"Dear Nancy; I am waiting to hear from you on your Warminski/Murawska connection....My Marianna was from Pgh as was her family She married Francis/Frank Warminski in Pgh. Not much is known about her family, so I am hoping you can share information that may help in my search, as I know she came here with family.....Please write and lets compare information....Thanks, Jane" - - - - - - - - - - Pardon me for butting in Jane, but I wanted to give you some information concerning the Polish surnames you have listed above. For genealogy purposes, MURAWSKA should be researched under MURAWSKI. The "SKA" suffix is adjectival and follows the adjective pattern for surname declension in the Polish language and in this case, reflects her status as an unmarried female of the Murawski Family. Mr. and Mrs. Murawski would be reflected as Murawscy. In your research, any entry you see with MURAW, you should save for consideration as during the early Polish feudal times, deference was given to the male for recording purposes in the old records. The Polish language has 7 cases and for genealogical purposes, each case has four classes: Masculine singular, Feminine singular, Masculine plural, and Femining plural. All in all, quite confusing. You can read some more about the SKA/SKI subject at : http://www.polishroots.org/surnames/surnames_endings.htm . By the way, MURAWSKI is taken from the Polish root word "Murawa" which means "lawn, greensward". In essence, the surname means "One from an area where lawns (or what passed for lawns in those days) were prevelant". There were 13,234 Murawski's still living in Poland as of about 1990. The WARMINSKI surname should be properly noted in Polish as WARMIN~SKI, where there is a little tic above the letter "N". This diacritical mark was undoubtedly dropped during immigration. Anyway, it's a "one of a kind" surname in Poland - there are no roots or variants. The WARMIN~SKI's came from the Northeast region of Poland called WARMIA by the Poles and under occupation, ERMLAND by the Germans as it was formally an annexed part of East Prussia. This region was, during feudal times, owned by the Bishop of Warmia (you can see Warmia on a map of Poland) who apparently combined his position with the Catholic Church with his need for land acquisition. There were 877 WARMIN~SKI's still living in Poland as of about 1990. WARMIN~SKI means "From Warmia". The Warmin~ski's and the Murawski's probably came into Pennsylvania by way of the RR from NYC where authorities there virtually demanded that immigrants used the RR to travel West since the locals in the area and elsewhere did everything possible to relieve the immigrant of their money. About 95% to the RR West with a few going through Albany. Philadelphia was the first stop, Pittsburgh the second major stop and finally Chicago. Depending on the year, your ancestors either processed through "Castle Garden Immigration Center" or later "Ellis Island". Tom Lassek Eufaula Alabama