Linda: You have brough up the subject of excommunication, but how about "deposed" Remember the kings of Scotland were catholic and the bulk of the people were presbyterian and at that time the pastors were paid by the State (King). The Rev. William Crooks who may or may not be in my line comes to question as he was deposed by King James I, you also have to consider the signers on the convent, the whole subject is about power and relgious strife. Gordon