Thank you Gene, for your rapid response. Again Gene is correct - a sample of "one" proves little or nothing - Correct me Gene, if there is more than one sample. Wonder why Samuel Queen's descendants are unwilling to participate in the DNA study? Is there a DNA study that relates to Scotch, English and/or Irish Royalty/ Nobility? I believe there was supposed to be some sort of big secret concerning the Samuel Queen family ........? Now I have to add to my "before we go there" list that at least circumstantial evidence must be found that "Old William" can not be the William Queen born to Samuel Queen and Katherine Marsham. This has always been my second choice and it would be my first choice if it was not the McQueen baptismal record and the McQueen-Lewis land transaction. James B. Hardin