Insight into his personality and beliefs: 1. Although nearly 3/4 Indian was raised as a white man and had a good education. 2. Had an infinity for language - spoke all the Indian dialects of the day which made him useful as a scout for the Army, as an interpreter at the Treaty of Walla Walla and useful in the trial of the Whitman murderers, and a physician to the Warm Springs and Umatilla Indian Reservations. Addressed the centennial of the discovery and meaning of the Columbia River in 1892 in the Chinook jargon - delivered a paper on the condition of the Indians at the mouth of the Columbia. 3. Was a gentleman, kindly & courteous. Many accounts mention his good manners, courtly and manner, kindness and good dress. 4. Was interested and pursued what was right and fair. When loss of property occurred 1855 he pursued replacement costs from the US government which others had received Was successful. Eventually got $19,000. When denied by US District Court the right to vote in 1871 (because of Indian and British heritage) he pursued and 02-23 -1872 a bill was passed in the US Senate extending citizenship rights to persons born in the Territory of Oregon previous to 1846. 5. Was proud of his heritage both as an Indian and as a white man. He often spoke at meetings: historical societies, missionaries societies, medical meetings, etc., etc. about about his background and history and also the general history of the Northwest. He was extremely knowledgeable about Northwest history. 6. He was helpful to the Indians. He accepted their offer to come to Umatilla County. He interpreted. He spoke on their behalf for the education of their children. They wished the children to be trained by Protestant Americans rather than by the foreign Catholic priests at the Mission. He wrote many letters to government officials, teachers, etc., to get his set up. 7. Although his background on his Father's side was Scottish, and he was raised in the Hudson Bay Company environment he was and an American and proud to be an American. He attended Whitman's Medical School. His Aunt, in England, was disappointed that he wouldn't be coming to study there, and wrote that Oregon would be eventually British. So he had this British influence. The American influence won over. He served in the Army. He fought the hostile Indians in the Territory. His daughter, Leila reports that everyday when she was a child he raised and lowered the flag in the yard as children stood at attention. His great interest in being allowed to vote shows this strong sense of citizenship also as was his desire to legitimatize this citizenship and his legal pursuit of citizenship. 8. He had a sense of adventure. He served as a volunteer in the Army. He took off on lengthy journeys on horseback to unknown areas. His brother Donald joined up with Kit Carson and a wild west show. He considered joining this for awhile as a young man and was written by Buffalo Bill who dissuaded from joining. He lived in a wild dangerous time. Fear of Indian attack was a fact of life in the frontier and he chose to make the frontier his home. 9. He was a Christian. He encouraged the Protestant missionaries to set up churches in Pendleton. 10. He was a good physician. He worked at very little pay to heal the sick in the frontier. He spoke of the need to be constantly learning and studying medicine.