------------------------------------------------------------------ FORWARDED MESSAGE - Orig: 28-Jan-99 17:50 Subject: Re: [OHMEDINA-L] Fw: gen mags From: LolaMann@aol.com ------------------------------------------------------------------ I have the 6 CDs of the County Histories of Ohio (which includes the Western Reserve Women) and could copy some pages for you if you would like. I am interested in finding something about the school in Lorain at which my mother taught in the VERY EARLY 1900s. Would you have anything that might help there? I don't know what school, only that she taught in Lorain and she and my father were married there. Lola Mann Richardson, TX !^NavFont02F023D0007NGHHI3FBF71 Maggie's World of Courthouse Dust & Genealogy Fever http://www.infinet.com/~dzimmerm/mindex.html *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* God Put Me On Earth to Accomplish a Certain Number of Things. Right Now I am so far behind, I will never die. --- Unknown *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* Wishing you and your family a very Merry Christmas and a New Year filled with good health, good friends, and more than enough good luck. *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*

------------------------------------------------------------------ FORWARDED MESSAGE - Orig: 28-Jan-99 11:24 Subject: OHIO STATE LIBRARY ------------------------------------------------------------------ Please stop the rumors that the genealogy department of the Ohio State Library is closing. This is a rumor. I talked to a MR. PAUL IMMEL this morning and he stated that the library was not closing and has no plans to close. I REPEAT THE STATE LIBRARY OF OHIO GENEALOGY SERVICE is not closing. I hope there hasn't been many letters written to the Governor, and other officials because they will have no idea what is going on. I beg everyone to check rumors out before they take action. Mary ==== OHFRANKL Mailing List ==== !^NavFont02F026A0007NGHHI6C5E4E Maggie's World of Courthouse Dust & Genealogy Fever http://www.infinet.com/~dzimmerm/mindex.html *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* God Put Me On Earth to Accomplish a Certain Number of Things. Right Now I am so far behind, I will never die. --- Unknown *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* Wishing you and your family a very Merry Christmas and a New Year filled with good health, good friends, and more than enough good luck. *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*

------------------------------------------------------------------ FORWARDED MESSAGE - Orig: 28-Jan-99 7:58 Subject: [OHGEN-L] Fw: [STATE-COORD-L] Online Census Images ------------------------------------------------------------------ From: Linda Russell Lewis <cityslic@ix.netcom.com> As most of you know, SK Publications is selling cd's with actual census images on them, and then donates the cd to the USGenWeb Archives for uploading for all to access free. John Schunk of SK has made an additional offer, because he realizes some counties are huge and and the cost would be high. He says: "We are willing to do any county and year on CD that a purchaser will pay for. Of course, the large counties are a problem, but if a group of people want to pool their resources, we have offered to supply each of them with the same CD at a reduced price." Your county coordinators might be interested in letting their visitors know of this offer, and in addition have the images available online for all the visitors. http://www.skpub.com/genie/censuscd/index.html Linda !^NavFont02F038B000FNGHHJ59NJ87HJ8C9C47 Maggie's World of Courthouse Dust & Genealogy Fever http://www.infinet.com/~dzimmerm/mindex.html *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* God Put Me On Earth to Accomplish a Certain Number of Things. Right Now I am so far behind, I will never die. --- Unknown *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* Wishing you and your family a very Merry Christmas and a New Year filled with good health, good friends, and more than enough good luck. *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*

Dear Genealogists, Have lots of Genealogical Helper and Heritage Quest magazines that I need to find a home for. They are FREE of course but you will have to pick them up. On the other hand, I am always in the market to add something to my personal library about Lorain County or the Western Reserve area. Especially want to purchase any Lorain county atlas from 1912 to 1960 and copies of the Medina Co or Erie Co cemetery inscriptions/records. If interested send me a message mailto:nmmeyers@centuryinter.net -- Nancy M. Meyers, Lorain OH Genealogy Lookup Volunteer http://www.centuryinter.net/lorgen Life Member of Ohio Genealogical Society http://www.ogs.org/

------------------------------------------------------------------ FORWARDED MESSAGE - Orig: 27-Jan-99 20:10 Subject: [OHGEN-L] Underground RR ------------------------------------------------------------------ Note Underground RR topic below. >The 11th Spring Jamboree Mar. 27, 1999 Piqua High School >Piqua Oh. door open at 8. The speaker are Dr. George Schweitzer, Civil >War, Migration Route & patterns, New York Gen. Research. Robert Rau, >German Genealogy, Alsace-Lorraine. Diane Gagel, Women in the Law, >Quaker Research. Cathy Nelson Updated on the underground Railroad, >Dorthy Limbach, Begining Genealogy & Advanced Genealogy. Don Heighton, >computer software, Using the Internet, Searching the Internet. What a >deal: $ 10 till Mar.13 $12 late registration or at the door. Send to >Dan Croy 18600 Ft. Loramie-Swander Road / Sidney, OH 45365. There will be >book vendors, door prizes, free hand-outs, Surname bullentin board, >demonstration, and the local genealogy societies will be selling their >books. =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-= wally@calweb.com ==== OHGEN Mailing List ==== This list is for the discussion of topics related to the OHGenWeb project. It's primary audience is the county coordinators, state coordinator and other volunteers for the project. Please see http://www.rootsweb.com/~maillist/us/index.html for information about various mailing lists for the posting and sharing of Ohio genealogy. !^NavFont02F04C70007NGHHKC9BD74 Maggie's World of Courthouse Dust & Genealogy Fever http://www.infinet.com/~dzimmerm/mindex.html *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* God Put Me On Earth to Accomplish a Certain Number of Things. Right Now I am so far behind, I will never die. --- Unknown *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* Wishing you and your family a very Merry Christmas and a New Year filled with good health, good friends, and more than enough good luck. *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*

------------------------------------------------------------------ FORWARDED MESSAGE - Orig: 27-Jan-99 18:25 Subject: State Library of Ohio will be displaced From: "John Cramer" John.Cramer@das.state.oh.us ------------------------------------------------------------------ Addresses for Governor-Bob Taft 77 South High St., Floor30 Columbus, Ohio 43266-0601 .Ohio-House of Rep 77 South High St., Floor10 Columbus, Ohio 43266-0603 .Ohio-Senate Statehouse Columbus, Ohio 43215 . JohnW JCramer-HillTopUSA jcramer@gcfn.org Web URL: http://www.freeyellow.com/members2/jwcramer/ ReCycle Computers into Cols-OH with the Cols Computer Society(CCS). Ohio Ancestors: CRAMER SCHMITT SMITH HIPPLE TRICK BULCHER LOY !^NavFont02F02760007NGHHI786B1B Maggie's World of Courthouse Dust & Genealogy Fever http://www.infinet.com/~dzimmerm/mindex.html *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* God Put Me On Earth to Accomplish a Certain Number of Things. Right Now I am so far behind, I will never die. --- Unknown *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* Wishing you and your family a very Merry Christmas and a New Year filled with good health, good friends, and more than enough good luck. *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*

Maggie, Janet, and all List Members, What the Ohio Supreme Court is doing is only typical! What we need is the email address for any person or agency who can help. We could then voice our displeasure with another unfunded mandate! I would be great if someone could also find out what the Ohio Revised Code says about maintaining the State Library. Anyone in Columbus near to any of these sources who can check them out and get back to us? Carol

Carol, The address is the letter is the place to start. It is: >Reply-To: "Librarians Serving Genealogists" <genealib@lists.acomp.usf.edu> Maggie !^NavFont02F007F000FNGHHG5DNG79HG800879 Maggie's World of Courthouse Dust & Genealogy Fever http://www.infinet.com/~dzimmerm/mindex.html *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* God Put Me On Earth to Accomplish a Certain Number of Things. Right Now I am so far behind, I will never die. --- Unknown *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* Wishing you and your family a very Merry Christmas and a New Year filled with good health, good friends, and more than enough good luck. *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*

This is a multi-part message in MIME format. --------------9F18B3A92D216E81460CEEA6 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii; x-mac-type="54455854"; x-mac-creator="4D4F5353" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Maggie: Mobilize the troops. If this is a real situation, then I would suggest: Letters to YOUR Ohio Senators and Representatives, addressed as follows: State Senator or Representatives (Name) Ohio Senate or Representatives Senate or Representatives Building Columbus, OH 43215 Dear Senator or Representative (Last Name): Include the message below or call a toll free legislative hotline to leave a message for your senator. The hotline number is 1-800-282-0253 (in Columbus, dial 466-8842). Ask for an e-mail address and include the message below. or go to this web site or more information: http://www.ohiosenate.org/how/contact.html This is the Age of the Internet (not Aquarius). Use it! Bruce Hord >------------------------------------------------------------------ > FORWARDED MESSAGE - Rig: 27-Jan-99 12:41 Subject: Fwd: [genealib] >Alert--State Library of Ohio needs help! >------------------------------------------------------------------ Reply-To: "Librarians Serving >Genealogists" <genealib@lists.acomp.usf.edu > >A state agency is forcing the SLO out of its building in downtown >Columbus. The Supreme Court of Ohio says it needs more space and >apparently has acquired the Art Deco building that was built for our State >Library. > >The legislature has appropriated money for the Supreme Court's move, >but not for the State Library's. Way to go, Ohio. > >Two million items and 100 staff members are affected. That thudding >sound you hear is lost books falling through the cracks. > >Because of the nature of the take over, these staff members can't >defend their own library. I have begun a letter writing campaign to raise >awareness and garner support. Any suggestions would be greatly >appreciated. > >Janet E. Rupert > --------------9F18B3A92D216E81460CEEA6 Content-Type: text/x-vcard; charset=us-ascii; name="bthord.vcf" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Description: Card for BRUCE T. HORD Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="bthord.vcf" begin:vcard n:HORD;BRUCE T. tel;pager:NONE tel;cell:NONE tel;fax:330-493-9339 tel;home:330-493-1665 tel;work:330-493-1686 x-mozilla-html:FALSE adr:;;;;;; version:2.1 email;internet:bthord@raex.com x-mozilla-cpt:;1 fn:BRUCE T. HORD end:vcard --------------9F18B3A92D216E81460CEEA6--

Hi Janet, Thanks for letting all of us ex Buckeyes know about this!! Could you or someone come up with some email addresses(maybe even a canned message to make it real easy) for those of us out of state to write too? Thanks, Dave Sloan

------------------------------------------------------------------ FORWARDED MESSAGE - Orig: 27-Jan-99 12:41 Subject: Fwd: [genealib] Alert--State Library of Ohio needs help! ------------------------------------------------------------------ >Reply-To: "Librarians Serving Genealogists" <genealib@lists.acomp.usf.edu> > >A state agency is forcing the SLO out of its building in downtown Columbus. > The Supreme Court of Ohio says it needs more space and apparently has >acquired the Art Deco building that was built for our State Library. > >The legislature has appropriated money for the Supreme Court's move, but >not for the State Library's. Way to go, Ohio. > >Two million items and 100 staff members are affected. That thudding sound >you hear is lost books falling through the cracks. > >Because of the nature of the take over, these staff members can't defend >their own library. I have begun a letter writing campaign to raise >awareness and garner support. Any suggestions would be greatly >appreciated. > >Janet E. Rupert > !^NavFont02F03770007NGHHJ784A5F

Hi Everyone, I have the digests of the OH-FOOTSTEPS (archival mailing list) up in the archives at http://www.rootsweb.com/~usgenweb/oh/oh-footsteps/mail-lst.htm so go and check it out. Maggie !^NavFont02F00A7000FNGHHG52NG90HGA89361 Maggie's World of Courthouse Dust & Genealogy Fever http://www.infinet.com/~dzimmerm/mindex.html *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* God Put Me On Earth to Accomplish a Certain Number of Things. Right Now I am so far behind, I will never die. --- Unknown *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* Wishing you and your family a very Merry Christmas and a New Year filled with good health, good friends, and more than enough good luck. *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*

------------------------------------------------------------------ FORWARDED MESSAGE - Orig: 26-Jan-99 11:29 Subject: Query for Sandusky Co., Ohio ------------------------------------------------------------------ NAME: S Cullen EMAIL: SteveCee@aol.com DATE:1999-1-26 URL: QRYTEXT: Looking for information about my great grandfather. He was Charles E CULLEN, born Feb 10, 1864 in Sandusky, OH. We believe his parents were from Ireland. He died in Louisville, KY, on March 15, 1914. Six children, 5 girls and a boy, Ova, who was my grandfather. !^NavFont02F01DB0007NGHHHDD1454 Maggie's World of Courthouse Dust & Genealogy Fever http://www.infinet.com/~dzimmerm/mindex.html *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* God Put Me On Earth to Accomplish a Certain Number of Things. Right Now I am so far behind, I will never die. --- Unknown *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* Wishing you and your family a very Merry Christmas and a New Year filled with good health, good friends, and more than enough good luck. *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*

------------------------------------------------------------------ FORWARDED MESSAGE - Orig: 26-Jan-99 8:58 Subject: The abbreviation WPA as used in the MVGI ------------------------------------------------------------------ From: Joe Bosserman <joe.boss@erinet.com> After using the Miami Valley Genealogy Index on 25 Jan 1999 William A. Harrison <mrbil1@juno.com> ask: what do the letters WPA stand for in the MVGI. I replied with it's meaning, which prompted his next question: > >What is the nature of the 1930's WPA federal project? Where can >that material be reviewed? Here is (in part) the answer That is a good question Bill. I will try to outline that for you by writing an explanation and placing it on the instruction page that goes along with the MVGI <Miami Valley Genealoy Index> Following is the start of a draft of that explanation: WPA = Work Project Administration One of the "sources" used in The Miami Valley Genealogy Index is "WPA." It is most often used in the MVGI to indicate Miami County Ohio Marriage records before 1850. The WPA was a federal project during early 1930s. It was a Federal Funded Progran that was started in order to create jobs during Great the Depration of the early 1930s and help put people back to work. One of the many jobs created by the WPA was jobs to help index court house records in many counties across the country. Miami County Ohio had some of this federal help. In the early 1930s WPA workers started indexing Miami County Ohio Marriages from the beginning of records in Miami County up until around 1860. Their work was typed and indexed and for the next fifty years (the only 3 copies of this index) was the source that most hobby genealogies used for their Miami County research. (one copy was/is in the Miami County Recorder's Office, one copy in the Troy Historical Society's Archives, and the third copy in the Local History Room of the Flesh Public Libery in Piqua.) Unfortuanly the WPA workers were not skilled in reading the old script from the original Miami County Marriage Books which are located in the Probate Court. Often such errors as mistaking the old script letter "s" as a letter "p" and many other such common errors that are still made by the newer researchers. For an example, David Moss became David Mopp, and was indexed as such. Other such errors were even worse, such as the capital letter "T" was misread as "L" and indexed as such, thus Teeter became Leeder and indexed as such, etc, etc. This confusion goes on and on in the old WPA typed Miami County Marriage Index. In 1988 I (Joe Bosserman) bought my first computer and started to enter these old WPA marriage records into a computer format. How hard it was for me to enter my grandpa's name as David Boperman (Bosserman). What to do? was my question! Corrections should be made so I did, but only when I was absolutely sure. After entering most of the old WPA typed Miami County Marriages into a computer format (using dBase3) I obtained a microfilm viewer and film of early Miami County Marriages with intentions of continuing what the WPA had started fifty years before. I began with 1854 (Marriage Book 4) and since that time have entered most of the Miami County Marriages up to around 1900. When I entered the Miami County Marriages into the Miami Valley Genealogy Index, I distinguished the older WPA work from my own by either using the letters WPA, or the Marriage License number. First draft...by Joseph H. Bosserman ==== OHMIAMI Mailing List ==== !^NavFont02F0B59000FNGHHGF7NHF6HR5AE809 Maggie's World of Courthouse Dust & Genealogy Fever http://www.infinet.com/~dzimmerm/mindex.html *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* God Put Me On Earth to Accomplish a Certain Number of Things. Right Now I am so far behind, I will never die. --- Unknown *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* Wishing you and your family a very Merry Christmas and a New Year filled with good health, good friends, and more than enough good luck. *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*

Hi Everyone, Well I fixed the mail list problem I found for the Maggie_Ohio list verses the OHROOTS list. I also put links to some mailing list subscription pages that I created all from my main page at http://www.infinet.com/~dzimmerm/mindex.html & the links to the mailing lists are at the bottom of the index. While I was at it I made the text darker and made the visited links work. I also fixed the automatic queries. I am aware that some of the links back are not working but hopefully they will be soon. Maggie !^NavFont02F01A8000FNGHHGA6NGD2HHA9560E Maggie's World of Courthouse Dust & Genealogy Fever http://www.infinet.com/~dzimmerm/mindex.html *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* God Put Me On Earth to Accomplish a Certain Number of Things. Right Now I am so far behind, I will never die. --- Unknown *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* Wishing you and your family a very Merry Christmas and a New Year filled with good health, good friends, and more than enough good luck. *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*

Hi Everyone, If you sent me mail and I don't respond please resend as my mailbox overfloweth. Sorry about that. I did make it through all my mail however. Maggie !^NavFont02F00840007NGHHG8580F3 Maggie's World of Courthouse Dust & Genealogy Fever http://www.infinet.com/~dzimmerm/mindex.html *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* God Put Me On Earth to Accomplish a Certain Number of Things. Right Now I am so far behind, I will never die. --- Unknown *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* Wishing you and your family a very Merry Christmas and a New Year filled with good health, good friends, and more than enough good luck. *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*

------------------------------------------------------------------ FORWARDED MESSAGE - Orig: 24-Jan-99 18:46 Subject: Ohio Web Sites From: David Endres 249081@xavier.xu.edu ------------------------------------------------------------------ Maggie: I saw your site on Ohio County Genealogical Research and wanted to let you know about two sites that I have authored. One is: The Southwest Butler County Genealogical Society http://www2.eos.net/dajend/swbcgs.html It includes lots of information on Butler County, Ohio research and also has a listing of submitted obits. The second site is: Cincinnati Catholic History and Genealogy http://www2.eos.net/dajend/catholic.html It includes information on records and how to research Catholic ancestors in Cincinnati and Hamilton County, Ohio. I would appreciate a link from your pages to mine if possible. Thank you. David Endres !^NavFont02F02FD0007NGHHIFF691F Maggie's World of Courthouse Dust & Genealogy Fever http://www.infinet.com/~dzimmerm/mindex.html *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* God Put Me On Earth to Accomplish a Certain Number of Things. Right Now I am so far behind, I will never die. --- Unknown *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* Wishing you and your family a very Merry Christmas and a New Year filled with good health, good friends, and more than enough good luck. *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*

------------------------------------------------------------------ FORWARDED MESSAGE - Orig: 24-Jan-99 13:44 Subject: C:\WINDOWS\Favorites\Channels\VitalChek Home Page.url From: "Chester Davis" stardave@utah-inter.net ------------------------------------------------------------------ Maggie here is something I ran across, should help some one Chester Davis http://www.vitalcheck.com/ !^NavFont02F01640007NGHHH6640FE Maggie's World of Courthouse Dust & Genealogy Fever http://www.infinet.com/~dzimmerm/mindex.html *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* God Put Me On Earth to Accomplish a Certain Number of Things. Right Now I am so far behind, I will never die. --- Unknown *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* Wishing you and your family a very Merry Christmas and a New Year filled with good health, good friends, and more than enough good luck. *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*

------------------------------------------------------------------ FORWARDED MESSAGE - Orig: 24-Jan-99 12:23 Subject: Re: [OHIO] census URLs From: Gfsjulia@AOL.COM ------------------------------------------------------------------ In a message dated 1/24/99, Cindy Kimes writes: << Anyone aware of any other URLs for census data? Cindy Kimes >> Here are the ones I have. I did check them to make sure they were all working. julia >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> *Census Groundworks: http://members.aol.com/ssmadonna/census.htm *"Census Online" - Links to Census Sites: http://www.census- online.com/links/index.html *USGenWeb Archives - Census: http://www.rootsweb.com/~usgenweb/ *Want to help index your county for the USGenWeb Census project? http://www.usgenweb.com/census/ *US GenWeb Census Project: http://www.usgenweb.com/census/ *SOUNDEX MACHINE: http://www.nara.gov/genealogy/soundex/soundex.html *US Census Gazetteer-place lookups: http://www.census.gov/cgi-bin/gazetteer *US Census maps: http://www.census.gov/datamap/www/index.html *Official US Census Bureau homepage: http://www.census.gov/ *Check the frequency of names in the 1990 Census: http://www.census.gov/ftp/pub/genealogy/www/freqnames.html *Finding treasures in the US Census: http://www.firstct.com/fv/uscensus.html !^NavFont02F04870007NGHHK88DC05 Maggie's World of Courthouse Dust & Genealogy Fever http://www.infinet.com/~dzimmerm/mindex.html *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* God Put Me On Earth to Accomplish a Certain Number of Things. Right Now I am so far behind, I will never die. --- Unknown *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* Wishing you and your family a very Merry Christmas and a New Year filled with good health, good friends, and more than enough good luck. *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*

------------------------------------------------------------------ FORWARDED MESSAGE - Orig: 24-Jan-99 10:35 Subject: [OHIO] Entrymen From: June Jacobs Jordan jordanaj@gte.net ------------------------------------------------------------------ Norma, Reference to entrymen in second paragraph. June Land Records and Homestead In official terms, a Land Grant is "Land conveyed by a government to a private party; document transferring title to land from a government to a private party." Homestead entry is "application initiated under the homestead laws which provide for issuance of patents to entrymen who settle on and improve agricultural public lands". After the formation of the federal government, all land outside the original 13 states plus Maine, Vermont, Kentucky, Tennessee and West Virginia were ceded to the government; this land was called the public domain. There are thirty public land states. The land was surveyed at the direction of the Continental Congress. The lands surveyed first were to be available for military bounties; the remaining lands were to be offered for sale to the public. The homestead act of 1862 replaced original sales/preemption (had settled before it was opened for settlement) with government giving land to settlers who had improved the land and lived on it a certain amount of time. A patent is the actual document which transfers title to land from the federal government to a private party. !^NavFont02F04CD0007NGHHKCE8340 Maggie's World of Courthouse Dust & Genealogy Fever http://www.infinet.com/~dzimmerm/mindex.html *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* God Put Me On Earth to Accomplish a Certain Number of Things. Right Now I am so far behind, I will never die. --- Unknown *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* Wishing you and your family a very Merry Christmas and a New Year filled with good health, good friends, and more than enough good luck. *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*