Good morning, Betty. If your query is about the "c" and "s" in my family name, I can give you the history. The name was originally spelled "Welsch". The family originated in Baumholder in Rheinland Pfalz. I’ve traced them back to the Visitation of 1609, but they were an old Baumholder family even then. They were primarily wagon makers and bricklayers. The name still exists in Baumholder. There were four Welsch cousins who came to New Jersey from Baumholder in the 1730s and 1740s. Only one, Johannes Wilhelm Welsch who came in 1741, left known descendants. The name has an interesting etymology -- it was a name given by invading German tribes to the Celtic residents of the Rheinland and was a term of derision meaning "foreigner." Anyway, the name is and was pronounced as if it were spelled "welch" no matter how it is spelled. The name was anglicized to Welsh around 1800 (but still pronounced Welch) and the family members who stayed in New Jersey kept that spelling (Welsh Farms, etc.) and most of those that moved away, in order to keep the correct pronunciation in their new homes, changed the spelling to "Welch". I have relatives in Texas who still spell the name Welsh but clearly pronounce it Welch. If they are from the Morris-Hunterdon area, they are all related, whether they spell their name Welsch, Welsh or Welch. The M. Welsh on the Cornell map is most likely Morris, the brother of my gr-gr-grandfather, David M. Welch. Another brother, Jacob Welsh, lived on the family farm, given in 1797 to their father, John Jacob Welsh, as a wedding gift by his father, when the Cornell map was made in 1851. It is on the north side of what is now called Hill and Dale Road, ½ mile north and 1 mile west of Oldwick. The problem is that Jacob’s name is on two farms in that same area and I don’t know which is the 1797 house and which is the “new” house. Looks like I’ll be making a trip to New Jersey sometime in the future…. but it’s a long drive from here (about 2,000 miles!), so it might be a while. My great-grandfather, Jacob Welch, visited his New Jersey aunts, uncles and cousins in 1865 as he was returning home from the Civil War. He kept a diary and mentions his uncle Jacob and others, which is great for making connections within the family. I still have the diary. He was given several photographs of relatives while he was in New Jersey, which I also have, but unfortunately none of the subjects are identified. Isn't that typical of our ancestors? They seldom identified the people in photographs, but then THEY knew who they were, so why bother? Jacob also visited some of his Dean relatives (his parents, David M. Welch and Mary Dean were married in 1824 in Hunterdon County and moved to Ohio the next year.) Mary's parents were Stephen and Elizabeth (Bunn) Dean, but I know nothing about them. Maybe someone can help me with the Deans. Richard Welch Farmington, New Mexico