I don't know a thing about George Etzweiler or the history of the site. It sounds like the existing monument may be a cenotaph, which is a monument erected in honor of a person buried elsewhere. These are sometimes used for historical figures and sometimes for persons who have been cremated or lost at sea, etc. Sometimes it is nice to have a place to go to remember those who have past. Usually a cenotaph will have the word Cenotaph on the stone, but it isn't mandatory. Walter Freeman Subject: [PANORTHU-L] George Etzweiler Resent-Date: Sun, 16 Jan 2000 14:54:37 -0800 (PST) Resent-From: [email protected] Date: , Sun, 16 Jan 2000 17:53:50 -0500 From: "R.Norn" <[email protected]> Reply-To: [email protected] To: [email protected] Because of the recent discussion on this list, and the presentation of data pertaining to George Etzweiler, I decided to take a trip to the site this afternoon. Information obtained in reading various books about the death and burial of George Etzweiler, and information presented on this list raised various conflicts which made me curious about the questions raised. To be brief, in the book ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY, PA. 1755-1855 BY LINN it says "....the people who were killed, were brought over to the place adjoining Philip Seebold's residence, above New Berlin, and were buried in the old grave-yard on the bluff at the creek, where Dry Run comes in ......." I went to the site of the monument erected in 1888 in memory of George Etzweiler and now have only more questions. The site sits on top of a hill and is only a few feet off of Brouse Road. There is no stream anywhere in site and the Penns Creek, which is the creek in the above papragraph, is not visable from the site and is at least a mile away. It is certainly possible that the monument which looks like a large tombstone was not intended to mark a grave but was only intended to be a lasting memorial of a soldier who died during the Revolutionary War. Why else would there be no mention of others who died in the incident? The monument stone faces east and is surrounded by a cast iron fence which encloses an area about six feet by ten feet. The stone is not heavily worn and is very easy to read. The marker reads, "In Memory of George Etzweiler who was killed by the Indians May 26, 1780 At Jacob Groschungs Mill Afterwards Heherlingers Mill near Brush Valley Narrows in what is now West Buffalo Township Union County Erected by G. Alfred Schoch Middleburg Sept 10, 1888" Note that is does not say he is buried there. I hope this information will help Mae in her research. Rich