Genealogy researchers shouldn't neglect roadside markers and local history blogs in the Londonderry, NH area: <grin> http://mikenh.wordpress.com/tag/1700s/ (Read them all. Maybe amateurish but have interesting seemingly factual info about the Londonderry settlement including its acreage and map outline, and a church cemetery to check out -- among other things of interest.) http://www.libraryireland.com/ScotchIrishAmerica/VII-3.php (On-line history book, scroll down this link to Chapter VII to learn about emigration from the Londonderry NH settlement. I didn't check other chapters.) http://www.maciain.org/histories/immigration.php (Includes more about the Londonderry, NH cemetery and S-I immigration in general.) http://homepages.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~merle/History/SI-NE.htm (From Linda's own gatherings.) http://www.lifestylesover50.com/index2.php?option=com_content&do_pdf=1&id=72 (One Scotch-Irish settlement in Northhampton Co. PA, but directly from Ulster.) However, some Scotch-Irish 'must' have migrated from New England to PA during the early 1700's -- didn't they? If they emigrated the Londonderry NH area, and had sufficient funds for ship passage from Boston to Philadelphia, they would, in my estimation, have boated/rafted down the Merrimac River to the present Lowell area, then overland a relatively short distance to Boston. If funds were limited they could have subsequently walked the entire way from Boston to Philadelphia along a 'roadway' or rather a path in 1720-1730, or utilized waterways to a degree: (See map showing this 'road' at next link.) http://digitalgallery.nypl.org/nypldigital/dgkeysearchdetail.cfm?strucID=254124 Click on the 'zoom' button to desired degree, then the 'pan' buttons to move around. The portion of this road from Boston to NYC was the Shoreline Road or one route of the Boston Post Road -- this map doesn't show the middle and upper alternate routes of Boston Post Road. See the three routes in the next link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Boston_Post_Road_map.png (Use your browser's 'zoom' ability. People utilizing the Merrimac River south from Londonderry would have likely selected the 'north route' of Boston Post Road to minimize river/creek crossings, then boated down the Connecticut River or walked its Boston Post path to New Haven, then on to present NYC area. An alternate route that I suspect would have been considered was to continue westward where Boston Post Road turned south toward New Haven, across the Hudson and then boated-rafted the Delaware River to Philadelphia. However, risk of warrior attack was likely another consideration.) The 'roads' above were not much in the early 1700's with 'mail-coaches' not routinely used until the mid-1700's, and these were initially light-weight, open-sided, canvas-covered, 4-wheeled boxes pulled by two horses. Roads in some areas were along a prior warrior's path where individuals had walked or trotted in single file through 'wilderness' portions of the terrain. (A buffalo trace also made a good path.) Postal delivery was via horseback with fairly small saddle-bags strapped across relatively small horses built for speed and agility -- not requiring much more than 30 inches additional cleared space beyond that for a walking man. But a path used for single-file strings of pack-horses, these larger animals strapped with large side-packs for carrying 600 to 700 pounds of goods (no rider) required even more cleared width for a path. However, settlers still walked to great extent, leading their goods-laden horse(s) if they were fortunate to have even one. They may have alternatively pulled a wheelbarrow-like affair or a 2-wheeled single axle cart to haul their personal items -- or used their horse to awkwardly pull a larger 2-wheeled cart. Yes, people of limited means (the majority by far) walked wherever they wished to go, and lacking a horse allowed flexibility to build a canoe or flatboat to use available waterways for a distance (like down the Merrimac or Connecticut) or to cross rivers and streams such as found along the Shoreline Road west of New Haven and throughout the present NYC area, as can be seen on the map. Various Google sources explain this in more detail especially for migration from PA to VA, the Carolinas, Georgia and other points to the south during the 1700's -- people walked hundreds of miles for a fresh start in a new locale. I agree that walking this long and challenging Boston to Philadelphia 'road' was not an inviting choice. But for those of limited funds remaining from immigration passage, and a need to buy land and goods in PA (unless planning to 'squat') no other choice than taking 'Boston Post Road' and 'The King's Highway' westward and south from NYC seems to have been available. While ships' agents scoured Ulster for trading indentured-servant commitments for passage to America, I'm not aware of any such arrangements once in America for local portal transportation -- these ships were limited to commerce from what I gather. Also, people who had survived terrible misery during their ship's passage to America may well have foregone another ship-boarding even if gratis. An after-thought: Maybe there is good reason for not finding info about groups of Scotch-Irish migrating from New England to Philadelphia during the early 1700's -- people walking south were common to see but unidentifiable. Or maybe they stayed in New England until after 1750 when roads were being widened and upgraded for travel by wagon: (See link below) http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~gentutor/King.pdf Roads and paths were then opening into the 'new' frontier of Southwestern PA and subsequently KY among others far northward and deep south. Then there were the likes of the founders of Nashville, TN who boated the Cumberland River from VA, and those who flatboated the Allegheny, Monongahela and Ohio Rivers from Ft. Pitt(sburgh) to KY and into Northwest Territory, for examples. Additional info: http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/rakeman/1823.htm (First macadamized road in America early 1800's.) Hope this helps a little, my apologies for lateness, I've been a lazy lurker far too long while foregoing genealogy research. Neil McDonald ----- Original Message ----- From: "Ruth McLaughlin" <[email protected]> To: <[email protected]> Sent: Wednesday, March 31, 2010 10:41 PM Subject: Re: [S-I] 1718-1719 S-I Emigration In mentioning the MACCALLUM, Lee, you have in fact named one of *the* five famous ships who arrived in the Boston harbor with nearly 700 Ulster Presbyterians, along with their ministers; this began a further emigration of 2,600 more in the following two years and up to another 250,000 in the next half century. These were those who would become known as the Scotch-Irish. The MACCALLUM was well used! You will see the names of all five ships (which, given their passengers' impact on a nation, should in my estimation share at least some fame with the Mayflower) at <http://www.1718migration.org.uk/s_theirArrival.asp>. For those researching their Scotch-Irish families who arrived in 1718, or in the following years, will find this whole website great reading. It's a site hard to leave alone once begun. Thanks for your info about that Boston Post Road. One does wonder about details like what roads there would have been by the early 18th c—so you've provide one answer. What about to the Philly area? Did people travel inland or was it more by sea? Records often refer to the Casco Bay people (at least the men) walking out of Maine in the spring. Supposedly there were well-established Indian trails that would make that possible to get them to Haverhill and from there to the site of Nutfield. This is the point at which it was said, in that quotation that began this thread, that many of the Casco group decided not to stay any longer in the north and headed to PA. As Linda puts it, she doesn't understand why they didn't all didn't head to PA! :-) Ruth