Hi: I'm not sure that I can accurately answer the question you pose for all families but for some of the families in my line that settled in the Bolton area, including those in New Vermont, I might be able to lend some clues. Not sure of my history time line here so someone else might be able to fill in somewhat better. I think that New York and Vermont would battling over the same area through whatever means necessary. New York felt that Vermont was an extension of the state of NY and therefore not a seperate state. When Vermont eventually gained its own independence then those individuals were issued "warnings out" to leave VT. Basically they were evicted. New York then issued land grants to some of those indiviudals that had supported them in the dispute. Some individuals sold their land and eventually returned to VT. Others just stayed in NY throughout Clinton, Essex, Washington and Warren Counties. I assume others as well. There is a book that has been published called "Vermont Warnings Out" that tells of a great portion of indivuduals that were asked to leave. Actually I think there is a 2nd volume now. I've no idea how to find the book. I saw it once in the Anchorage Alaska City Library. If any others can expand on this then great. I'm just throwing some ideas out there which I think are accurate. Todd Easton Warren County, NY USGenWeb CC http://www.rootsweb.com/~nywarren