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    1. [PACHESTE] Re. Indian captives
    2. One may be interested in the following. Or, how things started ! Each Colony had different and varying relations with the numerous Indian tribes, many of whom led a migratory existance. The most cordial and lasting relationship was established by William Penn in his pacts with the Lenni- Lenape (Delaware) tribes in New Jersey, Delaware and Pennsylvania. In the period of some fifty years (1682-1730), the English, Welsh and German settlers (Quakers and Mennonites) in these areas did not invade or take over the lands which were reserved for the Indians. Whites and Indians lived, traded and moved freely throughout this territory. "John Cartlidge and his brother Edmund were in serious trouble in the spring of 1722. They had killed a Seneca Indian in the woods after making him drunk with rum in a fur trade. It was the first Indian killed in the province by an Englishman [not a Quaker] since the coming of Wm. Penn." From Vol 57, p. 117 of the Lancaster County Historical Society. After the expulsion of the Delaware by the Iriquois, clashes occured on the border areas of Wm. Penn`s land. The situation was aggrivated by: the French & Indian wars which started in 1745; the attempted settlement of the tribal areas by mostly Scotch-Irish and run-away Indentured servants; unscrupulous traders (guns and whiskey) and by the savage massacre, in 1763, of peaceful Indians (men, women and children were killed then scalped) by white men known as the "Paxton Boys." Quakers were expelled from the Society of Friends for "marrying out" and for joining the Militias needed to control not only the Indians but the invasion of property by the new and unruly immigrants. Due to these pressures, many of the earlier Colonists (mostly Quakers and German Mennonites) left Pennsylvania, moved to Virginia (some to Loudoun County) ca 1750, where land was cheap and not so crowded. For An excellent presentation of the Scotch-Irish and Indian situation in early Pennsylvania see the "History of Franklin County, Pennsylvania" (published in 1887) - Early settlers and Indian Wars. Lloyd D. Ellis

    08/22/2000 06:34:19