Need help finding the ancestors and descendants of Frederick BEALER. He was born in Germany in 1812. I was told he emigrated to the U.S. in 1833. He married Sylvina ROBINSON West Salem, Mercer County, PA. They had the following children: Mary Jane - married to HUBLER Caroline - married to CHRISTY Phoeba A. - married to CALVIN Louisa - married to HOOBLER Almira F. - b. 24 Jan 1857 in Jamestown, PA. married Tom BURGE in Wisconsin John William J.- married Anna? James Henry He appears in the 1860 census living in West Fallowfield Township, Crawford County. His wife Sylvina died in 1862. He remarried Jane GARWOOD in Adamsville in 1864. There was a second family with this marriage. Charles S, Amanda, and Margaret (Maggie). Charles had 5 children, Elizabeth, Gertrude, Grace, Frank, and Hazel. Margaret (Marshall) had 3 children, Fred, Bernice, and Mildred. The Rocky Glen Cemetary index in West Fallowfield Twp shows the following: BEALER, Charles Sumner 1856 - 05-25-1948 Sarah McMaster (w) 1868 - 02-13-1937 Frank Malcolm (?) 1903 - 1943 BEALER, Frederick 1812 - 09-24-1895 Sylvina (1st wife) 1822 - 1862 Jane (2nd wife) 1841 - 05-01-1907 Amanda (daughter) 1868 - 1881 MARSHALL, J.K. 1859 - 04-26-1926 Margaret F. 1866 - 10-27-1913 I would appreciate any additional information and to correspond with others researching all or part of this family. Bob Van Hees rvanhees@foxberry.net

Hello to all, can anyone tell me,is there a city dir. for springboro, Crawford co,Pa. 1910-1925? Blanche L Johnson,b.abt.1890? Pa.? she married Harvey D Baldwin,b.abt1889?Pa.? there dau. Blanche Alice Baldwin,b.10/27/1921, thank you. David..

There is a book available at Genealogylibrary.com on the Carr Family. If anyone would like a lookup please feel free to email me. IX. ELBERT EUGENE CARR (3421) born in Allegany Co., N. Y., Dec. 21, 1850, married Mary Elizabeth Clawson, Jan. 21, 1876. She was born in Crawford Co., Pa., April 17, 1852. He is in the nursery business in Erie, Pa. Their children are, 5606 1. Harry Rubert Carr, b. Jan. 29, 1877.  5607 2. Mary Carr, b. Aug. 22, 1878.  5608 3. Ada Carr, b. March 16, 1882, d. May 3, 1887.  5609 4. Bina Carr, b. July 20, 1887.  5610 5. Ralph Eugene Carr, b. July 5, 1889, d. Nov. 27, 1889.  IX. LYMAN WILSON CARR (3422) born in Crawford Co., Pa.,  Page 351 Sandy slschroe@intrepid.net

Good Morning, I am trying to find any one in Rochester who could look up a relative for me. Please e-amil me at liz@velocity.net if you can help. Thank you for your time, Liz

Hi, I am seeking the parents of Sarah ALEXANDER born either in Vermont or Massachusetts abt 1804. Her family either moved from VT or Mass into Cayuga Co. NY or a county next to it or Crawford Co. Pa by 1825-30. I am now looking for information on the ALEXANDER'S from Middlesex, Massachusetts that are from Phillip and Johanna (Roberts) ALEXANDER'S lineage. Is there a book or manuscript that has this family's lineage in it? Phillip born in Scotland.....died in Warren, NY One of Phillip's gg-grandson's went to Crawford Co Pa.....were their others as Sarah doesn't seem to fit into this gg-grandson's family either? Thanks, Selma jbonew@setnet.net

Hello all! Searching for the parents of James Manning Childs, b. 1822 in either Washington Co. NY or Crawford Co. PA, a minister for the United Brethren church in Rome Twp., died 5/18/1896 in Rome Twp. Wife was Lucinda Jennette Burton, who usually signed her name as Jennette, b. in NY, and I'm searching for her parents too. Also, seeking info on any other Childs or Harrison (from the 'English Settlement') family members from Rome, Spartanburg, Oil City, Meadville, Morris Corners, Centreville or other nearby locations around Rome. Oh--does anyone have any books from the Crawford Co. Historical Society, in particular cemetery inscriptions or local histories? Would really appreciate it if someone could do some look ups. Thanks so much! Jan Garland Oceanside CA

FROM ANCESTORY.COM "HOW TO POST GENEALOGY MESSAGES TO A LIST" ~ Make sure that the subject line is concise and reflects the information you are seeking. Many people are on several mailing lists and due the amount of mail they receive, they only have time to scan subject lines. "Need genealogy help" is not as likely to get results as a specific subject heading. If the inquiry is about an individual or family, be sure to include the surname (in caps). Other helpful info that can be included might be a date or time frame, location, or other identifying information. A commonly accepted format might be something like: PUBLIC, John Q. 1887-1934 IRL>NYC>OHIO Be creative and make your query stand out to the people that have the information you need. ~ Get to the point. Most people don't want to take the time to read a long drawn out query. The first paragraph should contain the "Who, What, Where, and When" of your request. Details can be filled in after you have gotten the attention of your targeted audience. ~ Include only one request in your post. Too many requests may decrease your chances for a response. Other inquiries can be posted separately. ~ Include places you have already checked for the information. Otherwise you may be wasting other listmembers' time, as well as your own, as you will have half a dozen replies telling you to search the obvious places that you have already checked. Let people know that these are the avenues that you have tried, and you are looking for an alternate route. ~ Capitalize SURNAMES so that they are easy to pick out of the post and subject lines. (You shouldn't capitalize an entire message as it makes it more difficult to read and some people consider it the online equivalent of shouting.) ~ Be careful with abbreviations in your query. Remember that many mailing lists have members from all parts of the world and others may not be familiar with the same abbreviations that we use. So spell it out whenever possible. This will eliminate the possibility for misinterpretation. ~ Familiarize yourself with online resources so that you don't post unnecessary requests. If you are looking for a geographic location, try some of the online maps that are available to locate an ancestor's town. -- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Barbara Farthing Bonham Summerville, SC The Family Snitch's Web http://www.tfsweb.net Mailing Lists: BEASLEY, COZART, FARTHING, NCROOTS, PACRAWFO and MDCHARLE CC for Durham, Alamance, Person Cos., NC and Rappahannock Co.,VA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

I'm busy trying to find information about Ephraim Peters,Crawford Co. (1828-1857). He (I suspect) is my great- great-grandfather. My grandmother was Carrie Celestia Peters Hays, daughter of Marvin Israel Peters and Anna Catherine Rissinger. Grandma's sister was Virginia Maude Peters - and in an effort to learn more about this family, I've been in touch with Maude's daughter Kathryn Buchanan, Indiana, PA. She recently sent this to me: Teachers at Deckard School, Wayne Twp., Crawford Co., PA - from Maude Peters' report cards: 2nd grade - 1894-1895: Jennie Dennington 3rd grade - 1895-1896: Gertrude Harry 4th grade - 1896-1897: Dora Shumaker 5th grade - 1897-1898: Gertrude Wood 6th grade - 1898-1899: Loa Peters 7th grade - 1899-1990: Uda Feldmiller 10th grade - 1901-1902: Mr. and Mrs. S. A. Willson I am particularly interested in learning more about the PETERS family - especially Marvin, his family (father Ephraim); his brothers (I think:) Charles Ephraim; and Marvin's grandfather, Adam Peters. If you have any information, I may be reached at: PATROBERTS@prodigy.net. How does Loa Peters fit into this picture? Thanks!

Hi I am looking for the parentage of Esther Koler...Kallor...Kaler. Esther was b 1827 PA. She had two brothers(that I know of) Johathan b 1825 PA. His wifes name was Sarah they had a son named John b 1850 Wis. The second brother, Elias b 1830 PA. Esthers mother name was Eliazbeth she was b 1788 PA. Esther her brothers and mother emigrated to Wisconsin in 1850. Esthers husband was Welcome Clark Palmer. I would be greateful for any help. Thanks Dorothy

Hi... My name is Vanda Greenwood and I am a Morris...my grandmother...My group is from Wales/ Ny /maybe NJ and definitely NY....Hiram Morris brn:1805 son of John Morris. John allegedly was born in 1763 and he is said to have married a Cynthia Bowers .John is said to have been a drummer in the revolution and then became a Srgt. with General Sullivan in the war. Hiram was born in 1805 the same year John died..John is said to have died in Montour Falls, although there are conflicting reports and no validation on this. Hiram had 3 siblings a John Nicol, a Clarissa , and a James B. .The James B and Clarissa I can validate as I have the letters to Hiram ,my gr grandfather from James B. Morris.John according to nonreliable DAR is said to be the illigitamate son of Robert Hunter Morris. The letters to Hiram from James B. Morris, a brother are from Cohoes N.Y.Clarissa is said to have married a Shoemaker and moved to Michigan. Hiram was an engineer. He lists his occupation as a millwright(sp). My letters are from her children Nan Shoemaker to John Benson Morris her cousin and my great grandfather. Hiram married Delana Gorton in 1827 in Painted Post New York . Delana died in Meadville Pa. in 1850 ,Hiram died in 1871 in Fairfield Twnshp. part of Meadville.When Hiram moved to Meadville ,Fairfield ,apparently Ancel Gorton came with him.Also Stephen Gorton did too. Rachael Wolcott Gorton is said to have moved their as well after Benjamin died and I believe she married a Preston.There is a Morris Road in Meadville by Frenchmans Creek..Hiram is said to have built the house there. I have letters from a Jesph Kennedy thanking Hiram for a patent re: something about a wheel for a mill.Kennedy was living in Philadelphia. They( Hiram and Dealana) had several 13 children...there is a Kittie by a second marriage for Hiram, he was married to a Mary as mentioned in his will.They are all buried at Evergreen cemetery in Meadville. One letter from Marietta D. Morris to John B. Morris says that John has a paper.She sent him her ideas for a motto and some verse.John Benson married Amelia Vandalia Alsbaugh from CherryTree,Vennango County. I have much information and many of the original documents . If you know anything about this group or would like to , please contact me at ... Of special interest to me is Hiram and ? Cynthia Bowers....I would like to know more.. Vanda444@aol.com Other surnames relating to them are Alsbaugh/Smith/Trace /Beard/Mossinger/Doughtery/Phelps/Dean/Watson/Wolcott/Preston/Shoemaker

While going through some of my grandmother's things came across the following: "A Sourvenir of our School. On the front of the card it reads "Let fate do her worst, there are moments of joy, Bright dreams of the past, which she cannot destroy; Which comes in the night time of sorrow and care, And bring back the features that joy used to wear. ---Moore Compliments of **Your Teacher. On the back - 1897 - 1898 presented to M.C. Messerall,from McDaniel School, No. 2, Wayne District, Crawford County, PA. Pupils: Cleo McDill Velma McDill Elsie McIlroy Elda Allen Lissie Resinger Edna Wentworth Lizzie Reese Emma Pechin Elda McDaniel Luella McDaniel Sylva Graham Mary Allen Nora McDaniel Charley Allen Elmer Wentworth Henry Pechin Grover Holdon Clinton Stainbrook Wesley McDaniel Charley McDaniel Arthur Reese Stanley Reese Harry Allen Frank Resinger Scott Hill Lewis Gibbens Ralph Gibbens Herbert McDill Bert Gibbens Floyd McDaniel Fred McDaniel Directors: Clark McElroy, Pres. John Smith Chas. Messerall, Sec. John McCracken Hugh Resinger, Treas. Hugh Cargo Dr. E.M. Mixer, County Supt. signed by T.A. Wentworth, Teacher

Looking for information on the marriage of Ruth D. CULVER to Sylvanus DENNIS, they were married on 20 Dec. 1868 in Linesville, Crawford Co., Pa. Were there any children of this marriage?? What happened to Ruth?? When and Where did they pass away and are buried? Any information on them would be "VERY" appreciated. Send to odie@pathwaynet.com Thank-You, Sharon

Greetings, This is my first posting to this list. Tracing the CLIFFORD family. In 1833, descendants of Isaac CLIFFORD (c. 1776 - 1831) of Hardy County, VA (now WV) moved to Meadville, Crawford County, PA. Heirs were: CLIFFORD Judy (later "Julia"), widow Children: CLIFFORD Abraham Isaac, Jr. David John Rebecca Tabitha Mary Jane PECK Eliza (CLIFFORD) John (Isaac CLIFFORD's son-in-law) Another son and heir, Jacob CLIFFORD, moved to Greene County, PA. Shows up there in 1840 Census. Interested in exchanging info with anyone researching CLIFFORD in PA, VA, WV, OH---if lines were in the U.S. by 1800. Lots of CLIFFORDs came to U.S. 1840-1860, but these lines are not my focus. Thank you. Rose rmcdaniel@erols.com

Hi Everybody! Things have been real quite lately...How about a little history! Found this old clipping from the Meadville Evening Republic Newspaper -July 13, 1945 in a scrapbook. Thought I would share it with you..... CITY MARKS 158th YEAR ON SUNDAY ------------------------------------- A historic campfire was built May 12, 1788. The scene was on the banks of French Creek -underneath a wild cherry tree near the site of the present Mercer Street bridge. The only sign of human life within seeing and hearing distance was a group of ten men who sat around a campfire. That was the founding of Meadville. Today, the banks of French Creek furnishes a clear panoramic view of the 158 year-old city - its main streets, its houses, industries, churches and schools. The ten pioneers who gathered around the fire in that twilight of 158 years ago yesterday, were Crawford County's first settlers: CORNELIUS VANHORNE and CHRISTOPHER SNYDER from New Jersey: DAVID MEAD and his brothers- DARIUS, JOHN AND JOSEPH, JOHN WATSON, THOMAS MARTIN, JAMES F. RANDOLPH and THOMAS GRANT, from Sunbury in Northumberland County, Pa. The city was one-day-old when on May 13, the pioneers erected the first building constructed by a white man-a cabin-on the corn fields between French and Cussewago creeks, not long before deserted by the Indians. The same day, they went about their spring planting. Later, VanHorne located a tract of land a mile and a half south of the original cabin, on the west side of the creek, and David MEAD first staked out what he designated "Cussewago Island," west of the creek. THOMAS GRANT was the first to select the present site for Meadville for his settlement in the summer of 1788, but he abandoned it, and DAVID MEAD took over and built a double log house on the bluff banks of French Creek. MEAD'S house, at the location of 812 Water Street, was built with provisions for defense against the Indians -surrounded by a stockade and protected by a small square log block house on the northwest corner. By that spring of '88, most of the Indians had migrated from what was to be Crawford County to the Allegheny River area, but some remained as a threat. Others remained as friends to the white man, notably an old Mohawk chief, "STRIPE NECK" who with his large family lived on the west side of French Creek in the Kerrtown area, after the early settlement, and his name was passed down through families as a great friend of the early settlers. The first white child born in Meadville was SARAH MEAD, born in the summer of 1788, in the barricaded MEAD home. Enjoy! Bev

See if you can find your home at http://terraserver.microsoft.com/ This can really be fun. Sandy Roche Schroeder slschroe@intrepid.net

This is a bonus handout to all the "Chart Lovers". I tried posting this in one installment but some people have limited size downloads (such as the Juno users, myself included). Therefore it will come to you in two parts. CENSUS RECORDS ----- GETTING THE MOST OUT OF THEM by Dan Burrows, Orange County (NY) Genealogical Society Note: This is a handout I use when giving a lecture at our annual basic genealogiy course. It contains a couple of paragraphs on NYS Census research also. FEDERAL CENSUS RETURNS 1790 - 1920 (and beyond) Census returns are beyond doubt the most informative source of genealogical information for the period of 1790 through 1920 (and beyond). It cannot be over emphasized that every possible census must be researched and compared for every person of your surname of interest in order to get a full picture of the family structures they enumerate. The first Federal Census was taken in 1790 as a method of proportioning representatives in the government as well as a means distributing the tax burden according to the spread of the population. A count of able bodied men for military purposes cannot be overlooked either. An excellent genealogical research tool is merely a great byproduct of this endeavor. The 1790 census enumeration was limited in that its purpose was to count the population. It did so by listing the number of males under 16, males 16 & over, and females (all ages listed together). There was also a column for slaves and another for "other free persons". Fortunately the names of heads of households were listed. In 1908 the 1790 census was printed in book form for each state and nicely indexed. It is of course advisable to look at the original (on microfilm), especially if you cannot find the family where they should have been. These statewide indexes are a great aid in locating families when you are not sure where they lived within a state. The federal census records from 1800 through 1840 are also very limited in information. They also list the name of the head of household and a breakdown of household members by sex and age. The age increments, as we shall see, became smaller with each succeeding census allowing us to get a closer idea to the ages of each child. As earlier stated, only by comparing all available census years for a family and all persons of your surname of interest, can you get them most out of these early enumerations. The information, when combined and studied, can easily lead you to other sources such as deeds, wills, church or other local records. The censuses of 1800 and 1810 listed five age categories for white males and 5 for white females, but otherwise contained no more information than the 1790 census. The census of 1820 added one addition age category for white males in addition to giving age categories for other free male and female persons. It asked how many "foreign and not naturalized" and whether engaged in agriculture, commerce, or manufacturing. The census of 1830 listed 13 age categories for white males and 13 for white females, 6 each for other free persons and 6 each for slaves. The family picture begins to get much clearer at this point but we must remember that all person listed were not necessarily family members. Questions about the blind, deaf and dumb were asked for the first time. The census of 1840 had the same age and sex breakdowns but counted persons engaged in mining, agriculture, commerce, manufacturing, ocean navigation, canal or lake or river navigation, and learned professors and engineers. The often overlooked bonus of the 1840 census was the listing of names and ages of revolutionary war pensioners. Beginning with the censuses of 1850 and 1860, a clearer picture of the households can now be seen. Besides the head of household, other persons living in the house are listed showing their sex, age, color, profession, value of real estate, place of birth, married within the year, in school within the year, able to read & write, and whether or not deaf & dumb, blind, insane, idiotic, pauper, or convict. There are also slave schedules listing the owner of the slaves and other information by age and sex. The information that you have assembled from the various previous census schedules will probably start to take better shape. You may also find a few surprises. It cannot be over emphasized that it is equally, if not more, important with these records to record all information from each census year about all the persons of your surname of interest in the locality (and surrounding areas) you are searching. A household with just one person with your surname might later turn out to be important relatives that will lead you to more information. The census of 1870 adds information about value of personal property, whether or not the parents are foreign born, and the month of birth or marriages if the event occurred within the year. It was asked whether or not the males were eligible to vote. The census of 1880 is in a class of its own due to the fact that relationships to the head of household (but not to each other) are now added and no longer have to be guessed at. Do not assume the relationship is as stated -- perhaps the niece is really just a wife of a nephew. Marital status, health questions, and unemployment questions are asked. Alleged states or countries of birth are listed for each person's father and mother (these are often incorrect). A partial Soundex index (households with children under the age of ten) was done by state will be discussed under indexes. The census of 1890 has mostly destroyed by fire in 1921. Very little exists at all but the Veterans (or widow of a veteran) special census also taken that year has survived. The census of 1900 added the questions of "month and year" of birth of each individual, "number of years married", and the "mother of how many children". Important questions of "year of immigration and "number of years in the US" along with occupational, educational, and financial information make this a gold mine of information. The census of 1910 asked how many children still living, what language spoken, and if a Civil War Veteran in addition to the same questions as the 1900 census except birth date was omitted. The census of 1920 was similar to the 1910 but also asked the "mother tongue of the parents of each individual. A sneak preview of the census of 1930 shows that they asked if a radio was owned, age at first marriage, and if a veteran of any war. STATE CENSUS RECORDS Many states have taken their own census enumeration and they are readily available through filming of the Mormon Church at government centers. For the most part they are not indexed and availability varies with locality. State Census Records by Ann Lainhart will give you a listing state by state of which censuses are available. New York State conducted census enumeration for 1825, 1835, and 1845 that were similar to the federal returns for that period in that they only listed the head of household and grouped the rest of the household by age and sex. 1855, 1865, and 1875 took the format of the 1850 Federal census with the major difference being that relationship to head of household was given. The 1865 and 1875 NY State censuses also contained deaths and marriages for the period of 1 year prior to the census date of June 1st -- a great source of untapped vital records for the most part. The 1865 NYS census also listed persons who had died in or of injuries from the Civil War since April 1861. Probably the most important NY State census enumeration is the 1892 which was kind of the halfway mark between the 1875 and 1905 that nicely fills the gap left by the destruction of the 1890 Federal Census. Unfortunately many have been lost including Orange County but they do exist for some other areas. 1905, 1915, & 1925 have been a great help in recent years because of the delayed release dates of the Federal 1910, 1920 and the anticipated release of the 1930. State censuses are not indexed unless done locally. Again -- check all censuses and all families with your surname of interest. INDEXES FOR 1790 THROUGH 1870 FEDERAL CENSUSES There are now indexes for the 1800 through 1860 (and some 1870) in book form by state. Remember the printed 1790 had its self contained index. Never assume the surname is was spelled as you know it now. These indexes can be very helpful but bear in mind there are certainly a multitude of mistakes contained within them and they certainly not complete. Names were misread and occasionally skipped, and some of the basic index rules were not followed to the letter. Naturally 1800 - 1840 indexes contain only the head of household while the 1850 and later indexes also list a person who lived in a household with a different surname and sometimes the person at the top of the next page even if they have the same surname. This can be very helpful when trying to locate all family members as many times older children were hired out and living with friends, neighbors, and often relatives. ___________________________________________________________________ You don't need to buy Internet access to use free Internet e-mail. Get completely free e-mail from Juno at http://www.juno.com Or call Juno at (800) 654-JUNO [654-5866]

This is part 2 of 2 of a class handout used in our annual basic genealogy course. SOUNDEX FOR 1880, 1900, 1910, & 1920 To find an individual name among the millions listed in the 1880, 1900, 1910 (Only 21 States were indexed in 1910, New York not included) or 1920 Census records you must use an indexing and filing system known as Soundex. The Soundex is a coded surname index based on the way a name sounds rather than the way it is spelled. In this way Smith, Smyth, Smithe, and Smit will be filed together allowing you to easily find a surname recorded under various spellings. The 1880 Soundex was limited and only indexed families that contained children under the age of ten. If the child was not a child of head of house hold, he and the family were indexed on separate cards. To search for a surname, you must work out the Soundex Code, which will consist of the first letter of the surname followed by 3 numbers. These numbers are figured according to the Soundex coding guide listed below. SOUNDEX CODING GUIDE The number Represents the letters 1 B P F V 2 C S K G J Q X Z 3 D T 4 L 5 M N 6 R Disregard the letters A E I O U W Y H Most surnames can be coded using the following 4 steps. See the three special easy rules below that apply for surnames with double letters, letters side by side that have the same number on the Soundex Coding Guide, or surnames that have prefixes: Step 1 On line 1, write the surname you are coding. Step 2 On line 2, write just the first letter of the surname. Step 3 On line 1, disregard the first letter and slash through the remaining letters A, E, I, O, U, W, Y, and H. Step 4 On line 2, write the numbers found on the Soundex Coding Guide for the first three remaining un-slashed letters Note: Since there must be three numbers, use only the first three code numbers in long names. Names that have less than 3 code numbers, simply add "Zeros" to the end to obtain your three numbers. If your surname has double letters, they should be treated as one letter. Slash out the second "r" in the name "Burrows" and the second "l" in Lloyd. If your surname has letters side by side that happen to have the same number from the Soundex Coding Guide, keep only the first letter and slash out the remaining side by side letters that have the same code.. Slash out the "K" and the "S" in the name "Jackson" It does not matter where the side by side letters are located. Even if the first two letters of the name such as "Pfister", the f would be slashed out. If your surname has a prefix such as Van, Von, De, Di, or Le the Soundex Code should be figured both with and without the prefix because it might be listed under either code. (Mc and Mac are not considered prefixes) GETTING MORE THAN MEETS THE EYE OUT OF CENSUS Now that we have discussed what can be obviously be found in the various census returns, let us move on to the not so obvious. In the census returns that show the birthplace of an individual and the birth place of the individual's parents, much circumstantial evidence is present as to the family structure. If it shows the mother of the household's place of birth as New York but the place of birth of some or all of the children's mother as Massachusetts, one can start making other assumptions as to how many wives the husband had and which children if not all might be from another marriage. The presence of an elderly person in the household of the same surname might indicate a parent, aunt or uncle of the husband. If the surname is different, it might be a mother or father in law and watch out for remarriages of this newly found grandma before jumping to the conclusions that you have discovered a maiden name for the wife. Always take note of the families nearby (census takers usually took the houses in order that they were situated) and also take note of any families that are housing one person of your surname of interest. The data you transcribe in doing this will very often reap rewards of family connections later down the line. Take note of the places of birth of your family and the other families in the area with the same origins whether it be the same state or the same country. You will often find that people moved in groups or invited friends and relatives from their former home to join them. Taking note of the places of birth of all the children can tell a story of family movement and judging from the length of time they lived in a particular area (perhaps 3 children were born in Vermont over a 10 year period) one can determine whether or not a search for a deed or other documents in that area would be worthwhile. The education of a family can be determined from the number in a family who can read and write and if the children did or did not attend school. The value of property and other monetary facts might give you a clue as to whether a will or other estate papers might be found. It could also help you determine whether they might be mentioned in a local history. MORTALITY SCHEDULES Beginning with the 1850 Federal Census and ending with the 1880, Congress authorized a listing of persons who died within the census year to be entered into a separate schedule. These 4 sets of records were turned over to the States in 1918-19 and those few states that did not want them had theirs sent to the National DAR Library who in 1980 turned them back over to the National Archives. These are not on the same roll of film as the regular census records and must be consulted on either microfilm or in the location at the state level where they were deposited. NYS Mortality Schedules are at the State Library. The type of information typically found in Mortality Schedules is the name of the person, his age, sex, state of birth, month of death and cause of death. The 1880 schedules also included the state of birth of each parent of the deceased, but not their names. LIMITATIONS AND PITFALLS OF CENSUS RESEARCH Now that the good possibilities of census searching have been covered, it is equally important to look at the limitations and other downsides of this research tool. Due to the fact that federal census enumeration was not done until 1790, a large gap is open in American History and other records must be used for the colonial period. As before mentioned, earlier census records give far less information that those taken in 1850 and later. Many families were missed completely and others listed twice during enumeration because of the length of time needed to take a complete census combined with the mobility of American families. Earlier censuses took 9 months to complete. In 1850 the time was reduced to 6 months and in 1870 it was further reduced to 1 month. Many families that lived in multiple dwelling units were missed because the census taker did not know that a large house had more than one family. Schedules for certain census years are completely missing for some counties or even entire states. Incorrect data was given to enumerators by family members. Anyone who has researched multiple census schedules for a particular family can tell you of the inconsistencies in ages, places of birth and other important data. It is often hard to tell whether the errors were intentional or not and who made the errors. Was dad's memory slipping? Did the enumerator not care or was he hard of hearing. Was the information given by a child home alone or did the neighbor supply the information. Perhaps an enumerator being paid by the number of families he counted deliberately list a family twice but changed the data slightly to make it look good. Even though the census page you are researching was taken on a certain date, only the information for the census year was to be included. If a child was born on Aug. 2nd, the just before the census taker took the information, he would not be listed in the enumeration if the census date was June 1st. The census dates for various years are as follows: 1790 - 1820 First Monday in August; 1830 - 1900 June 1st; 1910 April 15th; 1920 January 1st; 1930 - present April 1st. SOME DO'S AND DON'TS WITH CENSUS RECORDS Do not stop with Soundex finds -- do look at the original record. Do not assume census indexes are correct or complete Do not assume spellings are as you think Do not assume relationships are exactly as stated Do not assume a wife is the mother of all or any of the listed children Do not assume ages listed are correct Do take note of all of your surname in the county and pay close attention to the neighbors of your ancestors Do study all possible census years for your family Do copy down all information from all columns and the top of page also Do believe that all census records are important -- even the earlier ones Do make use of the Veteran's column in the 1840 census Do use the 1890 Veterans ( and widows of Veterans) Schedules Do use the state census records Do not believe all census data to be true and correct Do study the enumerator's handwriting so you can make comparisons Do watch for families split onto two pages with the surname not repeated at the top of the next page Do try to find your ancestors in every census taken in their life time. Do check family histories and other sources of neighbors who might have come from the same state to locate a town of residence if you can not determine that information on your ancestor Do remember that when searching an entire town for ancestor, the town enumeration may be split and not be kept together on the film --- cities are often listed separately from the town they are connected with Do take note of real estate and personal property values to determine if a deed or will search is appropriate Do use maps in conjunction with your census searching Do search across state, county, and town lines if your ancestors lived near a border Do go back and look again at census records to see what you might of missed -- especially if you have learned of new surnames (maiden names) or other family connections Do consider typographical errors when using indexes -- know the keyboard and what letters could have been punched in by mistake ___________________________________________________________________ You don't need to buy Internet access to use free Internet e-mail. Get completely free e-mail from Juno at http://www.juno.com Or call Juno at (800) 654-JUNO [654-5866]

This is part 1 of the final chart of the series. Please share this information and feel free to re-publish or re-post. No permission needed Dan Burrows dburrows1@juno.com ABSTRACT - Summary of important points of a given text, especially deeds and wills. ACRE - See measurements. ADMINISTRATION (of estate) - The collection, management and distribution of an estate by proper legal process. ADMINISTRATOR (of estate) - Person appointed to manage or divide the estate of a deceased person. ADMINISTRATRIX - A female administrator. AFFIDAVIT - A statement in writing, sworn to before proper authority. ALIEN - Foreigner. AMERICAN REVOLUTION - U.S. war for independence from Great Britain 1775 - 1783. ANCESTOR - A person from whom you are descended; a forefather. ANTE - Latin prefix meaning before, such as in ante-bellum South, "The South before the war" APPRENTICE - One who is bound by indentures or by legal agreement or by any means to serve another person for a certain time, with a view of learning an art or trade. APPURTENANCE - That which belongs to something else such as a building, orchard, right of way, etc. ARCHIVES - Records of a government, organization, institution; the place where records are stored. ATTEST - To affirm; to certify by signature or oath. BANNS - Public announcement of intended marriage. BENEFICIARY - One who receives benefit of trust or property. BEQUEATH - To give personal property to a person in a will. Noun -- bequest. BOND - Written, signed, witnessed agreement requiring payment of a specified amount of money on or before a given date. BOUNTY LAND WARRANT - A right to obtain land, specific number of acres of unallocated public land, granted for military service. CENSUS - Official enumeration, listing or counting of citizens. CERTIFIED COPY - A copy made and attested to by officers having charge of the original and authorized to give copies. CHAIN - See measurements. CHATTEL - Personal property which can include animate as well as inanimate properties. CHRISTEN - To receive or initiate into the visible church by baptism; to name at baptism; to give a name to. CIRCA - About, near, or approximate -- usually referring to a date. CIVIL WAR - War between the States; war between North and South, 1861 - 65. CODICIL - Addition to a will. COLLATERAL ANCESTOR - Belong to the same ancestral stock but not in direct line of descent; opposed to lineal such as aunts, uncles & cousins. COMMON ANCESTOR - Ancestor shared by any two people. CONFEDERATE - Pertaining to the Southern states which seceded from the U.S. in 1860 - 1, their government and their citizens. CONSANGUINITY - Blood relationship. CONSORT - Usually, a wife whose husband is living CONVEYANCE - See deed. COUSIN - Relative descended from a common ancestor, but not a brother or sister. DAUGHTER-IN-LAW - Wife of one's son. DECEASED - Dead. DECEDENT - A deceased person. DECLARATION OF INTENTION - First paper, sworn to and filed in court, by an alien stating that he wants to be come a citizen. DEED - A document by which title in real property is transferred from one party to another. DEPOSITION - A testifying or testimony taken down in writing under oath of affirmation in reply to interrogatories, before a competent officer to replace to oral testimony of a witness. DEVISE - Gift of real property by will. DEVISEE - One to whom real property (land) is given in a will. DEVISOR - One who gives real property in a will. DISSENTER - One who did not belong to the established church, especially the Church of England in the American colonies. DISTRICT LAND OFFICE PLAT BOOK - Books or rather maps which show the location of the land patentee. DISTRICT LAND OFFICE TRACT BOOK - Books which list individual entries by range and township. DOUBLE DATING - A system of double dating used in England and America from 1582-1752 because it was not clear as to whether the year commenced January 1 or March 25 DOWER - Legal right or share which a wife acquired by marriage in the real estate of her husband, allotted to her after his death for her lifetime. EMIGRANT - One leaving a country and moving to another. ENUMERATION - Listing or counting , such as a census. EPITAPH - An inscription on or at a tomb or grave in memory of the one buried there. ESCHEAT - The reversion of property to the state when there are no qualified heirs. ESTATE - All property and debts belonging to a person. ET AL - Latin for "and others". ET UX - Latin for "and wife". ET UXOR - And his wife. Sometimes written simply Et Ux. EXECUTOR - One appointed in a will to carry out its provisions. Female = Executrix FATHER-IN-LAW - Father of one's spouse. FEE - An estate of inheritance in land, being either fee simple or fee tail. An estate in land held of a feudal lord on condition of the performing of certain services. FEE SIMPLE - An absolute ownership without restriction. FEE TAIL - An estate of inheritance limited to lineal descendant heirs of a person to whom it was granted. FRANKLIN, STATE OF - An area once known but never officially recognized and was under consideration from 1784 - 1788 from the western part of North Carolina. FRATERNITY - Group of men (or women) sharing a common purpose or interest. FREE HOLD - An estate in fee simple, in fee tail, or for life. FRIEND - Member of the Religious Society of Friends; a Quaker. FURLONG - See measurements. GAZETTEER - A geographical dictionary; a book giving names and descriptions of places usually in alphabetical order. GENEALOGY - Study of family history and descent. GENTLEMAN - A man well born. GIVEN NAME - Name given to a person at birth or baptism, one's first and middle names. GLEBE - Land belonging to a parish church. GRANTEE - One who buys property or receives a grant. GRANTOR - One who sells property or makes a grant. GREAT-AUNT - Sister of one's grandparent GREAT-UNCLE - Brother of one's grandparent. GUARDIAN - Person appointed to care for and manage property of a minor orphan or an adult incompetent of managing his own affairs. HALF BROTHER/HALF SISTER - Child by another marriage of one's mother or father; the relationship of two people who have only one parent in common. HEIRS - Those entitled by law or by the terms of a will to inherit property from another. HOLOGRAPHIC WILL - One written entirely in the testator's own handwriting. HOMESTEAD ACT - Law passed by Congress in 1862 allowing a head of a family to obtain title to 160 acres of public land after clearing and improving it for 5 years. HUGUENOT - A French Protestant in the 16th and 17th centuries. One of the reformed or calvinistic communion who were driven by the thousands into exile in England, Holland, Germany and America. ILLEGITIMATE - Born to a mother who was not married to the child's father. IMMIGRANT - One moving into a country from another. INDENTURE - Today it means a contract in 2 or more copies. Originally made in 2 parts by cutting or tearing a single sheet across the middle in a jagged line so the two parts may later be matched. INDENTURED SERVANT - One who bound himself into service of another person for a specified number of years, often in return for transportation to this country. INFANT - Any person not of full age; a minor. INSTANT - Of or pertaining to the current month. (Abbreviated inst.) INTESTATE - One who dies without a will or dying without a will. INVENTORY - An account, catalog or schedule, made by an executor or administrator of all the goods and chattels and sometimes of the real estate of a deceased person. ISSUE - Offspring; children; lineal descendants of a common ancestor. LATE - Recently deceased. LEASE - An agreement which creates a landlord - tenant situation. LEGACY - Property or money left to someone in a will LEGISLATURE - Lawmaking branch of state or national government; elected group of lawmakers. LIEN - A claim against property as security for payment of a debt. LINEAGE - Ancestry; direct descent from a specific ancestor. LINEAL - Consisting of or being in as direct line of ancestry or descendants; descended in a direct line. LINK - See measurements. LIS PENDENS - Pending court action; usually applies to land title claims. LODGE - A chapter or meeting hall of a fraternal organization. LOYALIST - Tory, an American colonist who supported the British side during the American Revolution. --------- End forwarded message ---------- ___________________________________________________________________ You don't need to buy Internet access to use free Internet e-mail. Get completely free e-mail from Juno at http://www.juno.com Or call Juno at (800) 654-JUNO [654-5866]

This is part 2 of the final chart of the series. . Please share this information and feel free to re-publish or re-post. No permission needed. Dan Burrows dburrows1@juno.com MAIDEN NAME - A girl's last name or surname before she marries. MANUSCRIPT - A composition written with the hand as an ancient book or an un-printed modern book or music. MARRIAGE BOND - A financial guarantee that no impediment to the marriage existed, furnished by the intended bridegroom or by his friends. MATERNAL - Related through one's mother, such as a Maternal grandmother being the mother's mother. MEASUREMENTS - Link - 7.92 inches; Chain - 100 Links or 66 feet; Furlong - 1000 Links or 660 feet; Rod - 5 1/2 yds or 16 1/2 ft (also called a perch or pole); Rood - From 5 1/2 yards to 8 yards, depending on locality; Acre - 43,560 square ft or 160 square rods. MESSUAGE - A dwelling house. METES & BOUNDS - Property described by natural boundaries, such as 3 notches in a white oak tree, etc. MICROFICHE - Sheet of microfilm with greatly reduced images of pages of documents. MICROFILM - Reproduction of documents on film at reduced size. MIGRANT - Person who moves from place to place, usually in search of work MIGRATE - To move from one country or state or region to another. (Noun : migration) MILITIA - Citizens of a state who are not part of the national military forces but who can be called into military service in an emergency; a citizen army, apart from the regular military forces. MINOR - One who is under legal age; not yet a legal adult. MISTER - In early times, a title of respect given only to those who held important civil officer or who were of gentle blood. MOIETY - A half; an indefinite portion MORTALITY - Death; death rate. MORTALITY SCHEDULES - Enumeration of persons who died during the year prior to June 1 of 1850, 1860, 1870, and 1880 in each state of the United States, conducted by the bureau of census. MORTGAGE - A conditional transfer of title to real property as security for payment of a debt. MOTHER-IN-LAW - Mother of one's spouse. NAMESAKE - Person named after another person. NECROLOGY - Listing or record of persons who have died recently NEE - Used to identify a woman's maiden name; born with the surname of.NEPHEW - Son of one's brother or sister. NIECE - Daughter of one's brother or sister. NONCUPATIVE WILL - One declared or dictated by the testator, usually for persons in last sickness, sudden illness, or military. ORPHAN - Child whose parents are dead; sometimes, a child who has lost one parent by death. ORPHAN'S COURT - Orphans being recognized as wards of the states, provisions were made for them in special courts. PASSENGER LIST - A ships list of passengers, usually referring to those ships arriving in the US from Europe. PATENT - Grant of land from a government to an individual. PATERNAL - Related to one's father. Paternal grandmother is the father's mother. PATRIOT - One who loves his country and supports its interests. PEDIGREE - Family tree; ancestry. PENSION - Money paid regularly to an individual, especially by a government as reward for military service during wartime or upon retirement from government service. PENSIONER - One who receives a pension. PERCH - See measurements. POLE - See measurements. POLL - List or record of persons, especially for taxing or voting. POST - Latin prefix meaning after, as in post-war economy. POSTERITY - Descendants; those who come after. POWER OF ATTORNEY - When a person in unable to act for himself, he appoints another to act in his behalf. PRE - Latin prefix meaning before, as in pre-war military build-up. PRE-EMOTION RIGHTS - Right given by the federal government to citizens to buy a quarter section of land or less. PROBATE - Having to do with wills and the administration of estates. PROGENITOR - A direct ancestor. PROGENY - Descendants of a common ancestor; issue. PROVED WILL - A will established as genuine by probate court. PROVOST - A person appointed to superintend, or preside over something. PROXIMO - In the following month, in the month after the present one. PUBLIC DOMAIN - Land owned by the government. QUAKER - Member of the Religious Society of Friends. QUITCLAIM - A deed conveying the interest of the party at that time. RECTOR - A clergyman; the ruler or governor of a country. RELICT - Widow; surviving spouse when one has died, husband or wife. REPUBLIC - Government in which supreme authority lies with the people or their elected representatives. REVOLUTIONARY WAR - U.S. war for independence from Great Britain 1775 - 1783. ROD - See measurements. ROOD - See measurements. SHAKER - Member of a religious group formed in 1747 which practiced communal living and celibacy. SIBLING - Person having one or both parents in common with another; a brother or sister. SIC - Latin meaning thus; copied exactly as the original reads. Often suggests a mistake or surprise in the original. SON-IN-LAW - Husband of one's daughter. SPINSTER - A woman still unmarried; or one who spins. SPONSOR - A bondsman; surety. SPOUSE - Husband or wife. STATUTE - Law. STEP-BROTHER / STEP-SISTER - Child of one's step-father or step-mother. STEP-CHILD - Child of one's husband or wife from a previous marriage. STEP-FATHER - Husband of one's mother by a later marriage. STEP-MOTHER - Wife of one's father by a later marriage. SURNAME - Family name or last name. TERRITORY - Area of land owned by the united States, not a state, but having its own legislature and governor. TESTAMENTARY - Pertaining to a will. TESTATE - A person who dies leaving a valid will. TESTATOR - A person who makes a valid will before his death. TITHABLE - Taxable. TITHE - Formerly, money due as a tax for support of the clergy or church. TORY - Loyalist; one who supported the British side in the American Revolution. TOWNSHIP - A division of U.S. public land that contained 36 sections, or 36 square miles. Also a subdivision of the county in many Northeastern and Midwestern states of the U.S. TRADITION - The handing down of statements, beliefs, legends, customs, genealogies, etc. from generation to generation, especially by word of mouth. TRANSCRIBE - To make a copy in writing. ULTIMO - In the month before this one. UNION - The United States; also the North during the Civil War, the states which did not secede. VERBATIM - Word for word; in the same words, verbally. VITAL RECORDS - Records of birth, death, marriage or divorce. VITAL STATISTICS - Data dealing with birth, death, marriage or divorce. WAR BETWEEN THE STATES - U.S. Civil War, 1861 - 1865. WARD - Chiefly the division of a city for election purposes. WILL - Document declaring how a person wants his property divided after his death. WITNESS - One who is present at a transaction, such as a sale of land or signing of a will, who can testify or affirm that it actually took place. WPA HISTORICAL RECORDS SURVEY - A program undertaken by the US Government 1935 - 1936 in which inventories were compiled of historical material. YEOMAN - A servant, an attendant or subordinate official in a royal household; a subordinate of a sheriff; an independent farmer. --------- End forwarded message ---------- ___________________________________________________________________ You don't need to buy Internet access to use free Internet e-mail. Get completely free e-mail from Juno at http://www.juno.com Or call Juno at (800) 654-JUNO [654-5866]

This is Number 3 in a series of 4 charts full of Genealogical Info. Because of the size, this is split into two postings Print or save to file. Republish or forward -- no permission needed. Dan Burrows dburrows1@juno.com King's evil - Tuberculosis of neck and lymph glands Kruchhusten - Whooping cough Lagrippe - Influenza Lockjaw - Tetanus or infectious disease affecting the muscles of the neck and jaw. Untreated, it is fatal in 8 days Long sickness - Tuberculosis Lues disease - Syphilis Lues venera - Venereal disease Lumbago - Back pain Lung fever - Pneumonia Lung sickness - Tuberculosis Lying in - Time of delivery of infant Malignant sore throat - Diphtheria Mania - Insanity Marasmus - Progressive wasting away of body, like malnutrition Membranous Croup - Diphtheria Meningitis - Inflations of brain or spinal cord Metritis - Inflammation of uterus or purulent vaginal discharge Miasma - Poisonous vapors thought to infect the air Milk fever - Disease from drinking contaminated milk, like undulant fever or brucellosis Milk leg - Post partum thrombophlebitis Milk sickness - Disease from milk of cattle which had eaten poisonous weeds Mormal - Gangrene Morphew - Scurvy blisters on the body Mortification - Gangrene of necrotic tissue Myelitis - Inflammation of the spine Myocarditis - Inflammation of heart muscles Necrosis - Mortification of bones or tissue Nephrosis - Kidney degeneration Nepritis - Inflammation of kidneys Nervous prostration - Extreme exhaustion from inability to control physical and mental activities Neuralgia - Described as discomfort, such as "Headache" was neuralgia in head Nostalgia - Homesickness Palsy - Paralysis or uncontrolled movement of controlled muscles. It was listed as "Cause of death" Paroxysm - Convulsion Pemphigus - Skin disease of watery blisters Pericarditis - Inflammation of heart Peripneumonia - Inflammation of lungs Peritonotis - Inflammation of abdominal area Petechial Fever - Fever characterized by skin spotting Puerperal exhaustion - Death due to child birth Phthiriasis - Lice infestation Phthisis - Chronic wasting away or a name for tuberculosis Plague - An acute febrile highly infectious disease with a high fatality rate Pleurisy - Any pain in the chest area with each breath Podagra - Gout Poliomyelitis - PolioPotter's asthma - Fibroid pthisis Pott's disease - Tuberculosis of spine Puerperal exhaustion - Death due to childbirth Puerperal fever - Elevated temperature after giving birth to an infant Puking fever - Milk sickness Putrid fever - Diphtheria. Quinsy - Tonsillitis. Remitting fever - Malaria Rheumatism - Any disorder associated with pain in joints Rickets - Disease of skeletal system Rose cold - Hay fever or nasal symptoms of an allergy Rotanny fever - (Child's disease) ??? Rubeola - German measles Sanguineous crust - Scab Scarlatina - Scarlet fever Scarlet fever - A disease characterized by red rash Scarlet rash - Roseola Sciatica - Rheumatism in the hips Scirrhus - Cancerous tumors Scotomy - Dizziness, nausea and dimness of sight Scrivener's palsy - Writer's cramp Screws - Rheumatism Scrofula - Tuberculosis of neck lymph glands. Progresses slowly with abscesses and pistulas develop. Young person's disease Scrumpox - Skin disease, impetigo Scurvy - Lack of vitamin C. Symptoms of weakness, spongy gums and hemorrhages under skin Septicemia - Blood poisoning Shakes - Delirium tremens Shaking - Chills, ague Shingles - Viral disease with skin blisters Ship fever - Typhus Siriasis - Inflammation of the brain due to sun exposure Sloes - Milk sickness Small pox - Contagious disease with fever and blisters Softening of brain - Result of stroke or hemorrhage in the brain, with an end result of the tissue softening in that area Sore throat distemper - Diphtheria or quinsy Spanish influenza - Epidemic influenza Spasms - Sudden involuntary contraction of muscle or group of muscles, like a convulsion Spina bifida - Deformity of spine Spotted fever - Either typhus or meningitis Sprue - Tropical disease characterized by intestinal disorders and sore throat St. Anthony's fire - Also erysipelas, but named so because of affected skin areas are bright red in appearance St. Vitas dance - Ceaseless occurrence of rapid complex jerking movements performed involuntary Stomatitis - Inflammation of the mouth Stranger's fever - Yellow fever Strangery - Rupture Sudor anglicus - Sweating sickness Summer complaint - Diarrhea, usually in infants caused by spoiled milk Sunstroke - Uncontrolled elevation of body temperature due to environment heat. Lack of sodium in the body is a predisposing cause Swamp sickness - Could be malaria, typhoid or encephalitis Sweating sickness - Infectious and fatal disease common to UK in 15th century Tetanus - Infectious fever characterized by high fever, headache and dizziness Thrombosis - Blood clot inside blood vessel Thrush - Childhood disease characterized by spots on mouth, lips and throat Tick fever - Rocky mountain spotted fever Toxemia of pregnancy - Eclampsia Trench mouth - Painful ulcers found along gum line, Caused by poor nutrition and poor hygiene Tussis convulsiva - Whooping cough Typhus - Infectious fever characterized high fever, headache, and dizziness Variola - Smallpox Venesection - Bleeding Viper's dance - St. Vitus Dance Water on brain - Enlarged head White swelling - Tuberculosis of the bone Winter fever - Pneumonia Womb fever - Infection of the uterus. Worm fit - Convulsions associated with teething, worms, elevated temperature or diarrhea Yellowjacket - Yellow fever. ___________________________________________________________________ You don't need to buy Internet access to use free Internet e-mail. Get completely free e-mail from Juno at http://www.juno.com Or call Juno at (800) 654-JUNO [654-5866]