Athol -- The first question I have is: Did you check your DNA results against other M(a)cDonalds? I ask because you say none of those you compared against had the same surname as you. Before you go beating your head against a stone wall in trying to find SOMEONE who matches your DNA you should first compare it against other M(a)cDonalds. If on a 12-marker test you show a genetic distance of one from any other M(a)cDonalds, then proceed with the 25 or 37-marker test to refine your relationship. If, upon comparing your DNA with others of your surname and find NO close matches, then you should do a general search of the Y-DNA Database to see if you come close to someone of another surname. Not matching any others of your surname leads to the conclusion of a "non-paternity event" in family history (adoption [legal or otherwise], out-of-wedlock birth, etc.). If you tested with Family Tree DNA under a surname Project, you should have received an evaluation from your Project Administrator showing you the chances of your relationship to to others, In any event, go to the Y-Search home page (_http://www.ysearch.org/add_start.asp?uid_ (http://www.ysearch.org/add_start.asp?uid) =) and set up an account for yourself. Just follow the instructions. Once you have done that you can then search the Y-DNA Database for matches (or near matches). You can also check out the Scottish DNA Project at Electric Scotland (_http://electricscotland.com/webclans/dna_project.htm_ (http://electricscotland.com/webclans/dna_project.htm) ) BTW, a 12-marker test is nearly inconclusive unless you have a lot of instances of 0 (zero) genetic distance. I hope this helps out. Cheers, Jim Gordon