This is a MIME Encoded Message --=_--- Content-Type: text/plain Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit ---- Forwarded message from lists@sog.org.uk attached ---- --=_--- Content-Type: message/rfc822 Return-Path: <listadmin-bounces@rootsweb.com> Received: from punt3.mail.demon.net by mailstore for lists@socgen-adsl.demon.co.uk id 1F6akg-0VPknw-01-FY9; Tue, 07 Feb 2006 21:51:58 +0000 Received: from [194.217.242.211] (lhlo=lon1-hub.mail.demon.net) by punt3.mail.demon.net with lmtp id 1F6akg-0VPknw-01 for lists@socgen-adsl.demon.co.uk; Tue, 07 Feb 2006 21:51:58 +0000 Received: from [212.53.64.112] (helo=coumail03.netbenefit.co.uk) by lon1-hub.mail.demon.net with esmtp id 1F6akg-0006r2-Lz for lists@socgen-adsl.demon.co.uk; Tue, 07 Feb 2006 21:51:58 +0000 Received: from mailmap by coumail03.netbenefit.co.uk with spam-scanned (NetBenefit 2.0) id 1F6akf-0002ZF-5C for lists@sog.org.uk; Tue, 07 Feb 2006 21:51:58 +0000 X-Spam-Checker-Version: SpamAssassin 3.1.0 (2005-09-13) on coumail03.netbenefit.co.uk X-Spam-Status: No, score=0.0 required=5.0 tests=UNPARSEABLE_RELAY autolearn=disabled version=3.1.0 X-Spam-Level: Received: from mailmap by coumail03.netbenefit.co.uk with foot_add (NetBenefit 2.0) id 1F6akf-0002Z8-3n for lists@sog.org.uk; Tue, 07 Feb 2006 21:51:57 +0000 Received: from lists8.rootsweb.com ([66.43.27.27]:33731) by coumail03.netbenefit.co.uk with esmtp (NetBenefit 2.0) id 1F6ake-0002XM-OM for lists@sog.org.uk; Tue, 07 Feb 2006 21:51:57 +0000 Received: (from slist@localhost) by lists8.rootsweb.com (8.12.10/8.12.8) id k17LprKJ006537 for SOG-UK-admin@lists8.rootsweb.com; Tue, 7 Feb 2006 14:51:53 -0700 Date: Tue, 7 Feb 2006 14:51:53 -0700 X-From_: Brian.Randell@ncl.ac.uk Tue Feb 7 14:51:53 2006 Received: from mail.rootsweb.com (mail.rootsweb.com [192.168.65.34]) by lists8.rootsweb.com (8.12.10/8.12.8) with ESMTP id k17LprfE006523 for <SOG-UK-L@lists8.rootsweb.com>; Tue, 7 Feb 2006 14:51:53 -0700 Received: from asmtp-out5.blueyonder.co.uk (asmtp-out5.blueyonder.co.uk [195.188.213.64]) by mail.rootsweb.com (8.13.4/8.13.4) with ESMTP id k17LpmH6030724 for <SOG-UK-L@rootsweb.com>; Tue, 7 Feb 2006 14:51:48 -0700 Received: from [82.39.45.180] (helo=[10.0.1.2]) by asmtp-out5.blueyonder.co.uk with esmtp (Exim 4.52) id 1F6akX-0000eL-Gk for SOG-UK-L@rootsweb.com; Tue, 07 Feb 2006 21:51:49 +0000 Mime-Version: 1.0 Message-Id: <a0623090ac00ebc04d4ca@[10.0.1.2]> Old-Date: Tue, 7 Feb 2006 21:11:40 +0000 To: SOG-UK-L@rootsweb.com From: Brian Randell <Brian.Randell@ncl.ac.uk> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" ; format="flowed" X-Scanned-By: MIMEDefang 2.52 on 192.168.65.34 X-Diagnostic: Not on the accept list Subject: {not a subscriber} Chalders of Coals London X-Envelope-To: SOG-UK-L X-NB-Virus-Scan: virus-free X-NB-Seen: kkOVnsgfYUh1 X-Mailmap-To: lists@sog.org.uk Hi: I'm currently extracting entries concerning coastal voyages of Clovelly sailing ships from some early 18th century Port Books for Padstow, Cornwall held at the National Archives, Kew. I undertook a similar exercise using Bideford Port books some time ago - the results are at: http://genuki.cs.ncl.ac.uk/DEV/Clovelly/PortBooks.html Lots of the Padstow entries concern arrivals from across the Bristol Channel, from Neath in particular, with "chalders of coal". (Chalder is I find from the OED an "obsolete dry measure of capacity [which for coal] varied from 32 to 64 imperial bushels".) However, the description of the cargo often takes a form such as "20 chalders of Coals London". I don't think this relates to London as an ultimate destination for the coal - I'm pretty sure the sailing ships used would not have undertaken voyages to London. That I assume had to await a further century and the coming of steam - and I wondered whether it refers to a type of coal. (Another typical cargo description might be "10 chalders of coal & 5 chalders of culm", i.e. contain no mention of London - culm is I understand anthracite.) Can anyone suggest the meaning of such references to London? (A colleague wondered whether London related to the unit of measure, rather than the type of coal.) Cheers Brian Randell -- School of Computing Science, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK EMAIL = Brian.Randell@ncl.ac.uk PHONE = +44 191 222 7923 FAX = +44 191 222 8232 URL = http://www.cs.ncl.ac.uk/~brian.randell/ This email has been scanned for viruses by NetBenefit using Sophos anti-virus technology --=_-----