Hi, I am writing about the topic of genetics and genealogy. As genealogists, we should investigate all alternatives in forming familial relationships. When we can search the paper trail no more, we should consult scientists. They use a y-polymorphism DNA PCR test (males) as well as Mtdna tests (females) in order to identify ancestor relations. The results can show that different clans are related, even though there are no paper records. This is just another avenue open to us. I have recently expanded coverage on my website. The site now includes laboratories that will test our DNA in order to find the most recent common ancestor of 2 or more individuals from different clans who we believe are related. What do you do when you run out of records to search? Get a y-polymorphism DNA test by the PCR method. Please check out http://www.duerinck.com. There are 3 genetic links on that page: a page describing what and how it is done, along with an example; another page with labs that do this work (still need more!); and a page on genetic diseases, along with links, including labs that test for this as well. By the way, I am looking for additional labs, in the USA and elsewhere in the world, that do the y-polymorphism dna pcr test as well as mtdna tests in order to identify ancestor relations. Thanks for listening, Kevin Duerinck Des Plaines, Illinois USA