RootsWeb.com Mailing Lists
Total: 1/1
    1. [INDIANA] Border War
    2. Roger Murray
    3. The French & Indian War was concluded with The Peace of Paris in 1763. In this agreement the British pledged the prohibit future American settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains. A proclamation line was drawn along the crest of the Appalachian Mts. It was acknowledged that the Indians owned the lands on which they were residing and that white settlers in the area west of the line were to be removed. However, provisions were made for licensed fur traders to operate in the area. Almost immediately the proclamation met resistance from colonial land speculators and frontiersmen who risked their lives and fortunes in the preceding war with the French. Most felt that the proclamation was temporary and ignored it. Thousands crossed the Appalachians and many pushed into Ohio. Many were killed during this time in clashed with the Indians. In 1764 the line was modified to accommodate speculators. In 1768 the Treaty of Ft. Stanwix between the British and the Iroquois nation, the Iroquois surrendered their claim to the lands south and east of the Ohio River. This opened up the Kentucky region to settlement before Ohio. However, the Ohio river served as both a border with the Indian Nations and a vital transportation route. Large numbers of travelers on the river were killed by the natives. In 1774 the Gov. of Virginia, John Murray, Lord Dunmore decided to get involved in the situation either to thwart the advancement of Pennsylvania settlers into a region long claimed by Virginia or to advance his own fortune in land speculation. Troops were raised and offensive operations were mounted into Kentucky and towards Ft. Pitt in today's Pittsburgh. After a major battle near Point Pleasant the Treaty of Camp Charlotte was agreed to As a result the Non-Iroquois nations of Delaware, Shawnee, and Mingo tribes relinquished claims to lands south of the Ohio River. In April of 1775 the American Revolution began. Fighting between organized British forces and organized Colonial forces were rare in the frontier region of Western Pa. At this time the native tribes of Shawnee, Delaware, Mingo, Seneca, Wyandot, Potawatomi and Ottawa agreed to the Treaty of Pittsburgh which once again recognized the Ohio River as the border between native lands and colonial lands. This treaty soon fell apart and by 1776 white settlements were being attacked. In 1777 the British brought the native tribes to their side in the conflict. >From 1776 to the end of the Revolution in 1783 the British waged their frontier war with the colonist through the use of native American fighters. The end of Revolution did not bring and end to hostilities in the region. They continued, primarily in Indiana and Ohio well into the 1790. In 1794 Gen. Anthony Wayne defeated the Indians at Fallen Timbers in Ohio and the treaty of Greenville more or less ended all native claims to the region. This is along winded way of saying the the Border Wars encompassed the time between the end of the French and Indian War and the end of the Indian hostilities in the region, roughly 1763 to 1794. The following is a link to a very interesting, contemporary account of the war in Western PA. http://www.geocities.com/lydick_1999/History/o12w.html

    03/22/2004 03:14:02