According to Peter and Fionna Frey, A History of Ireland, p. 324: "...on Easter Monday, 1949 (an Act) created the Republic of Ireland, outside the Commonwealth." Ireland history websites Presented without evaluation or endorsement http://www.fortunecity.com/bally/sligo/93/past/famine/index.htm http://www.niceone.com/irl/subcat/28/1/0/0/Archaeology.html http://www.academicinfo.net/histirish.html http://members.tripod.com/~JerryDesmond/index-2.html http://www.emeraldgolf.com/music/history/rights.html http://www.goireland.ie/low/visitorsguide/Land.htm http://kinsella.org/history/hist18.htm http://www.fortunecity.com/bally/sligo/93/past/history/19141919.html http://www.emeraldgolf.com/music/history/vikings.html My personal favorite is www.vms.utexas.edu/~jdana/irehist.html Ellen Tony Riordan wrote: > > Today I got some documents relating to the US citizenship of my > grandfather, Daniel Baldwin, immigrant from Kilrossanty Parish, Co. > Waterford. They provided some inaccurate information, some great > information which answered some of my questions, and something which > raises another question. > > The first document is his "Declaration of Intention," dated 3 Jan 1933. > It had his address, occupation, physical description, race ("Irish"), > nationality ("British") Birthplace ("Co. Waterford Ireland") Date of > birth for himself, his wife, son and daughter (every one incorrect - he > stated that he was born 13 months after the day he was baptized). It > also included his photograph. The information I appreciated most was > that it included the date he arrived in the US, the ship's name and port > of departure. The ship "Majestic," left Queenstown and arrived in New > York City on 25 Oct. 1897. > > The second document, the "Petition for Citizenship," included much of > the same information as the Declaration of Intention, was dated 26 July > 1935. > > The third document was his signed "Oath of Allegiance" his signature, on > 18 Nov. 1935. It stated that citizenship was granted, and gave his > certificate of citizenship (which I already had) number. > > The question which these last two documents raises is that, in 1935, > long after Irish political independence, his nationality is still called > "British." In particular, his oath of allegiance included the words: > > "... I absolutely and entirely renounce and abjure all allegiance and > fidelity to any foreign prince, potentate, state, or sovereignty, and > particularly to George V., by the Grace of God of Great Britain and > Ireland and the British Dominions beyond the Seas. King, Defender of > the Faith, Emperor of India." > > Did not the US recognize that the place of his birth and the place where > he had for his entire life before coming to the US was in 1935 Ireland, > a Sovereign Republic? I believe that the Irish government was > recognized by that time by the US government, didn't it? > > Or was he considered forever a British subject because he was one when > he left Ireland in 1897? > > Best wishes, > Tony Riordan > triordan@msn.com > > ==== SHAMROCK Mailing List ==== > **Civil Registration began in Ireland > in 1864. Before that time, you will > need to access parish registers. See > http://community.webtv.net/mpetzolt2/helpfulhints **