Hi James: You need to get out your encyclopedia's and research. My husband's grandparents are from an area of Russia called Galicia - which today no longer even exists. Its down in the Carpathian Mountain region and depending upon what year we are researching it was Russia, Poland, Austria, Austria-Hungary Empire and now today is part of what we know as the Ukraine. So, where do we say he came from? Galicia was traded off with every little and big war in Europe and it has been extremely difficult, to say the least, to figure it all out. Hope this gives you some ideas on clearing up your confusion. Ellyn/Marietta, GA Researching FILL, HORBAL, SHELL, MCCULLOUGH, MADISON, RUTLAND, HAYES/HAYS, MUSE AND PENDLETON