Hi everyone, I wrote to the Government of the United States for more answers about the draft in the Civil War and I would like to share with you what they wrote back: At the Civil War's outbreak, the states had their militia and the Federal government a standing army of 16,000 troops, mostly on the frontier. Congress was not in session and was not convened for three months. The only step taken toward mobilization in the North in that period was a call for 75,000 volunteers to serve for three months - not enough time to adequately train these men and use them in the field. Both North and South turned to conscription - the South in 1862 and the North the following year. The story of the draft during the Civil War is a story of bungling, mismanagement, corruption and bloodshed. Almost every kind of mistake was made, beginning with control of the draft by the military. Federal enrolling officers hunted down potential conscripts in house-to-house manhunts, prompting riots and armed resistance. If a man did not want to serve, he could buy his way out by hiring a substitute. Many men became professional substitutes, deserting after they were paid and hiring themselves out again in another location. Both the North and South made serious mistakes in the way they conducted their draft programs. Although these mistakes wee the direct and indirect causes of much bloodshed and prolongation of the war, they pointed to definite conclusions and priceless lessons to be learned. In 1866, Brigadier General James Oakes, who as Assistant Provost Marshal of Illinois had been responsible for the draft in that state, wrote a report which outlined the mistakes and made recommendations for any future conscription system. No action was taken at the time, but the report was discovered many years later by Enoch H. Crowder, Judge Advocate General of the Army. Oakes' recommendations formed the basis of the World War I draft law and are still included in the draft law today: * No Bounties for volunteering; * No hired substitutes; * Civilian rather than military control of the draft system; * Local involvement in the process; * Deferment for service made on an individual basis; * Each man responsible for his own registration. No serious consideration was given to the idea of a draft during the spanish-American War. The first national conscription system came into being in 1917 with the United States already involved in World War I. I hope you all found this most interesting. Sincerely, Renee L. Waring www.internationalcemeterymonth.org/ http://groups.yahoo.com/group/ICM-WGW http://www.savinggraves.com/users/icm/ http://pluto.beseen.com/boardroom/q/52636/ http://mercury.beseen.com/chat/rooms/q/19806 Subscribe to the ICM List at this address: <A HREF="mailto:ICM-WGW-subscribe@yahoogroups.com">ICM-WGW-subscribe@yahoogroups.com</A>

----- Original Message ----- From: "Ronalee Schall" <bsrs1@epix.net> To: <PAGENWEB-L@rootsweb.com> Sent: Saturday, November 24, 2001 2:15 AM Subject: Szalkowski > I am looking for the marriage, and death dates of two people who lived > in Plains township in the early to mid 1900's. I have reason to believe > that Michael died some time between 1910 and 1912 as STanley was born in > 1904 and remembered having to go door to door to relatives to tell of > his father's death at the approximate age of 7. > > Their names were Michael Szalkowski who was 18 on the 1900 census and > his wife, Nellie Orzechowski. > > They had a daughter, Genevieve, who does not appear on the 1920 census, > and two sons, Stanley and Walter. On the 1920 census, Nellie is > remarried to Alex Vankowsky (spelling may vary) with additional > biological children: Stephen, Josephine and Victoria. Walter and > STanley are listed as step children, retaining their name as Szalkowski > (which has ALSO been spelled various ways). STanley's name was later > changed to Schall, but I don't know when. > > They lived on Bank Street in Plains township and are probably buried in > the Sts. Peter and Paul cemetery. I have been their twice but have been > unable to find their stones. > > Michael and Genevieve MAY have died during the flu epidemic between 1910 > and 1920, but I'm not sure. > > Any help or insight is appreciated. > > Ronalee Schall > >

CIVIL WAR TRIVIA - Source: http://www.bitsofblueandgray.com QUESTIONS ANSWERS Q: What was the nickname of Major General John Magruder? A: "Prince John". Q: What was the name of the man that was hanged after the war for his activity at andersonville Prison? A: Henry Wirz Q: Artillery used different rounds against attacking troops. One was the Canister and the other was Case shot.... What is the difference? A: The Canister was a shell made with about 96 iron balls held together by a tin cover, the Case shot was a shell with a timed fuse that would burst over the attacking troops' heads. Sending pieces of it in to them Q: What War did Confederate General Robert E. Lee's father fight in? A: Revolutionary War. Q: The artillery used round shot, where did they aim when they fired it at the attacking troops? A: The round shot was aimed in front of the attacking troops so that it would skip along the ground, (something like skimming a stone across water causing great havoc. Q: What is an "abatis"? A: An "abatis" is an obstacle formed of trees felled toward the enemy. Q: What was the name of General Longstreet's horse's? A: Hero Q: What Kentucky battle also has, as part of its landscape, a Bull Run? A: Perryville Q: What was Brig. General William E. Jones nickname? A: Grumble, because apparently he did a lot of it Q: Where did the battle between the USS Monitor and the CSS Virginia take place? A: Hampton Roads VA. Q: What was the CSS Virginia before it became a Confederate Iron Clad? A: The Merrimack Q: What Kentucky battle also has, as part of its landscape, a Bull Run? A: Perryville Q: What Commander of the Army of the Potomac lost 2 nephews to the Confederate Cause? A: General George Gordon Meade Q: What Union Regiment was recruited by Herman Berdan? What Color Uniform did they wear? A: The Berdan Sharpshooters, their uniforms were green. Q: What was the popular name for the US Rifle, Model 1855, a shorter version of the Rifle Musket of the same year? A: Harpers Ferry Rifle Q: At First Bull Run, what fellow brigadier general coined the nickname "Stonewall" for Thomas J. Jackson? A: Barnard Bee (Look men, there stands Jackson and his Virginian's like a Stonewall) Q: When Robert E. Lee's youngest son entered the army, what was his rank and duty? A: Private, cannoneer (Robert E. Lee Jr. age 18) Q: Who refused to use pepper on his food saying it gave him pains in his left leg? A: Lt. Gen. Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson Q: How many companies made up a regiment? A: 10 (100 Men to a company, 10 companies in a regiment) Q: What Confederate Major General, a nephew of Robert E. Lee, later served as a Major General in the U. S. Army during the Spanish American War? A: Fitzhugh Lee Q: What was the "official" name for Andersonville Prison? A: Camp Sumter Q: Why was Camp Sumter named "Camp Sumter"? A: Because it was in Sumter County, Georgia

I am looking for the marriage, and death dates of two people who lived in Plains township in the early to mid 1900's. I have reason to believe that Michael died some time between 1910 and 1912 as STanley was born in 1904 and remembered having to go door to door to relatives to tell of his father's death at the approximate age of 7. Their names were Michael Szalkowski who was 18 on the 1900 census and his wife, Nellie Orzechowski. They had a daughter, Genevieve, who does not appear on the 1920 census, and two sons, Stanley and Walter. On the 1920 census, Nellie is remarried to Alex Vankowsky (spelling may vary) with additional biological children: Stephen, Josephine and Victoria. Walter and STanley are listed as step children, retaining their name as Szalkowski (which has ALSO been spelled various ways). STanley's name was later changed to Schall, but I don't know when. They lived on Bank Street in Plains township and are probably buried in the Sts. Peter and Paul cemetery. I have been their twice but have been unable to find their stones. Michael and Genevieve MAY have died during the flu epidemic between 1910 and 1920, but I'm not sure. Any help or insight is appreciated. Ronalee Schall

Could some kind soul locate a marriage record for me for the following: John Harrold married to Ellen Markey May 18, 1871; in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Thank you in advance. Tonia

The Close and Gearhart families were originally from Mifflin County and my part moved to Pittsburgh (early 1900's)where I believe they hooked up with the Salsky's (Salski). O'Brien's were from Philadelphia where Mary A. O'Brien was born and married John Leister James and had her children in Baltimore. After Mary's death, her son Irven Matthew James ( born 11-11-00) was put into St Mary's Industrial School for Boy's. Irven ended up near Pittsburgh. The Moody's were from Oak Ridge where Jessie Moody married C.E. Johnson in 1897. They ended up near Pittsburgh. I am looking for info in regards to all of these sir names related to PA.

Although Longstreet's soldiers broke through to the base of the <A HREF="http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/cwar:@field(NUMBER+@band(cwp+4a40122))">Little Round Top</A>, Union <A HREF="http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/cwar:@field(NUMBER+@band(cwp+4a40071))">General G. K. Warren</A> perceived the Confederate plan in time to rouse his men to take the strategic hill, fending off the Confederate attack. Another view of Little Round Top at sunset shows Brigadier General Gouverneur K. Warren framed by Union canons, surveying the crest he was so instrumental in securing. With seasoned Confederate soldiers pouring towards them, Warren diverted troops to the dangerously empty hilltop, which, through the valor of those who served there, successfully held the Union's left flank. If taken, the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia would have had a clear field of fire down the entire Union line. More Information: http://uwadmnweb.uwyo.edu/armyrotc/littlerdtop.htm

I found this very interesting http://www.unc.edu/depts/diplomat/AD_Issues/amdipl_1/milsvc_T1.html

You are all nice folks, but can anyone tell me how to get off this distribution list? -----Original Message----- From: Sue M [mailto:starshine166@home.com] Sent: Friday, November 23, 2001 1:41 AM To: PAGENWEB-L@rootsweb.com Subject: Re: Holiday Wishes And to you too, Renee. Hope that you had a great Turkey Day. Sue* PA-PITTSBURGH and PA-WESTMORELAND-HISTORIC list owner BALLES, ECKER, KELLAWAY, KELLOWAY, MCCALLISTER, MCALLISTER, SKELLY surname list owner. Adoption, Mystery, Horror, Stay-At-Home-Moms, M-W- C, Nost-TV, Palm-Gen and Westie community lists owner. ----- Original Message ----- From: <Reneelwaring@aol.com> To: <PAGENWEB-L@rootsweb.com> Sent: Thursday, November 22, 2001 6:21 AM Subject: Holiday Wishes > I would like to wish everyone a safe food filled holiday. God Bless and > Happy Thanksgiving. > > Renee Waring > > ______________________________ --- Checked by AVG anti-virus system (http://www.grisoft.com). Version: 6.0.298 / Virus Database: 161 - Release Date: 11/14/2001

Hi List Members: I am considering starting my own family web page, and I am gathering information from various sources since I have no experience. I hope those of you with family web pages will be able to take a moment and offer some insight. I am looking for a website that will: 1. Provide me with the ability to post my family genealogy in a manner that is easy for others to understand. 2. Allow me to add music. 3. Allow space to put pictures, recipes, or any kind of text. 4. Allow me to require a password for entry, if I choose. I guess I am looking for something that will offer a wide-range of options that are easy to put together, and I was just wondering what the preferred resources were for fellow genealogy enthusiasts. Thanks very much. Ronalee Schall

CIVIL WAR TRIVIA - Source:       http://www.bitsofblueandgray.com QUESTIONS ANSWERS Q: Which Union Infantry Regiment had the most Battle Deaths? A: The 5th New Hampshire Infantry Regiment had 195 Battle Deaths. Q: What physician-inventor devised a weapon for the Union army, which used only twelve of them, that was the prototype of the machine gun? A: Dr. Richard J. Gatling (The Gatling gun) Q: What two Federal generals were in command of troops at the battle of Iuka, Mississippi? A: U. S. Grant and W. S. Rosecrans. Q: What South Carolina aristocrat kept a journal that was later published as "A Diary from Dixie"? A: Mary Boykin Miller Chesnut. Q: Who was the only Jewish member of the group that functioned as a cabinet for Confederate president Jefferson Davis? A: Judah P. Benjamin, Secretary of War. Q: Who was the only civilian killed at Gettysburg? A: Jennie Wade Q: What raiders, captured by Confederates, were treated as civilian spies because they were out of uniform? A: The 24-army volunteers who followed civilian James J. andrews. (andrews Raid became known as the Great Locomotive Chase.) Q: Where did T. J. "Stonewall" Jackson die? A: Guiney Station, Virginia Q: How many men were in a Company? How many Companies in a Regiment? A: 100 men in a Company and 10 Companies in a Regiment. Q: Who were the two commanding generals at the siege of Vicksburg, Mississippi? A: U. S. Grant and John C. Pemberton Q: Who were the two commanding officers at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania? A: George G. Meade and Robert E. Lee Q: He was a teacher at VMI before the war.. name him. A: Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson Q: Many battles had more than one name, ie.: Antietam/Sharpsburg, or First Bull Run/First Manassas... there was a battle on the 30th of Jun 1862 in VA with seven names, what was it? A: It was White Oak Swamp/Frayser's Farm/Glendale/Charles City Cross Roads/Nelson's Farm/Turkey Bend/New Market Cross Roads. Q: What general frequently strolled about camp handing out Sunday school leaflets? A: Thomas Jonathan "Stonewall" Jackson Q: Who spent his first 13 months in Confederate uniform without coming under fire or taking part in a general engagement? A: Robert E. Lee Q: What was the name of the play President Lincoln attended at Ford's Theater on April 14, 1865? A: Our American Cousin. Q: What young South Carolina sergeant took water to wounded enemies and became known as the " Angel of Marye's Heights"? A: Richard Rowland Kirkland Q: Who was the Union General killed leading his men into the Battle of Gettysburg? A: General John F. Reynolds Q: Who commanded the two armies at the Battle of Nashville, Tennessee? A: George Thomas and John B. Hood. Q: What was the name of General Meade's horse? A: Old Baldy. Q: How long was andersonville in use as a prison site? A: 14 months. Q: Who was the Hero of Little Round Top? A: General Grover K. Warren Q: What two events happened July 4th, 1863 that, to many, doomed the Confederacy? A: The last day of the battle of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania and the surrender of Vicksburg, Mississippi.

And to you too, Renee. Hope that you had a great Turkey Day. Sue* PA-PITTSBURGH and PA-WESTMORELAND-HISTORIC list owner BALLES, ECKER, KELLAWAY, KELLOWAY, MCCALLISTER, MCALLISTER, SKELLY surname list owner. Adoption, Mystery, Horror, Stay-At-Home-Moms, M-W- C, Nost-TV, Palm-Gen and Westie community lists owner. ----- Original Message ----- From: <Reneelwaring@aol.com> To: <PAGENWEB-L@rootsweb.com> Sent: Thursday, November 22, 2001 6:21 AM Subject: Holiday Wishes > I would like to wish everyone a safe food filled holiday. God Bless and > Happy Thanksgiving. > > Renee Waring > > ______________________________ --- Checked by AVG anti-virus system (http://www.grisoft.com). Version: 6.0.298 / Virus Database: 161 - Release Date: 11/14/2001

CIVIL WAR TRIVIA - Source: http://www.bitsofblueandgray.com QUESTIONS ANSWERS Q: What personal tragedy struck President Jefferson Davis and his wife Varina on April 30, 1864? A: Their 5 year old son Joe Davis was killed in a fall from the high veranda at the Confederate White House in Richmond, VA. Q: How old would Abraham Lincoln have been this Feb 12th? A: Abraham Lincoln was born in 1809 and would have been 191 years old. Q: Which General had the longest last name? A: U.S. Brig. General Alexander Schimmelfennig had the longest name (14 letters) Q: We all know Lt. Gen. Thomas J. Jackson's nickname was "Stonewall", but his cousin, Major Gen. William L. Jackson also had a nickname… what was it? A: Major Gen. William L. Jackson's nickname was "Mudwall" Q: Companies within Regiments were given letters. Ten letters were used beginning with "A". Which letter did they skip? A: They skipped the letter "J" because when written, it looked too much like an "S" or an "I" Q: How many men died as a result of the Civil War? A: 627,000 men died.... more died from sickness than from the battle. Q: What happened on Feb 9th 1861? A: Jefferson Davis was elected President of the Confederate States on Feb 9th, 1861. Q: What Civil War soldier held commissions in both the USA and CSA armies simultaneously? A: Alfred Thomas Archmedes Torbert held commissions in both USA and CSA armies simultaneously. Q: What was the Union Army called at the First Battle of Bull Run? and the Confederate Army? A: At the First Battle of Bull Run the Union army was known as The Army of Northern Virginia and the Confederate army was known as The Army of the Potomac. Q: What Union Regiment had the highest number of officers killed in the Civil War? A: The 1st Maine Heavy Artillery had 32 officers killed. Q: What military command was given U. S. Grant at the start of the Civil War? A: Colonel of the 21st Illinois Infantry Q: Which Amendment to the Constitution provided for the abolition of slavery? A: 13th Q: Who was the first person to direct artillery fire for an army via aerial reconnaissance ? A: Balloonist Thaddeus Lowe, U.S.A. on September 24, 1861. Q: What was Lt. Gen Richard S. Ewell's nickname? A: "Baldy Dick" Q: Where did the largest cavalry battle of the war take place ? A: Brandy Station Virginia, June 9, 1863. Q: What primary Confederate General was killed at the Battle of Shiloh? A: Albert Sidney Johnston. Q: Approximately how far did the three-inch iron rifled ordnance gun throw its shell when elevated five degrees? A: When elevated five degrees, the three-inch rifled ordnance gun can throw its shell accurately up to 2,000 yards. Q: What Northern general was accused by northern press as being insane? A: William T. Sherman Q: How many cannon in a Union Battery? A Confederate Battery? A: 6 cannon in Union Battery and 4 cannon in Confederate Battery. Q: The melody of the popular Civil War ballad " Aura Lee" by George R. Poulton and W.W. Fosdick was later used for what twentieth century hit? A: Elvis Presley's "Love me Tender". Q: What Southern General was mortally wounded at the battle of Chancellorsville, Virginia ? A: Thomas J. Jackson Q: Who took over "Stonewall" Jackson's division after Jackson's death at Chancellorsville? A: Maj. Gen Edward Johnson

Battle-Christened Kittens On the morning of the eighth of April, 1861 (just after the battle) Corporal Ed. H----, of Company B, ------ Illinois, came running to me with three playful little kittens under his arm, peeping maliciously out of his haversack.  "Why, H-----, where in the name of all that's wonderful did you come across these kittens?" "Found 'em - ain't they beauties, though?  I say, Captain, you may have one, if you'll promise to take real good care of it." "Kittens! kittens on the Field of Shiloh ! Why," exclaimed a sergeant at my elbow, "I thought that every living thing in the shape of bird, beast and insect, was either killed by the iron hail or the thunder.  Why, they're as natural as life.  If you've no objection, I'll take one, H----." Instantly, a score of eager hands were outstretched toward the demure pussies. "Found 'em in a house over there," said H----, nodding toward a deserted cabin- "old pussy's gone off and left 'em.  Never mind, we'll take care of 'em." And well they did.  To see the men who the day before breathed nothing but dire vengeance and slaughter, nursing and feeding those motherless kittens, would have effectually dissipated any doubts the observer might have entertained concerning their genuine tenderness and sympathy.  Soldiers are immensely fond of pets ; those kittens were carried on knapsacks hundreds of miles, and when the black coffee was gulped down without a murmur, kitty would rub her paws and yawn contentedly over the cup from which she had just licked the last vestige of milk.

>From A Soldier (A letter to the editor of Arthur's Home Magazine - June 1865) Dear "Arthur:" What changes have been wrought by this war.  A few weeks ago the writer hereof was enjoying the delights of home, and cheered by the regular visit of the "Home," and many other - but none more valued - Magazine.  Now, instead of the editor's easy chair, I occupy a camp stool, and in lieu of writing "literary notices," I am inditing these lines for your pages - partly to while away the slow hours of camp life, and partly from a hope that that some heart may sympathize with my feelings.  "Only a home-sick soldier," some fair reader is saying ; but you are wrong for once.  You may better judge when you have read -- A Soldier's Revery I see, far away among the pines of the frozen North, in a plainly-furnished room, a mother and a little eight-month-old girl, with a round face and thoughtful brown eyes -- a sweet little waif, who could say "dad dad," as plainly as you, reader ; who used to listen for the footfall on the stairs, and smile so sweetly as she recognized Papa ; then she would say, "Oh Dea! so funny when she yawned.  An ambrotype is lying upon the table which was sent "for baby Mira, with a father's blessing."  A look of sorrow is in the blue eyes of the mother -- one of wonder in the brown eyes of the child.  Such eyes! one would think they saw far down the long vista of the coming years, and that the prospect was a sad one.  They are alone!  No footsteps for which to listen ; or, if any, those of strangers. But "bright are the homes that sorrows never dim," and many who read these lines find their household band still unbroken.  To such I say -- "Befriend the widow and the orphan of your soldiers -- not with money, but by lightening the load of sorrow which oppresses and sometimes overcomes them.  Speak a kindly word to the lone woman and brown eyed darlings (my eyes fill with tears as I think of mine), who, all over the land, are waiting watching and listening for one who may never come.   W.L.A.    Camp Randall, Wis, 1865

Just Before the Battle, Mother by George Frederick Root (1825-1895) Just before the battle, mother, I am thinking most of you, While upon the field we're watching With the enemy in view. Comrades brave are 'round me lying, Filled with thoughts of home and God For well they know that on the morrow, Some will sleep beneath the sod. CHORUS: Farewell, mother, you may never Press me to your breast again, But, oh, you'll not forget me, mother, If I'm numbered with the slain. Oh, I long to see you, mother, And the loving ones at home, But I'll never leave our banner, Till in honor I can come. Tell the traitors all around you That their cruel words we know, In every battle kill our soldiers By the help they give the foe. Hark! I hear the bugles sounding, 'Tis the signal for the fight, Now, may God protect us, mother, As He ever does the right. Hear the "Battle-Cry of Freedom," How it swells upon the air, Oh, yes, we'll rally 'round the standard, Or we'll perish nobly there. http://www.bitsofblueandgray.com/songlist.htm

I would like to wish everyone a safe food filled holiday. God Bless and Happy Thanksgiving. Renee Waring

I've been helping follow up on the Andertons of the Kirkham - Clifton area near Preston in Lancashire recently and we have come across a Pennsylvannia / Irish / Lancashire connection. This is a summary of the household in Clifton with a child born in the States. Richard is, I am told, the only Anderton in the 1881 UK census born in America. 3. Marsh Cottage Francis ANDERTON | b.1852/4 Galway, Ir <1,2> [28 in 1881, 39 in 1891] | d.post 1891 <2> | m.1874/5 <1> Margaret [Unknown] b.pre 1858/9 Galway, Ir <2> d.post 1891 <2> | |___Richard ANDERTON | b.1874/5 Pennsylvania, USA <2> | d.post 1891 <2> | |___Julia ANDERTON | b.1875/8 Ir <2> ">3" in 1881 | d.post 1881 <2> NB Not in the household in 1891 | |___Ann ANDERTON | b.1881 Clifton With Salwick, La, En <1> | d.post 1891 <2> | |___Lily ANDERTON | b.1882/3 Clifton, La, En <2> | d.post 1891 <2> | |___Thomas ANDERTON | b.1884/5 Clifton, La, En <2> | d.post 1891 <2> | |___Mary ANDERTON | b.1887/8 Clifton, La, En <2> | d.post 1891 <2> | |___Margaret ANDERTON | b.1888/9 Newton With Scales, La, En <2> | d.post 1891 <2> | |___Isabela ANDERTON b.1890/1 Clifton, La, En <2> d.post 1891 <2> Francis is probably the eldest son of Richard & Mary Anderton of Newton With Scales. - ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- SOURCES <1> 1881 Census <2> 1891 Census - ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- What it appears like to me is that Richard (and possibly a younger brother Thomas) left his birthplace of Clifton in Lancashire for Renvyle, Galway, where he married and raised quite a large family, including Francis. From the age of Margaret, they must have married the year of Richards birth, so perhaps there is a record of their marriage in Pa as well? Both Francis and his father Richard returned to Clifton although not before they had Julia in Ireland sometime between 1875-8. My interest in this is not simply academic - this family could give us information to the generation previous from which my friends are descended - although I must admit to being intrigued as to all these comings-and-goings Hope this rings a bell with someone. Good Hunting all Alan Anderton, Bargo NSW Australia

Hi All, I am new to this list. I am searching for Leibrook ancestors who came from Germany. Mary Leibrook, b @1825, Francis B @ 1824 and Catherine b @ 1825 were siblings - all born in Germany. Their parents were Henry Leibrook and Mary Eve Ginder, as noted on Francis' marriage record. The siblings married and settled in New Orleans as I found Catherine's marriage record from 1836, but I can't find anything earlier. Mary Leibrook m. Issac Ramsey (from PA) in New Orleans in 1841; and then married William Salisbury from VA @ 1842-43. Since Issac Ramsey was from PA, I am wondering if the Leibrooks might have also come from PA. Issac Ramsey died in West Goshen, Cheste County, PA, 1842. If anyone has a connection to the Leibrook's, Salisbury's or Ramsey's, I would like to share and exchange information. Any ideas about the Leibrook name would be appreciated. I don't find many in New Orleans. Thanks and appreciation. Rose

The next day we engaged with a boatman to take us on the canal as far as Lewistown. He belonged to Huntingdon and the canal along there had just been made. We had to wait a day or two before he could start. Going out one evening on Market (Broad) Street about to the highest ground, where the public buildings are now, all unbuilt upon them but the streets were partly graded with many low lying lots between them. I heard, I thought, a child crying in one of these holes. I went down to see but when I found water there and heard the cry more plainly, I remembered what I had heard or read about the notes of frogs in this country. Our boatman had to go up the Schuylkill past Manayunk and Reading. At Reading he had a lawsuit. Then we crossed by the Union Canal through a fertile region of German people with a sweep well at every door (Lebanon to Harrisburg). At Harrisburg a couple of negroes in shining white dress were standing on the bank near the old mulberry tree where Harris had been tied. It was Sunday. Harrisburg made but little show then, the riverbank was all in the raw and not many houses or streets were to be seen. In about two weeks we reached Lewistown one evening and stopped at Muttersbaugh. None of us were well when we landed off the canal at Lewistown unless it was stout Elijah REECE, whose confidence and patience and goodness never failed any more than his bodily vigor. We walked from Lewistown to Philipsburg, going slowly and staying overnight at Reedsville in the Seven Mountains and at Bellefonte and again at the turnpike crossing of the Little Moshannon over the Allegheny Mountain. Mrs. BLANFORD, Mrs. REECE'S mother, was ill, - had dysentery, and died of it in August 1833, a day or two after they reached Pantalla, five miles beyond Philipsburg, the walking no doubt, with the excessive July heat, rendering the attack fatal. Our boat captain was very faithful and watchful to get us inside of his little cabin after dark to avoid risk of fever and to keep us from the water etc., but we no doubt all had narrow escapes. Mrs. REECE was approaching her confinement and the poor woman must have suffered and endured most severely, for we two boys, Mrs. REECE'S brother and I were sick and sore. The pike was very dusty, in the heat, and we were not able to clean ourselves well. At Greer's (Reedsville) the landlord sent us down to the creek to wash before giving us beds and seemed to hesitate a good deal about it even then. When on the top of the mountain, in the 7 mountains between Kishacoquillas and Penn's Valley, a thunderstorm came up suddenly, such as we had never had any experience of. There was no shelter on the bald mountaintop. The wind and rain nearly swept us away. Terrified as we were by the fearful lightning and thunder we got to a tavern in the mountains and dried before getting to bed. At Bellefonte they did not want to keep us but we got lodging at Evan MILE'S, - then (1833) on the corner where Humes bank stands now (or before it was burned in 1889). This ling wearisome journey afoot through torrid heat and storms, over rock and stone most of the way and dust the rest - all strange, barren and forbidding, was very depressing and we had little to say to each other but moans and groans.