Hello SC genealogists. I have looked on all the maps and cannot find a town or any other kind of location called MT. MEIGS. Can anyone inform me please? Thanks, Carole

--WebTV-Mail-8193-36 Content-Type: Text/Plain; Charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7Bit Hi Have any of you seen this site --WebTV-Mail-8193-36 Content-Disposition: Inline Content-Type: Message/RFC822 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7Bit Received: from smtpin-101-6.bryant.webtv.net (209.240.198.40) by storefull-137.iap.bryant.webtv.net with WTV-SMTP; Thu, 28 Sep 2000 11:35:11 -0700 (PDT) Received: by smtpin-101-6.bryant.webtv.net (WebTV_Postfix) id ECF69133; Thu, 28 Sep 2000 11:35:10 -0700 (PDT) Delivered-To: dejays@webtv.net Received: from lists6.rootsweb.com (lists6.rootsweb.com [63.92.80.125]) by smtpin-101-6.bryant.webtv.net (WebTV_Postfix) with ESMTP id 945AF125; Thu, 28 Sep 2000 11:35:09 -0700 (PDT) Received: (from slist@localhost) by lists6.rootsweb.com (8.10.1/8.10.1) id e8SIROn06048; Thu, 28 Sep 2000 11:27:24 -0700 Resent-Date: Thu, 28 Sep 2000 11:27:24 -0700 X-Original-Sender: John_Maass@progressive.com Thu Sep 28 11:27:23 2000 X-Lotus-FromDomain: PROGRESSIVE From: John_Maass@progressive.com Old-To: SCBATTLES-L@rootsweb.com Message-ID: <85256968.00653E0D.00@s65a0384.prci.com> Date: Thu, 28 Sep 2000 14:25:48 -0400 Subject: Palmetteo Conservation Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Disposition: inline Resent-Message-ID: <wEeGjD.A.QeB.L2405@lists6.rootsweb.com> To: SCBATTLES-L@rootsweb.com Resent-From: SCBATTLES-L@rootsweb.com Reply-To: SCBATTLES-L@rootsweb.com X-Mailing-List: <SCBATTLES-L@rootsweb.com> archive/latest/363 X-Loop: SCBATTLES-L@rootsweb.com Precedence: list Resent-Sender: SCBATTLES-L-request@rootsweb.com For those unfamiliar with this South Carolina preservation group, check out www.palmettoconservation.org. They are doing great work in preserving (among other things) S.C. battlefields and military sites, esp. Camden. --WebTV-Mail-8193-36--

--WebTV-Mail-31693-23 Content-Type: Text/Plain; Charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7Bit Hi I saw this on another list.maybe some of you are interested Jean --WebTV-Mail-31693-23 Content-Disposition: Inline Content-Type: Message/RFC822 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7Bit Received: from smtpin-102-6.bryant.webtv.net (209.240.198.43) by storefull-137.iap.bryant.webtv.net with WTV-SMTP; Thu, 28 Sep 2000 19:33:39 -0700 (PDT) Received: by smtpin-102-6.bryant.webtv.net (WebTV_Postfix) id 939721DF; Thu, 28 Sep 2000 19:33:38 -0700 (PDT) Delivered-To: dejays@webtv.net Received: from lists6.rootsweb.com (lists6.rootsweb.com [63.92.80.125]) by smtpin-102-6.bryant.webtv.net (WebTV_Postfix) with ESMTP id ACBFCFB; Thu, 28 Sep 2000 19:33:21 -0700 (PDT) Received: (from slist@localhost) by lists6.rootsweb.com (8.10.1/8.10.1) id e8T2WbX12130; Thu, 28 Sep 2000 19:32:37 -0700 Resent-Date: Thu, 28 Sep 2000 19:32:37 -0700 X-Original-Sender: chicora@bellsouth.net Thu Sep 28 19:32:36 2000 Message-ID: <39D403F9.B0704CF4@bellsouth.net> Date: Thu, 28 Sep 2000 22:52:42 -0400 From: Michael Trinkley <chicora@bellsouth.net> Organization: Chicora Foundation, Inc. X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.7 [en]C-bls40 (Win98; I) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 Old-To: SCBATTLES-L@rootsweb.com Subject: Survey of Civil War Sites in Lowcountry of SC References: <200009281600.e8SG0h324596@lists6.rootsweb.com> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Resent-Message-ID: <jUfPrD.A.V9C.E9_05@lists6.rootsweb.com> To: SCBATTLES-L@rootsweb.com Resent-From: SCBATTLES-L@rootsweb.com Reply-To: SCBATTLES-L@rootsweb.com X-Mailing-List: <SCBATTLES-L@rootsweb.com> archive/latest/365 X-Loop: SCBATTLES-L@rootsweb.com Precedence: list Resent-Sender: SCBATTLES-L-request@rootsweb.com Subscribers may be interested that Chicora Foundation (Columbia, SC) and Historic Preservation Consultants (Charleston, SC) have published "A Survey of Civil War Fortifications in Charleston, Beaufort, Berkeley, Hampton, and Jasper County, South Carolina." The study was funded in part by a National Park Service Survey and Planning Grant administered through the SC Department of Archives and History, the Office of Ocean and Coastal Resources Management, the South Carolina Sea Grant Consortium, the National Trust for Historic Preservation, Beaufort County, the City of Charleston, the Town of Hilton Head Island, and the Town of Mount Pleasant. The study resulted in the identification of 154 sites, 106 of which were located with sufficient certainty to allow the assignment of an archaeological site number. The remaining 48 sites could not be identified in the field, either because the available information was insufficient or because the site had been destroyed. For all identified sites this research provides locational, assessment, and historical background data (only partially included in the public report to ensure the safety of the sites and the privacy of the owners). The research also provides an overview of the condition and preservation efforts to date. Recommendations are offered on preservation approaches and techniques specific to Civil War fortifications. For example, the work reveals that simply because a site is "green spaced" or "avoided" by a project (such as a road or development) does not mean that it has been preserved. We found that many such sites -- some actually on the National Register -- evidence continuing damage. Preservation requires proactive planning -- a practice which receives regrettably little attention or funding. Copies of the report have been widely distributed to public and research libraries throughout South Carolina and may be obtained through interlibrary loan. If anyone wishes to purchase a copy please visit our web site, www.chicora.org for additional information. Best, Michael Trinkley, Ph.D. Director Chicora Foundation, Inc. PO Box 8664 Columbia, SC 29202 www.chicora.org --WebTV-Mail-31693-23--

I'm listing my most wanted folks from these two counties. I apologize for those of you who receive multiple postings. Would appreciate any information and would love to contact other descendants. Leigh Arnold, Aaron b. abt 1754 wife unknown - believed to descend from Richard Arnold b. 1656 wife Sarah Chamberlain of Chester Co., PA possibly related to Aaron Arnold NC Rev vet - known child of Aaron also named Aaron b. abt 1779 West, Simon b, 1784 married Keziah Boiter - believed to descend from John West b. 1705 wife Frances (Osborn?) of Montgomery Co., MD Rogers, Daniel b. abt 1755 wife Sally - in Spartanburg by 1797 children: George, William, Lucretia married Carlton, James, Darling married Bailey, possibly Edmund. unknown origin - not the Daniel who had land on Stephens creek altho may be related - some names in family similar to those in Edgefield - Daniel, Moses, Edmund - George,William(Bud) b. abt 1799 married Nancy Jackson possibly from Colleton or Dorchester Co - known children: Aaron Pinckney George b. 1824 wife Elizabeth Cross of NC - children: Mary, Betsey, Sarah - possibly William John Tarver b. abt 1794 wife Jane Elizabeth unknown - Methodist Minister in Spartanburg and Greenville Counties. children: Clarinda married Jones, Wesley, William, Mollie Lueza married Greer, Matilda, Martha, Frances, Zelpha married Burnett

Southern Researchers: You're invited to attend the following chats: Thursday's Chat Schedule: http://huntsville.about.com/mpchat.htm (subtract 1 hr. for Central; 2 hrs. for Mt.; 3 hours for Pacific time) 7 pm Eastern--RICHARDSON surname 8 pm Eastern--KENTUCKY genealogy (all counties) 9 pm Eastern--SOUTHERN STATES genealogy (all surnames in all Southern States) 10 pm Eastern--Featured State: TENNESSEE genealogy (one time only) All last week's chat transcripts (including last night's) are up now for viewing: http://huntsville.about.com/blrecords.htm If you know someone who missed the chat, please let them know. If you want to respond to something said in the chat, please post your query, question, or remarks in the forum. http://forums.about.com/ab-huntsville If you have friends or list mates who might be interested in any of these chats, please invite them! If anyone needs instructions for the chat or forum, just send me a note. Jean Brandau huntsville2@home.com

Help. I am looking for copies of the Columbia High School, Columbia, S.C. annuals for the years of 1937 -1940. If you have a copy, would you do a look-up for me? I'm hoping to find a picture of my mother who attended Columbia High in this time period. Your help is appreciated. My e-mail address : JoJo122691@aol.com JoAnn

Colleton Co, SC. has many Blockers, but no one seems to be able to connect them. Looking at the census, Stephen seems to have been in Colleton first and then perhaps Jacob (maybe his son). If anyone can add any information about the Blockers, please let me and the list know. BLOCKERS in SC Colonial Census: Only in this census were there more in NC- ours could have come from here. John Blocker -Edgefield Dist SC-1787 Jacob Blocker-Cumberland Co. NC-1755,1767 John Blocker -Bladen Co. NC-1763 Michael Blocker-Edgecombe Co NC-1787 1790 Dorchester ( I think that it included Colleton then) Stephen Blocker 02-01-04-00-00 2 males over 16?, 1 male under, 4 femles Jacob Blocker 01-00-01-00-00- a young man /wife Mrs Blocker 00-01-03-00-00-a Widow There was a Jacob, John, and Michael in Georgetown Dist. SC There was a John and Michael in Edgefield Dist. SC Some of these could be the same people just moving around. 1800 Colleton Co Stephen Blocker 21301-0301 000 This young daughter could be my Sally. 1810 Colleton Co. Stephen Blocker Jacob Blocker John Blocker 1820 no record for Colleton 1830 Colleton Co Benjamin Blocker, Jr. Stephen Blocker Jane Blocker John Blocker, Sr. John Blocker, Jr. One unreadible one who was probably Benjamin, Sr. 1840 Colleton Co. Alfred D. Blocker Benjamin Blocker Daniel Blocker John Blocker Thomas Blocker BLOCKERS in Colleton Co. The ones that know of so far 1-SARAH (SALLY) BLOCKER (1797-1887) Married Abram Ebenezer( Ebbe) Beach (c1785-1862) in Colleton Co. SC. Susan Johanson djohanson@Mindspring.com 2-ELIZABETH BLOCKER (c1823-1905) married Richard Bedon Beach (1823-1905) in Colleton County, SC. . Susan Johanson djohanson@Mindspring.com 3-MORGAN BLOCKER (c1829-?) married Catherine Beach in Colleton Co SC. Descendants of Morgan Blocker 1 Morgan Blocker b: Abt. 1829 in Colleton Co. SC .. +Catherine Beach b: Abt. 1832 in Colleton Co. SC .. 2 Franklin Blocker b: Abt. 1855 in St. Pauls Parish, SC .. 2 Alice Blocker b: Abt. 1856 in St. Pauls Parish, SC .. 2 Emmanuel Blocker b: Abt. 1858 in St. Pauls Parish, SC .. 2 Alverzeford Blocker b: Abt. 1860 in St. Pauls Parish, SC .. 2 Julia Blocker b: Abt. 1862 in St. Pauls Parish, SC .. 2 Stephen Blocker b: Abt. 1866 in St. Pauls Parish, SC .. 2 John Blocker b: Abt. 1867 in St. Pauls Parish, SC . Susan Johanson djohanson@Mindspring.com 4- JOHN STEPHEN BLOCKER Colleton Co. !853-? We have determined that He is a nephew of my Elizabeth Blocker-Alice Carey CareyRal@aol.com 5--- NANCY ANN BLOCKER Married Thomas Gavin about 1819-1820 in Colleton County, most likely Walterboro Charles Byrd cbyrd2@shreve.net 6--THOMAS BLOCKER born 1809, Colleton Co., Walterboro, SC. +Mehala Selars born 1815 in Colleton Co., SC 1. Ann Rebecca b. 11/21/1832, Colleton Co.,d. 7/17/1924, Henderson Co., NC 2. Judson, b. 1835 3. Jane d. 1839 4. Frances b. 1841 5. Josephine b. 1853 6. Perry C. b. 1858 These are from 1860 census in Colleton Co., SC Sue Berry SBerry2817@aol.com 7-HARRIET BLOCKER b. 1813, Colleton Co., SC; md. ca 1834 to Holland Herndon; d. 1896, Colleton Co., SC David Stone dstonejr@pol.net 8-JACOB BLOCKER- b. 1765 in Cumberland, NC who had a daughter named Mary Blocker b. 1801 in Colleton Joyous Todd Vincent boomervinc@earthlink.net Any information that might connect these people or other Blockers to add to the list would be appreciated. Susan Susan C. Johanson Springfield, VA djohanson@mindspring.com Rootsweb sponsor-NEHGS member http://worldconnect.genealogy.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?db=johanson http://www.familytreemaker.com/users/j/o/h/Susan-C-Johanson/ ...Searching for footprints in the sands of time...

--part1_10.2d97186.2704c16f_boundary Content-Type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit --part1_10.2d97186.2704c16f_boundary Content-Type: message/rfc822 Content-Disposition: inline Return-Path: <GenMassachusetts-L-request@rootsweb.com> Received: from rly-zb04.mx.aol.com (rly-zb04.mail.aol.com [172.31.41.4]) by air-zb01.mail.aol.com (v76_r1.3) with ESMTP; Thu, 28 Sep 2000 01:24:26 -0400 Received: from lists5.rootsweb.com (lists5.rootsweb.com [63.92.80.123]) by rly-zb04.mx.aol.com (v75_b3.9) with ESMTP; Thu, 28 Sep 2000 01:23:56 -0400 Received: (from slist@localhost) by lists5.rootsweb.com (8.10.1/8.10.1) id e8S5NNi03118; Wed, 27 Sep 2000 22:23:23 -0700 Resent-Date: Wed, 27 Sep 2000 22:23:23 -0700 X-Original-Sender: pvc@vancamp.org Wed Sep 27 22:23:22 2000 Message-ID: <02e701c0290b$62722240$2c7055d1@wingate> From: "Phil Van Camp" <pvc@vancamp.org> Old-To: <g_3schulz@twu.edu>, <GenMassachusetts-L@rootsweb.com> References: <39D22F66.39C02F12@twu.edu> Subject: [GM-L] Locating Cemeteries Date: Wed, 27 Sep 2000 22:09:38 -0700 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2314.1300 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2314.1300 Resent-Message-ID: <nukK5.A.3v.KXt05@lists5.rootsweb.com> To: GenMassachusetts-L@rootsweb.com Resent-From: GenMassachusetts-L@rootsweb.com X-Mailing-List: <GenMassachusetts-L@rootsweb.com> archive/latest/15421 X-Loop: GenMassachusetts-L@rootsweb.com Precedence: list Resent-Sender: GenMassachusetts-L-request@rootsweb.com For ones that are currently doing business, & are listed in the phone book ... You can use www.555-1212.com select business, then reverse, then category cemetery, then the place. The nice thing about this is that the default is to all listings within 20 miles, & you can expand that. Thus, you get cemeteries that may be known as the ____ cemetery if it is actually in a neighboring town. The drawback, is that some of our ancestors will be in cemeteries that are full or otherwise inactive. Still, it makes a good starting point. Phil pvc@vancamp.org ----- Original Message ----- From: <g_3schulz@twu.edu> To: <GenMassachusetts-L@rootsweb.com> Sent: Wednesday, September 27, 2000 10:33 AM Subject: [GM-L] Cemeteries in Charlestown, MA > Hi list members. > Is there anyone on the list that might know the names of the cemeteries > in Charlestown, MA and where they are located, and is there any chance > that the listings of who is buried in them are posted on the internet > somewhere? > > Thanks, > Celia > > > ==== GenMassachusetts Mailing List ==== > > > ==== GenMassachusetts Mailing List ==== To unsubscribe: http://www.rootsweb.com/~maillist/us/index.html --part1_10.2d97186.2704c16f_boundary--

Looking for anyone researching the following surnames in South Carolina, Charleston, Orangeburg area. Following surnames: Weston Hale/s Matthews Townsend Roberts Thank you, Kim

hi marcus - i've corresponded with a few RICHBOURG researchers in the past as a member of my family married a RICHBOURG "way back when". you might contact pam boan at <p.boan@mciworld.com> and terry britt (terry is a female) at <tgbritt@bellsouth.net>. there are also RICHBOURG entries at <http://www.familysearch.org>, the records of the mormon church. good luck in your search. julie thames howell, jax, fla fekechitti@juno.com wrote: > Hi, this is Marcus. > I am a 16 year old geneolgist. > I have much family from South Carolina. > Imparticular my Richburg family is who I am researching. > > I am trying to find the Indian connection with them. > > I come from Claudius Richburg. > Claudius was the son of the Hugenot Claude Phillipe de Richbourg that > married Anne Chastain. > > For Claudius, I come from William Richburg and Mary Elizabeth Gibson. > then from thier son, Hugh E. Richbourg that married Rebecca Manning. > > They had Lawrence Manning Richburg that married Mary Elizabeth Fannin. > > I would appreciate any information. > Thank you, > Marcus > ________________________________________________________________ > YOU'RE PAYING TOO MUCH FOR THE INTERNET! > Juno now offers FREE Internet Access! > Try it today - there's no risk! For your FREE software, visit: > http://dl.www.juno.com/get/tagj. > > ==== SCROOTS Mailing List ==== > ***** QUOTING SHOULD END ABOVE THIS LINE ***** > Rootsweb Help Desk http://helpdesk.rootsweb.com/ > SCRoots The South Carolina Genealogy Forum. http://www.scroots.org/ > > ============================== > Know the town name but not the county? Look it up at: > http://resources.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/townco.cgi

Hi, this is Marcus. I am a 16 year old geneolgist. I have much family from South Carolina. Imparticular my Richburg family is who I am researching. I am trying to find the Indian connection with them. I come from Claudius Richburg. Claudius was the son of the Hugenot Claude Phillipe de Richbourg that married Anne Chastain. For Claudius, I come from William Richburg and Mary Elizabeth Gibson. then from thier son, Hugh E. Richbourg that married Rebecca Manning. They had Lawrence Manning Richburg that married Mary Elizabeth Fannin. I would appreciate any information. Thank you, Marcus ________________________________________________________________ YOU'RE PAYING TOO MUCH FOR THE INTERNET! Juno now offers FREE Internet Access! Try it today - there's no risk! For your FREE software, visit: http://dl.www.juno.com/get/tagj.

Marcus, There is an Annie Chastain who is believed to have some Native American connection. I don't have any information on this, but have seen references to her on the CHASTAIN-L list. If you are not a member of that list, you might want to sign up. The Pierre Chastain Family Association might also be a great deal of help to you, as the Chastains were also Hugenots. Hope this helps. Arlene

Hello, I'm searching for the ancestry of a Kittier ( Kitsy) McLeod (b. 26 June 1859, d. 20 Aug. 1910 ) married to Rance ( Ransom) Edward Motley ( b. 3 Jan 1852, d. 4 Oct 1928). Both are buried at Beulah Baptist Church Cemetery in the Horrell Hill area of Richand County, S.C. Any help or information relative to this request is appreciated. JoAnn

Hi, If you are searching in AL, GA, IA, IN, KY, MO, NC or TX...we have several databases of census, tax lists, marriages, Civil War soldiers, Death records and more at our site. Stop by and take a peek, Happy Searchin' Brenda http://www.imagin.net/~tracers/census1.htm

--part1_27.b5ef07c.27035415_boundary Content-Type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit --part1_27.b5ef07c.27035415_boundary Content-Type: message/rfc822 Content-Disposition: inline Return-Path: <GenMassachusetts-L-request@rootsweb.com> Received: from rly-yb05.mx.aol.com (rly-yb05.mail.aol.com [172.18.146.5]) by air-yb01.mail.aol.com (v76_r1.3) with ESMTP; Tue, 26 Sep 2000 19:15:21 -0400 Received: from lists5.rootsweb.com (lists5.rootsweb.com [63.92.80.123]) by rly-yb05.mx.aol.com (v75_b3.9) with ESMTP; Tue, 26 Sep 2000 19:15:06 -0400 Received: (from slist@localhost) by lists5.rootsweb.com (8.10.1/8.10.1) id e8QNCQn28468; Tue, 26 Sep 2000 16:12:26 -0700 Resent-Date: Tue, 26 Sep 2000 16:12:26 -0700 X-Original-Sender: Farns10th@aol.com Tue Sep 26 16:12:25 2000 From: Farns10th@aol.com Message-ID: <44.777cd74.2702874e@aol.com> Date: Tue, 26 Sep 2000 19:12:14 EDT Old-To: GenMassachusetts-L@rootsweb.com MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Mailer: AOL 5.0 for Windows sub 118 Subject: [GM-L] Irish Passenger Lists - Ships to America, 1700s Resent-Message-ID: <3HcV9C.A.h8G.Z1S05@lists5.rootsweb.com> To: GenMassachusetts-L@rootsweb.com Resent-From: GenMassachusetts-L@rootsweb.com X-Mailing-List: <GenMassachusetts-L@rootsweb.com> archive/latest/15400 X-Loop: GenMassachusetts-L@rootsweb.com Precedence: list Resent-Sender: GenMassachusetts-L-request@rootsweb.com The Olive Tree Genealogy IRISH SHIP LISTS Thanks goes to the RootsWeb Genealogical Data Co-operative, who have kindly donated space for The Olive Tree http://www.rootsweb.com/~ote/iriship.htm Choose from The Globe 1716 ~ Patience & Judith 1716 ~ no name 1736 ~The Catherine 1737 ~ no name 1744 ~ no name 1762 ~ no name 1764 ~ The Hannah 1764 ~ The Freemason 1764 ~ no name 1765 ~ no name 1768 ~ no name 1779 ~ Other Arrivals 1766 ~ no name 1767 ~ Ann & Margaret 1767 ~ no name 1766 ~ The William 1766 ==== GenMassachusetts Mailing List ==== --part1_27.b5ef07c.27035415_boundary--

This is off of my PALMER list, and thought you would find it as interesting as I did. A little more insight in to the life and times of our ancestors.......Judy ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ I was asked about the use of sawdust as road covering in the late 1800's and did some research. I thought I would share these interesting findings. Enjoy - Rita Oconto County WIGenWeb Project Coordinator http://www.rootsweb.com/~wiconto/ Question: Many years ago I became interested in the various fires that occured in the Old Northwest during 1871 and remember reading that many logging camps and larger towns actually paved their streets with sawdust from the mills so that people could walk them with out getting muddy during and after rains. Certainly a very bad idea but a excellent explanation as to why these town "went up" like gunpowder kegs. Can you confirm or deny that this practice did occur? Thank you, any reply would be greatly appreciated. - K. P. Bryce Canyon National Park, Utah Answer: That is absolutely correct. The practice goes back to colonial days, but it wasn't until manufacturing wood during the "Industrial Revolution" that there was a large enough amount of sawdust to become a problem. Unlike now when sawdust is used in pressed wood products and some paper manufacturing, sawdust was just a waste byproduct of milling lumber. A BIG byproduct. At first they simply dumped it into the rivers and streams the powered the mills. It would then travel to the mouth of the rivers and totally clog the bays of the upper Great Lakes. This made shipping impossible and that meant the lumber could not be shipped to other places. There are old letter and diaries with descriptions of sawdust being so thick along the beaches and bays the you could walk out on the floating matts (also not a real safe practice). They burned the bark and scaps, that would not make shims and such small usables, in huge tall coneshaped metal stuctures with open tops and at night the workers would sit out on the front porches of their cottages with the family and watch the glowing red burners against the inky black sky until bedtime. But the sawdust remained a huge problem. It was highly combustable and not suited for burners as it would also set the surrounding area on fire with sparks traveling on the wind. Someone came up with the idea of laying down sawdust on the muddy town roads. Then you could not only walk on the knee-deep mud, but the sawdust was also "worked into" the mud by traffic to make a kind of improved surface for wagon and carriage wheels. And it was free for the hauling. Since the most concentrated traffic was in the towns, villages and settlements, this was seen as a big improvement. Just the other day, right here, I noticed that sawdust from logging off land for development was used on the mud to make a road inland for the heavy trucks. It was very successful and took the weight of many vehicles without getting muddy. This sawdust was also used in logging camps so the mud from the bare ground didn't impede transportation. It was truly dangerous by today's standards, and even more dangerous, but absolutely neccessary, by yesterday's standards. There were also no building codes back then and all the wood structures were put up fast and close together, often wall to wall. With lamp oil, wood stoves, fireplaces, candles, and various fuels being used and stored all over, women and men wearing lots of cotton clothing, and lots of smoking materials, open fires, sparks from steam engines (trains, threshers, boats, etc), campfires of hunters, brush burning, smokehouses for curing meats, bondfires for newly cleared land, open fires for making soap, scalding fowl and rendering lard, lightening, back burning, etc. you can only imagine how dangerous life was with all that sawdust around. Even circuses used sawdust all around and inside the tents as temporary flooring, and the tents were lit with open, burning torches attached to the wood mainpoles. That would give me bigger thrills and chills than any caged Tiger. Hope this answers your question. Thanks for writing. Rita - Oconto County WIGenWeb

If anyone has anything on any FREMDER anywhere in SC, please let me know. My great grandmother's maiden name was Wilhelmine Caroline Fremder and she was born August 13, 1854, I think in SC. Her family was supposed to be from Germany, but don't know when they came over here. She was the second wife of Dr. John Edward W. STROBEL. They married April 26, 1871 In some places her first name is spelled Wilhelmine and in some places it is spelled Wilhelmina, but she went by the nickname for her middle name, CARRIE. Please help if you can. Margie Scott

William HEDDERLY removed to Charleston from New York ca.1800. He set up as a bellhanger although his principal interest appears to be in the theatre. One particular interest was Mary Edwards, described as 'daughter of Mrs Edwards who was employed to wash silk stockings for the Theater of New York'. I believe he had a number of children by her. His wife was at that time living in Boston believing her husband to be dead. Any sighting of the name HEDDERLY, particularly relating to the Charleston Theatre, or birth or baptismal records, would be very gratefully received. John Hedderly Devon, England

The below article is posted in the archives on Genealogy.com Impossible and Improbable by Donna Przecha Genealogy thrives as a rewarding hobby because most people in the past lived orderly lives. We expect them to be born, marry, have children and die, and that there will be someone to record most of these events somewhere. Usually this is exactly what happens. All we have to do is find out where these events were recorded. However, occasionally we come across events that just do not fit into the orderly scheme of things. Sometimes they seem to be highly improbable or completely impossible. Disowned Children In past times marrying outside the family's religion, race, culture or social class was considered by some to be taboo. If children violated this rule, some families would disown them and even declare them dead. In one case the parents not only declared the child dead but went so far as to erect a tombstone with her name and her marriage date as the death date. People who were mentally ill or physically deformed might be sent off to an asylum or hospital and the family would act as if they were dead. They might be recorded in the family Bible as having died, so when you find the individual in a census you will be thoroughly confused! A daughter might also be disowned if she became pregnant and was not married or a son cut out of the family if he ended up in prison. Obituaries were generally provided by the families, and facts and children who did not suit the image the family wished to project could be omitted. If a child was not mentioned in the obituary in the local hometown paper, it didn't mean the child didn't exist or was deceased. Finding disowned children can be very difficult because they often moved a long way from their original home to a completely different environment. Someone from Connecticut might move to Idaho or Texas for no apparent reason. With more national indexes becoming available, it is easier to locate these people. Since most census indexes are still on a state-by-state basis, you almost have to check each state as there is no predicting where they might have gone. The names of disowned children might turn up in a will or probate. In a will the parent might want to mention the child just to be sure he or she is cut out of the inheritance. If there was no will, all living children would need to be named in legal documents relating to an inheritance. In past times marrying outside the family's religion, race, culture or social class was considered by some to be taboo. If children violated this rule, some families would disown them and even declare them dead. Bigamy Even in this day of instant communication with cell phones, pagers and the Internet, you can still pick up the paper and read about a man who was married to different women and had two different families, each of which was unknown to the other. (Why a man would want the responsibilities of two families and keeping them secret is beyond me!) In the past it was so much easier to acquire two wives, although it was more often serial rather than concurrent. If a man from Virginia went to California to look for gold, he might decide after a couple of fruitless years that he didn't want to go home and face the ridicule of his family and neighbors. He might decide to just settle down in California, perhaps open a store or take up farming and marry a girl he met there. Since he may have stopped writing to his family in Virginia months ago, he would hardly feel it was necessary to go to all the trouble and agony of trying to get a divorce. He might even send back an announcement of his death just to close that chapter of his life. Even in this day of instant communication, you can still pick up the paper and read about a man who was married to different women and had two different families, each of which was unknown to the other. When a husband disappears, the wife usually goes through the legal process to have him declared dead after a certain period of time. You might encounter the family with the husband in one census and in the next find the wife listed as a widow. This would lead you to believe he died in the meantime and you would look for cemetery records, obituaries, wills and death records. If he simply disappeared, you will not find any of these and may need to explore court records for a legal document declaring him dead. Of course, he may not really be dead at all. Name Changes Many men, especially new immigrants, found it too overwhelming to try to support a family and just walked off and were never heard from again. They might even change their names, settle down in a new area and get married again. This is very difficult to track and document, but one place where this could come out is in military pension records. If a man was in the Civil War, his first wife would know he was entitled to a pension and would apply for one when it became obvious he was never coming back, and could be presumed dead. If he remarried under another name, he might feel enough loyalty to his second wife to disclose his military service and the name under which he enlisted. Once he died and the second wife applied for her pension, both applications would end up with the same service record. If you suspect a possible name change, be sure to consult as many legal or official documents as possible. If you suspect a possible name change, be sure to consult as many legal or official documents as possible, such as pension papers, wills, naturalization papers or land deeds. Even if a man changed names he might think he had to include his "also known as" (AKA) name to be sure the transaction was valid, fearing the original name might come out at some point and nullify the action. A woman could create genealogical confusion by not changing her name. If a woman had a child out of wedlock, she might move to another town, keep her maiden name but call herself Mrs., claiming she was a widow. Even if people knew she had never married, a mother would be called Mrs. as a courtesy because it would be embarrassing to all concerned to suggest that an unmarried woman had a child. In African-American research, many people assume that a freed slave would take the family name of the person who had owned him before emancipation. In fact, the freed slaves could take any name they liked and many experimented with several names before settling on one. Siblings might choose different surnames so it is not obvious to a researcher that they are related. A parent might have lived on a different plantation and select a different name from the child. Many chose names of famous people or people they admired, so the surname may or may not be significant for the researcher. Freed slaves could take any name they liked, so the surname may or may not be significant for the researcher. Duplicate Names Sometimes a researcher looking through baptism records will find a couple who gave the same name to two different children. A look at the burials usually reveals that the first child with that name died before the second one was born. In some cases no such death is found. In fact, both children seem to live, grow up and produce their own records. This can cause the researcher a bit of confusion and reexamination of the records. For some reason — perhaps a lack of imagination? — parents will give children almost identical names. In one family there was a John and a Jonathan, and both lived to adulthood. Mary and Maria are also possibilities. Sometimes, especially in German names, the first name would be the same for all children of the same sex, but the second name would be different. A family might consist of Johann Georg, Johann Wilhelm, Johann Josef, Anna Barbara, Anna Maria and Anna Theresa. Needless to say, the children usually went by their middle names and the children might be known as Georg, Johann, Josef, Barbara, Anna and Theresa. In later records, they might reverse the name since the middle name was the one usually used. This means you almost have to follow the lives of all the brothers to be sure who was really Johann. Just to confuse matters, Georg and Josef might use their official first name, Johann, on a record. Sometimes, especially in German names, the first name would be the same for all children of the same sex, but the second name would be different. Informal Adoptions Very often in the past, adoptions were very informally arranged. A woman might have a child that she really couldn't care for, because of health or financial reasons, while her sister might have wanted a child but was unable to have one. It might be agreed between the two families that the child would be given to the other to raise. No papers were signed or legal documents filed. Similarly, a foundling might be taken in by a family and simply raised as their own. Wrong Sex We have all encountered a person being classified as a male in one census and a female in another. This frequently happens with unusual names, or names that can be either sex, and usually it is just an error on the part of the census taker. However, there have been cases where children have been raised as if they were the opposite sex. Boys were dressed like girls when they were small and a mother who wanted a girl and was unable to have any more children might well continue that deception until the child revolted. Sex change operations were not possible 100 years ago but people could live as if they were the opposite sex. A woman might be especially tempted to masquerade as a man if she wished to be a soldier or a cowboy or follow some equally masculine occupation. Very recently a well-known band leader died and it was found that he, even though he was married, was actually a woman and no one knew. We have all encountered a person being classified as a male in one census and a female in another. This is usually just an error on the part of the census taker, but alternate explanations are sometimes possible. Race Change While following a family back through the census you might find a person who had always been classified as white, listed as mulatto, meaning a mixture of white and African ancestry. While we know the census taker often made mistakes, this might mean there is African-American ancestry in that line. Appearance played a big part in racial designation and when possible, many people of mixed ancestry would "pass" for white when they could. The children of Sally Hemings are a good example. (Whether or not you believe Thomas Jefferson was the father, it is generally accepted that the father of the Hemings children was white.) Sally herself was 1/4 black, as her father and maternal grandfather were both white. Her children were only 1/8 black. They all drifted off, with or without permission, and settled elsewhere. Eston at first settled in Ohio and in 1852 moved to Wisconsin where he changed his name from Hemings to Jefferson and his race to white. Eston's descendants did not even know of their black ancestry. Beverly (a son) and Harriet apparently disappeared into white society. Thomas became a minister in the African Methodist church and Madison stayed in the black community. Many people, especially in the south, have both white and black ancestry. Given the conditions and disadvantages under which blacks, even free ones, had to live, it made sense to be classified as white if at all possible. It made their lives and the lives of their families much easier. Many people, especially in the south, have both white and black ancestry. Given the conditions and disadvantages under which blacks, even free ones, had to live, many people of mixed ancestry would "pass" for white when they could. Facing the Impossible I would not encourage anyone to look for any of these extreme situations in his or her own family research, but if the impossible or the improbable appears, keep an open mind. If you come across one of these situations, this line may be truncated. Even if you do manage to work around it, it will take much research and documentation to gather enough evidence to prove what really happened. However, if you do manage to piece the whole story together, it will probably be the highlight of your family history! Ruth in NC

N.C.O.and Private's Jeremiah Simmons Y 37 Cleburn Simms U 343 Samuel Simms N 667 Thomas Simms N 669 William Simms U 345 David Simons X 172 Maurice Simons X 171 Charles Simons U 347 Samuel Simons Gregg 413 Peter Simons P 393 Shadrack Simons T 232 William Simpson U 362 Benjamin Singleton P 588 John Singleton Y 1263 Richard Singleton P 561 William Singleton X 174 Peter Sinkler P 399 Charles Sly X 334 John Smiley X 313 Charles Smith Gregg 413 Daniel Smith X 163 George Smith X 167 Jeremiah Smith Greg 413 James Smith X 1163 John Smith X 166 Richard Smith P 497 Samuel Smith P 496 Stephen Smith Y 169 Thomas Smith X 165 Thomas Spraggins X 296 Thomas Spratt Q 370 Shadrack Stanley O 573 William Stackhouse V 302 John Staggers P 442 Thomas Stafford S 293 Peter Staley Q 239 John Staley Q 240 John Starke U 356 William Starke U 352 Thomas Starke U 354 Edward Stedman L 402 Aaron Steele Y 435 Alexander Steele S 66 Charles Steel S 64 Isaac Steele S 65 John Stephens Gregg 413 Adam Stewart S 70 Hugh Stewart L 410 James Stewart Q 239 John Stewart L 410 William Stewart L 411 Thomas Stewart P 514 Thomas Stokes V 445