I've posted messages before about Henry Z. Jones' book, The Palatines of New York, 1709-1710. You need to read it. It is available on onterlibrary loan if your library doesn't have it. It contains a 30-40 page intro. that every genealogist should read, even if all their ancestors were Swahili, or whatever. Specifically, Jones focuses on the Palatine Germans & why they left, where they went & what happened. For a time, 4,000 were arriving every week in London. The remainder of the book is an alphabetized genealogy of these families in 2 vols. & includes research back in Germany where he traced many of the families back to the 1400s. Many of them ended up in the Mohawk Valley. Your message indicates you are unaware that they were brought over to work on the Livingston Estate above Germantown. They were to boil pine pitch to make tar for the Br. navy, but were so poorly treated they left. Johann "Conrad" Weiser went to the Mohawk Valley to scout out the land and made arrangements on their behalf. He went back to the Hudson Valley and the majority of the Livingston Manor people left with him to settle up the Mohawk. I forget the exact year (c. 1712-1714). Conrad sent his son, also "Johann" Conrad, to live over the winter with the Iroquois to learn their customs and language. When Conrad Sr. died, Jr. began using his middle name, Conrad. He moved to PA. & his descendants still own his farm. His sister stayed in NY and m. a DeLong. Their son, Conrad DeLong, was the father of the Maritime Loyalist brothers. In PA., Conrad became the British Indian Agent for the Middle Colonies. He made maps of the age old Indian trails up through the Appalachians and Adirondacks, which were used much later by many PA. Loyalists to get to Niagara. It was safer than "running the gauntlet" through NJ to get to the British lines in NY. A footnote about Conrad Weiser is that he was recognized by both the British and the Indians as an honest man. He was usually the interpreter and sometimes negotiator for land treaties that gave the American Colonials the opportunity to expand westward and keep their hair. Jones wrote a 2nd book on the Palatines to PA & covers 1717-18. Both books are first class. It methodically follows each family and the footnotes are A+. What I have found is that there were some NY families who went to PA. I don't know how many, but from time to time, I come across a family here and there. Thorne, again, I suggest you read Jones' book on the Palatines of NY. Your family(s) of interest may be all laid out for you. I don't recall when it was published. All I remember is that it was published in Maine. Bill Thorne Morris wrote: > Was told the word "Deutsch" means German in that language. > > First settlers to New Amsterdam [NY] were Dutch, Walloon, and Huguenot. > They expanded to [now] New Jersey and western Long Island and up the Hudson > River, and controlled the area from 1610-1664 when the English took over and > named the city, New York. They were not deprived of their land or customs. > > Around the same time, 1664+, William Penn invited German immigrants to his > new colony of Pennsylvania. Thousands came. Famous as industrious > settlers. > > Palatine Germans fleeing the religious wars, passed through England to NY's > Hudson Valley with the aid of Queen Anne ca 1701. But they found that there > was no free land along the Hudson River, only the large Dutch and English > manors. In discontent many moved to Pennsylvania, some stayed in NY in > towns like German Flats, and up along the Mohawk Valley. So both Dutch and > Germans in NY. > > So I have used the term, Pennsylvania Dutch, to mean Pennsylvania German. > > > ------------------------------- > To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to NEWBRUNSWICK-request@rootsweb.com with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message >