real name was Clara Lou Sheridan. She was raised in TX also

Hi, Guys! John is correct. Except for his understandably eastern bias! In the west, most land is alkaline, and about the worst thing you can do to your lawn is put lime on it when you plant grass. That's why you see all of us locals laughing when a recent immigrant from the beautiful, wet, green east does just that on our dry, brown, alkaline soil! (By the way, I'm a native Virginian.) Incidentally, for those of you who are interested, that old fire bird, Edmund Ruffin (of VA), who claimed to have fired the first shot at Fort Sumpter in 1861, was famous for having developed the lime method for reclaiming the old, worn-out farmland that existed in eastern Virginia at the time of the Civil War. There are many articles about this in the historical magazines. Until that time, worn out farm land was abandoned and the farmer moved west. The overgrown Wilderness, where the battle took place, was such an area. Tom Robertson Escondido, CA ------------------------------------------------------------------------ > Subject: Re: The use of Lime in farming > Date: Sat, 19 Dec 1998 14:06:46 -0500 > From: "John Hamilton" <johnrhamilton@mindspring.com> > To: SW_VA-L@rootsweb.com > > Adding lime to the garden raises the pH. Most soil tends to be acid and most > vegetables like a soil that has a PH level close to neutral (7.0). Burn or > pulverized lime is more dissolvable by the soil than crushed lime. > > I believe that burnt lime has been used as cement since Roman times. > > We need the chemist folks to help , there may be a temperature factor for > whether the lime is to be used just for agriculture or cement. > > John

This is sorta off the subject, but maybe not too far. I ran across an interesting article about limestone in an old history book about the Romans. All those lovely lovely statues and marble buildings that proclaimed the glory of ancient Rome -- Mostly were destroyed in the Middle Ages to make lime!! Folks too lazy to go quarry their own marble and/or limestone love' joan

Adding lime to the garden raises the pH. Most soil tends to be acid and most vegetables like a soil that has a PH level close to neutral (7.0). Burn or pulverized lime is more dissolvable by the soil than crushed lime. I believe that burnt lime has been used as cement since Roman times. We need the chemist folks to help , there may be a temperature factor for whether the lime is to be used just for agriculture or cement. John -----Original Message----- From: Edgar A. Howard - Sysop <ehowrd77@m9.sprynet.com> To: SW_VA-L@rootsweb.com <SW_VA-L@rootsweb.com> Date: Saturday, December 19, 1998 12:26 Subject: The use of Lime in farming >Friends, > > Consider the following. It is not strictly genealogy but relates to >primative farming. The question as to why ancestors moved so much >has been raised. The 'fatigue' of the soil is an important point. > >ALEX STEWART Portrait of a Pioneer >By John Rice Irwin >Pg. 117 > > "You need good hard wood to burn lime, hickory >or oak. You've also got to get the right kind of >rock to make lime. You want a certain kind of >limestone. Not too hard. They's a kind of >limestone that's mixed up with flint and it won't >burn into lime. We call it bastard rock. > > "You take the right kind of limestone and bust >it up into five or ten pound rocks and put them >in your kiln and get your fire right hot. It >takes two men to fire a kiln and it'll take 24 >hours to make a run. You have to have the fire >awfully, terribly, hot and you can smell the rock >when it starts burning. Them rocks will go into >ashes, just like wood ashes in your fireplace, >except they're whiter. > "When you was up on the ridge tuther day, to >get my old log house, you passed an old lime kiln >where they burned a man up. His name was Creech. >Some fellers got into a disagreement with him and >they killed him and burned him in the kiln. Uncle >Pert Coins, that was Grandpap's uncle, said that >place was hainted (haunted) and him and Grandpap >wouldn't come by there of a night because the >haints had got after them. They'd go ten miles >out of their way before they'd go by that old >lime kiln." What uses did you have for lime, >other than tanning leather? > "Oh, the biggest thing we used it for was on >the crops. Hit's a heap better than fertilizer, >and it'll last for at least six or seven years. >They's nothing that will make a pasture grow like >burnt lime. You get a heap better results than >from this here crushed lime. When you're putting >it on your row crops, don't put it to close. It's >high-powered stuff and it'll kill your corn and >stuff if you put it too close. But talk about >growing; buddy you put a little of that burnt >lime on your garden and just set back and watch >it come from there." Any other uses for lime! > "We used it to make cement, and we used it >around toilets in later years. People kept a >little bag of lime in their privies, and every >once in a while they'd throw a handful down in >the pit. That would keep the odor down, and it'd >keep the flies away. You can put a pound or two >of lime in your vat when you're heating water to >scald hogs, and that will help make the hair come. > "I've used lime to whitewash fruit trees. Take >your lime and mix it with water and paint your >apple trees and peach trees up about two or three >feet high. That keeps the rabbits, goats, and >everything else from eating the outside bark and >killing the tree.” > > I recall using lime for the garden and field and in the privies. > > Would some knowledgable person please explain >what the lime did for the soil and what the >chemical process was that occurred during the >"burning of the limestone." > >-eddie > > > >==== SW_VA Mailing List ==== >#7 "Roll Calls" or such by other names are to be called >by the SYSOP ONLY. NO WARNINGS!! Each member is free to post their >SURNAMES anytime they please. >

Merry Christmas to all, I am looking for connections to the following families who were in Tazewell Co from at least 1800: Joseph McGUIRE b cir 1774 in Va and married Elizabeth Brown, d/o James and Ester Goff BROWN. Known children of this union were James b cir 1800 m Elizabeth (Betsy) Brown 1821,~~ Sarah (Betsy) b cir 1800 m John M LOCKHART 1822, ~~ Cornelius b 1804 m Margaret STEELE 1825, ~~ Elijah b 1809 m Elizabeth CLAYPOOL 1832 ~~ William b 1812 m Rachel WINGO 1836, ~~ John Nealy b 1814 m Mary (Polly) ASBERRY 1844, ~~ and Evaline b 1817 m Joseph MAYS. My direct line decends through Cornelius and Margaret Steele, on paternal and maternal sides. I am especially interested in determining the parents of Joseph . He does not seen to belong to William McGuire and Mary Shirley who were also in Tazewell Co at this time period. But he was most likely related to William, maybe a cousin or uncle. Any and all help will be appreciated. I do not have a lot on this family, but will I wil gladly share what I do have. Thanks. Linda in Tampa Genealogy - Always looking for HUNNELL , CRUEY , PUCKETT , LAMBERT , DUFF , MCGUIRE , HARRIS , HARRISON , TATUM , & STEEL(E) in SW Va .

Friends, Consider the following. It is not strictly genealogy but relates to primative farming. The question as to why ancestors moved so much has been raised. The 'fatigue' of the soil is an important point. ALEX STEWART Portrait of a Pioneer By John Rice Irwin Pg. 117 "You need good hard wood to burn lime, hickory or oak. You've also got to get the right kind of rock to make lime. You want a certain kind of limestone. Not too hard. They's a kind of limestone that's mixed up with flint and it won't burn into lime. We call it bastard rock. "You take the right kind of limestone and bust it up into five or ten pound rocks and put them in your kiln and get your fire right hot. It takes two men to fire a kiln and it'll take 24 hours to make a run. You have to have the fire awfully, terribly, hot and you can smell the rock when it starts burning. Them rocks will go into ashes, just like wood ashes in your fireplace, except they're whiter. "When you was up on the ridge tuther day, to get my old log house, you passed an old lime kiln where they burned a man up. His name was Creech. Some fellers got into a disagreement with him and they killed him and burned him in the kiln. Uncle Pert Coins, that was Grandpap's uncle, said that place was hainted (haunted) and him and Grandpap wouldn't come by there of a night because the haints had got after them. They'd go ten miles out of their way before they'd go by that old lime kiln." What uses did you have for lime, other than tanning leather? "Oh, the biggest thing we used it for was on the crops. Hit's a heap better than fertilizer, and it'll last for at least six or seven years. They's nothing that will make a pasture grow like burnt lime. You get a heap better results than from this here crushed lime. When you're putting it on your row crops, don't put it to close. It's high-powered stuff and it'll kill your corn and stuff if you put it too close. But talk about growing; buddy you put a little of that burnt lime on your garden and just set back and watch it come from there." Any other uses for lime! "We used it to make cement, and we used it around toilets in later years. People kept a little bag of lime in their privies, and every once in a while they'd throw a handful down in the pit. That would keep the odor down, and it'd keep the flies away. You can put a pound or two of lime in your vat when you're heating water to scald hogs, and that will help make the hair come. "I've used lime to whitewash fruit trees. Take your lime and mix it with water and paint your apple trees and peach trees up about two or three feet high. That keeps the rabbits, goats, and everything else from eating the outside bark and killing the tree.” I recall using lime for the garden and field and in the privies. Would some knowledgable person please explain what the lime did for the soil and what the chemical process was that occurred during the "burning of the limestone." -eddie

Anyone have something on a Catherine GOBBLE md. John C. FLEENOR abt. 1779 . I need her parents. They came from Frederick, Md. to Wash. Co. VA on the North Fork. -eddie

Hello, I am looking for information on the following families. Any information will be appreciated. The Strattons came to Floyd Cty. Ky about 1796 from Amhearst Cty. VA. Generation1 SOLOMON1 STRATTON1 was born 1745, and died Bef. 1818. He married JANE WITTEN. Generation 2 . OLD TANDY2 STRATTON (SOLOMON1)1 was born 1776, and died 1827. He married MILLIE. Generation 3 . SOLOMON HUNTER3 STRATTON (OLD TANDY2, SOLOMON1)1 was born 1796, and died 1882. He married JENNIE Generation 4 CATHERINE ELIZABETH4 STRATTON (SOLOMON HUNTER3, OLD TANDY2, SOLOMON1) was born 1825, and died 1863. She married WILLIAM JAMES BRANHAM, son of ISHAM BRANHAM and LUCY HALL. Generation 5 MILLIE5 BRANHAM2,3, b. January 17, 1841, Floyd Cty. KY; m. (1) EDWARD L. BURCHETT; m. (2) THOMAS RAGER BURCHETT4, June 15, 1867. Thank you for any additional information any of you may be able to contribute. Sandy Merritt

-----Original Message----- From: JudyAlley@aol.com <JudyAlley@aol.com> To: SW_VA-L@rootsweb.com <SW_VA-L@rootsweb.com> Date: Wednesday, December 16, 1998 1:06 PM Subject: history In June 1994 (I believe that's the right date) a group that included some of the survivors from that famous Bedford, VA. group traveled back to France and spent a week of celebration there. Greg Edwards, then with the Rke Times, now with the Times Dispatch, accompanied the group there was extensive coverage in the Rke. Times about the event which I'm sure is in that paper's archives if anyone cares to explore the event further. >I came across an interesting article about a SWVA town and thought I would >share it with you since in a short time it will be history of the previous >century. > >People's Magazine 1/9/1998, page 61-62: >Bedford, Virginia has the grim distinction of having suffered the highest per- >capita >D-Day causalities of any town in the country! There is a brass and granite >monument to the men of Company A, an infantry unit whose ordeal on Omaha beach >helped inspire the harrowing portrayal of D-Day in the movie "Saving Private >Ryan" >Soldiers from Bedford and nearby mountain towns played a crucial part in the >battle. Of 35 local resident who went ashore with Company A on 6 June 1944, 19 >died in the first 15 minutes and 2 more were dead before sundown. Those brave >men took part in the largest air, land and sea battle ever fought. >73 year old Bob Slaughter, (who was inducted into the US Army on his 16th >birthday) recalls staggering onto Omaha Beach that morning and feels this >event was too important to forget. Today, he has come tantalizingly close to >ensuring the people of Bedford and the country, will have a lasting reminder >of the event. In 1997, Slaughter oversaw the groundbreaking for a $12 million >National D-Day Memorial and Education Center that will overlook the town of >Bedford from a nearby mountain. It includes an 88 acre park with statues, a >waterfall and a triumphal arch. It is scheduled to be opened on 6 June 2000. > > >==== SW_VA Mailing List ==== >#4 Chain letters, gossip, non-genealogical notes, commercial ads, pleas for help, etc. are >PROHIBITED on this List. Violators will be promptly locked out. -sysop > >

I do not add surnames if some one just lists those they are researching unless they specifically ask that they be added to the Surname DataBase. Fred P.

Is there anything in the New or Old Cemetery books about Green Chapel Cemetery in the York Church area of Jonesville? It's very small and only has one or two legible tombstones. My g-g-g-g-g grandfather, Daniel HYDEN, lived right across the Powell River from this cemetery. He died Nov. 12, 1847, and I'm wondering if he might be buried there. Don Hyden ___________________________________________________________________ You don't need to buy Internet access to use free Internet e-mail. Get completely free e-mail from Juno at http://www.juno.com/getjuno.html or call Juno at (800) 654-JUNO [654-5866]

WE JUST BOMBED BAGDAD!!!!!1111 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ USGenWeb County Coordinator for: VA Roanoke Co., Roanoke City, and Salem City at: http://www.rootsweb.com/~varoanok/index.html Roanoke Co., VA Mailing List at: VAROANOK-L@rootsweb.com USGenWEB County Coordinator for: Wood Co., WV at: http://www.rootsweb.com/~wvwood/indexa.htm *****NEW!!! WVWOOD-L@ROOTSWEB.COM ~~~~NEW MAILING LIST OWNER FOR: KINZER-L@ROOTSWEB.COM Visit my Home Pages at: http://www.familytreemaker.com/users/h/e/a/Diana-K-Heath/index.htm AND http://www.angelfire.com/fl/HeathHouse/index.html PROUD ROOTSWEB SPONSOR.... @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ @ AMERICAN BY BIRTH, @ @DAUGHTER OF THE MOUNTAINS@ @ BY THE GRACE of GOD...dkh @ @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@

I came across an interesting article about a SWVA town and thought I would share it with you since in a short time it will be history of the previous century. People's Magazine 1/9/1998, page 61-62: Bedford, Virginia has the grim distinction of having suffered the highest per- capita D-Day causalities of any town in the country! There is a brass and granite monument to the men of Company A, an infantry unit whose ordeal on Omaha beach helped inspire the harrowing portrayal of D-Day in the movie "Saving Private Ryan" Soldiers from Bedford and nearby mountain towns played a crucial part in the battle. Of 35 local resident who went ashore with Company A on 6 June 1944, 19 died in the first 15 minutes and 2 more were dead before sundown. Those brave men took part in the largest air, land and sea battle ever fought. 73 year old Bob Slaughter, (who was inducted into the US Army on his 16th birthday) recalls staggering onto Omaha Beach that morning and feels this event was too important to forget. Today, he has come tantalizingly close to ensuring the people of Bedford and the country, will have a lasting reminder of the event. In 1997, Slaughter oversaw the groundbreaking for a $12 million National D-Day Memorial and Education Center that will overlook the town of Bedford from a nearby mountain. It includes an 88 acre park with statues, a waterfall and a triumphal arch. It is scheduled to be opened on 6 June 2000.

I'm new to the group, and new to geneology, but very excited about the prospects of learning more about my line. Looking for information on Thomas FLETCHER (born 4/8/1793, died 3/10/1884 in New Garden, VA) who married Rachel THOMPSON (born 3/20/1794, died 8/2/1871 in New Garden, VA). They had at least seven sons. The seventh son was Larkin FLETCHER (born 6/10/1830 or 1832, in New Garden, Virginia, died 1919 in Pomeroyton, Kentucky, Menifee County. Another son was named Isaac FLETCHER. Isaac and Larkin joined (in New Garden, Virginia on 5/2/1861) and fought in the civil war. There were five other FLETCHER's that enlisted on 5/2/1861 at New Garden (Cummings G, John L, Lilburn, Milton J, William N) Does New Garden Virginia exist today? I'm looking for information regarding Thomas FLETCHER's parents and Rachel THOMPSON's parents. I'm also looking for information about Thomas FLETCHER's other children and more information on Isaac Fletcher. Are the seven FLETCHER's that enlisted on the same day at the same town the seven sons of Thomas FLETCHER? Thanks for any help you could offer. Keith Jones

Names I am researching: Thompson, Jackson, Combs, Rasnick, Litton, Counts, Crabtree Skeen Thank you, Nancy Lambert

Looking for info about Henry Wade b: ca. 1801 married in Franklin Co., Mary Gillespie b: ca. 1799. Children, Owen, Oma, Nancy, Robert, Mary. I know Owen married and had his family in Scott Co. Would like info about Robert or Mary's descendants. Robert married Eliza J. Speer, Mary married Leondias S. Rhoton. Thanks, Dani Wade Clark BTW, This is by far my favorite of all the lists I subscribe to!

Names I am researching: REYNOLDS Asa SHELTON Thomas NAPIER N. Francis COLEMAN Maud ALLEN Elizabeth HURST Neva :-) Deborah Shelton Wood

Diana: Try the web page: http://www.familytreemaker.com/users/b/e/c/Robert-E-Beck/ODT1-0001.html Robert Beck has the Descendants of James Blevins, who was b. 1775, etc. Lila of VA On Tue, 15 Dec 1998 01:21:42 EST MICROMANXX@aol.com writes: >Hello to all ! > > My aunt Helen has been trying to find any information about her >father, >WALTER BLEVINS of Wise Co, VA. He married 1st - to -Gracie Lemons and >had a >set of twins: Lola Mae Blevins and Lloyd Blevins 11-1907. Gracie 's >mother >was Laura Belle Lyons Lemons. Gracie Lemons Blevins died of the flu >about >1913. Walter married 2) on 2-11-1919 to Mary McClellan, b. 2-4-1894; >d about >1968 in Ohio. >They lived in Banner. Children of Walter Blevins and Mary McClellan >Blevins >are: > i) Bertha Blevins b. 6-28-1920 > ii) Anna Blevins, b. 3-4-1921 > iii) Lois Blevins, b. 3-28-1923, died young > iv) Clifford Blevins, b. 11-10-1925 > v) Wilma Blevins, b. 11-13-1927 > vi) Ann Jean Blevins (always went by Jean), b. 5-3-1929 > vii) Paul Blevins, b. 8-27-1932 > If anyone has any possible help to locate these folks, it would be >most >appreciated. >Many thanks!! >Diana Boggs Mullens >Micromanxx@AOL.com >Microman@LRBCG.com > > >==== SW_VA Mailing List ==== >#1 When you have a new email address please UNSUBSCRIBE from the >old BEFORE you lose it; and SUBCRIBE from the NEW address as soon >as you get access to it. If you fail to do this please send the >old and new address to: ehoward@conknet.com and the Mailing List >name >-sysop > > ___________________________________________________________________ You don't need to buy Internet access to use free Internet e-mail. Get completely free e-mail from Juno at http://www.juno.com/getjuno.html or call Juno at (800) 654-JUNO [654-5866]

Eddie, this is the second time I have read one of your letters to your darlin romena, I feel that I know her as well as you now. haha. -----Original Message----- From: Edgar A. Howard - Sysop <ehowrd77@m9.sprynet.com> To: SW_VA-L@rootsweb.com <SW_VA-L@rootsweb.com> Date: Tuesday, December 15, 1998 9:36 AM Subject: My Sweetie, Sweetie! My Lovely, Wonderful, Beautiful Babe, You ugly, lousy, ole bag!! <lol> I'm getting up at exactly 9 every morning. That's good. If I would quit running around late at night. I would be fine. I must give up wild women.<g> I'm going to shower, go for laundry and a hair cut. I should be home by noon or 12:30. I guess you made your weekly pilgramage to the WalMart.<g> Did Emma play her "game" this morning.<g> She was so cute. Brushing you aside for a little game!<lol> That is terrible!! <g> I hope we can watch the rest of the Ben Hur today, or tonight without "interruption".<ss> ARE YOU TRYING TO KILL ME!!!!! HE IS _NOT_ DEAD!!!! Write me when you get home. You slimey slut! With loving kindness and deep affection, for a lovely lady. eddie ==== SW_VA Mailing List ==== #8 Anyone interested and researching SW VA and Appalachian history might be interested in the Fincastle History Forum list. Contact Edgar at ehoward@conknet.com or swvaroot@swva.net for a copy of the rules.