ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, N.C. CONSTABLES 1786...... Mathew PEGG, James RHODES, James APPLETON, Thomas POUND, Jeremiah NORRIS, Eli SCURRY, Richard P. CARDWELL, Isham LANIER, Samuel BETHEL, Manlove TARRANT, John LEMMON, William WILLIAMS 1787...Richard CARDWELL 1788.... John MATLOCK, Richard BURTON, Walter HILL 1792... Aaron ROBERTSON, Thomas POUND 1793... Thomas POUND, George HALLUM, William WALL 1794... John FIELD, William ODELL, James MARTIN, Mathew PEGG 1795... Patrick TOOMEY, John OLIVER, Daniel ALLEN, James RHODES, William SULLIVAN 1796... Andrew BOYD, William WILLIAMS, Charles MITCHELL 1798.... Peter CRAFFORD, John WARFORD, John ODENEAL 1799... William ODELL, Peter CRAFFORD, William NORRIS, John ODENEAL, John GIBSON 1800... Samuel HEATH, Thomas ROSE, George HALLUM, Robert WHITE, Martin WRIGHT, John ODENEAL 1801... Samuel HEATH, John COFFEE, James MILLER, Robert WHITE, Benjamin SETTLE 1802.... John WALKER, Buckner JONES, Mathew PEGG, Walter FAIRFAX, Peter CRAWFORD, Robert WHITE 1803... John LENOX, Samuel HEATH 1804... John WILLIAMS, John LYNN, John FIELDS, Mathew PEGG, William BARBER To be continued.... ==== NCORANGE Mailing List ==== Larry Noah - lrnoah@bigfoot.com - Listowner - NCORANGE mailing list Orange Co, NC USGenWeb site is at http://www.rootsweb.com/~ncorange USGenWeb Orange Co, NC Archives site is at http://www.rootsweb.com/~usgenweb/nc/orangnc.htm

With the strife and unrest of the war years behind them, the people of Alamance looked forward to a new era of prosperity and expansion. The county had escaped the physical ravages of war, and had suffered little from the tumultuous days of reconstruction. No longer did the rumble of many hooves bring exclamations of "Soldiers!" or "The Ku Klux Klan!" it usually neant that a group of lads were having a horse race. Raching and other sports became extreamely popular during the latter quarter of the nineteenth century, and the social and cultural interests of the county assumed much greater importance. The Editor of the Alamance Gleaner, in the first edition of his paper in 1875, took not of the changing times: "In our county we have no town of considerable size. Company Shops . . . being the largest. And even this has not, so far, applied for a charter reciting wards and bestowing city privileges and dignities. . . Graham is regularly laid off and beautifully located, with some of the handsomest residences of any village of its size in the State. It is pleasant and healthful; and, but for the employees at Company Shops, would exceed that place in population. Both places do considerable in the way of selling goods and buying countyproduce. . . Mebanesville near the Orange line is a pleasant village where are several stores. Near this place is located the Bingham School. These we believe are all the incorporated towns in the county, though a stranger coming to one of our factories would unhesitatingly conclude that he was in teh midst of a considerable country village . . . At all of these are to be found stores. . . (Ref: Alamance Gleaner v 1, no 1) The village of Company Shops continued to grow during the war years. The completion of several new buildings was announced in 1864 to the stockholders of the North Carolina Railroad. "during the year (1864) we have erected seven dwellings for our employees at this place and four good log-houses for negroes. . . ==== NCORANGE Mailing List ==== Larry Noah - lrnoah@bigfoot.com - Listowner - NCORANGE mailing list Orange Co, NC USGenWeb site is at http://www.rootsweb.com/~ncorange

As the time of state election approached in 1870, Governor HOLDEN decided to make a bold move against the Ku Klux, thus strengthening his chances of re-elction. He prepared to raise two regiments of troops and to send them into the Ku Klux territory. George M. KIRK, a 33-year-old Tennessean who had been a Colonel in the North Carolina Volunteers during the recent war was given the command of the special troops. KIRK immediately raised 670 men and marched them to Company Shops. On July 15, 1870, Colonel Stephan A. DOUGLAS Jr., acting Adjutant General and aide to the Governor and son of the famed Illinois senator, went to Company Shops and mustered the troops into the service of the state. On the same day, George B. BERGAN, a New Jersian who was KIRK's aide, arrested James S. SCOTT, a Graham merchant, James E. BOYD, the Conservative candidate for teh Horuse, and Adolphus G. MOORE, also of Graham. Without giving them a reason for their arrest. BERGAN placed the prisoners in confinement. Several prominent citizens went before Chief Justice PERSON of the State Supreme Court the following day and petitioned for teh freedom of the arrested men. Justice PEARSON granted a writ of habeas corpus but KIRK refused to honor it. He said he was holding the prisoners on Governor HOLDEN's orders. When Judge PEARSON communicated with the Governor, he received a reply which stated: " No one goes before me in respect for the civil law, or for those whose duty it is to enforce it, but the condition of Alamance County, and some other parts of the State has been . . . such that . . . I have been forced to declare them in a state of insurrection. "For months past there has been maturing in these localities under the guidance of bad and disloyal men, a dangerous secret insurrection. . . "To the majority of the people in these sections the approach of night is like the entrace into the vally of the shadow of death." HOLDEN charged that "not less than 100 persons" had been taken from their homes in Alamance County and whipped in the preceding twelve months, and that the Ku Kluxers controlled the government in this county and refused to investigate Klan activities or to turn guilty parties over to the State. The Governor was well aware taht most of these charges were untrue, but the political campaign was in full swing. Meanwhile, KIRK's men occupied the courthouse at Graham and at Yancyville in Caswell County. They terrorized the section, robbing, and plundering without hindrance. It became their custom to undress and bathe in full sight of the town, and women did not appear on the streets for fear of insult. Eighty-two men were arrested, confined, and treated with great brutality and cruelty. Several men, including Lucian MURRAY, the confederate veteran, were threatened with hanging unless they revealed secrets of the Ku Klux activities in the county. Jacob A. LONG was arrested for the murder of Wyatt OUTLAW, but a grand Jury could find no evidence that he had taken part in this crime, and he was released. Citizens of the county appealed to President GRANT, but he replied that he would use Federal troops to aid HOLDEN, if he were resisted. Most of the Northern newspapers bitterly criticizzed Governor HOLDEN for his actions. On August 2, 1870, The New York Times editorialized: "The people of Noth Carolina are not wholly unknown, and they are known NOT to be either thieves or assassins, or the aiders and abettors in robbery and murder . . ." HOLDEN was defeated in the election of 1870, but he continued his purge until the time his successor was to take office. KIRK's men were sent to Hillsboro to arrest Jacob A. LONG once again. but LONG, who was studying law there, learned that they were coming, and left town on the same train which brought his would-be captors. Josiah TURNER Jr., editor of the Raleigh Sentinel, in which he had severely criticized HOLDEN, was less fortunate. He was brought under guard to Company Shops and absurdly charged with being the King of the Ku Klux, and was later confined in a dingy cell at Yancyville. At last the courts stepped into the conflict. Judge George W. BROOKS of the U.S. District Court went over the Governor's head and issued a writ of Habeas corpus commanding Colonel KIRK to bring his prisoners before the civil courts. HOLDEN appealed to President GRANT for a reversal of the ruling, but GRANT now refused to intervene. The prisoners were brought into court, and when insufficient evidence was presented against them, they were released. KIRK, BERGAN and several others were also tried but were released. Then, on November 10, 1870, Governor HOLDEN attempted to retire grecefully by issuing a proclamation declaring that the insurrection in Alamance and Caswell was at an end. The KIRK-HOLDEN War was over, and now the citizens of Alamance County could live peacefully for the first time in a decade. ==== NCORANGE Mailing List ==== Larry Noah - lrnoah@bigfoot.com - Listowner - NCORANGE mailing list Orange Co, NC USGenWeb site is at http://www.rootsweb.com/~ncorange GENDEX at http://www.gendex.com/gendex/ has over 1500 databases on line

By the early 1800's, Orange County was the largest county in the State both in area and population. From the county's western border, the settlement on Alamance Creek, it was a full day's wagon journey to the county seat at Hillsboro. As the population west of teh haw River increased, agitation grew for the establishment of a new county. Many citizens, however, opposed any division of Orange, especially the citizens of Hillsboro itself. The following petition appeared in 1842: "To the voters of Orange County "It is known to you that at the ensuing election a vote is to be taken on teh question of a division of Orange County . . . The question originated, we believe, a few years ago with the inhabitants on the west of Haw River, who complained: "1. That their people have to cross that river to get to the Court House . . "2. Secondly, it is urged that persons having business at Court are compelled to travel too far, and at too great a secrifice of time and money "Two new county seats would . . . of course require new bridges to be built . . . new roads to be laid off . . . increased taxes . . . increase the cost of maintaining two court houses . . . jails . . . Poor houses . . . "Again, it is well known that suits can not be impartially tried in small counties . . . because jurors are apt to become acquainted with the parties and their suits. . . "Approved and unaimously adopted, by a meeting of the citizens of Hillsborough, on the 26th of July, 1842." (Ref: From the files of the N.C. Historical Commission, Raleigh) Another seven years passed before the question reached the General Assembly at Raleigh. Giles MEBANE, Orange County's representative in the Assembly, was born west of Haw River, near the present town of Graham. He was educated at the Bingham School and later became a highly sucessful lawyer. First elected to the Assembly in 1844, he was successively reelected in 1846 and 1848. Few citizens realized more than he the inconvenient vastness of Orange, and few more strongly favored the plan to create a new county. On January 1, 1849, Mr. MEBANE introduced before the ligislature a bill entitled, "An Act to Lay Off and Establish a New County by the Name of Alamance." The Act provided: "That a county shall be, and the same is hereby, laid off and established, out of that portion of the county of Orange lying West of a North and South line running from the Caswell line, South to Haw River; thence down the meanders of the said River to the Chatham line, said North and South line running nine miles West of the twon of Hillsborough, as heretofor surbveyed by Edward BENSON; Said County to be called Alamance: and it shall be: and is hereby, invested with all the rights, privileges and immunities of the other Counties of the State; provided a majority of the qualified voters for members of the House of Commons in the county of Orange, shall vote for the division aforesaid." Later during the same month, a second act was introduced by Mr. MEBANE, which provided further: "That John STOCKARD, John FOGLEMAN, Jesse GANT, Peyton P. MOORE, Wm, A. CARRIGAN, John SCOTT, Abslom HARVEY, James A. CRAIG" be appointed a board of commissioners to select a suitable location near the center of the proposed Alamance County for the county seat. This board was given the power to purchase or receive as a donation a tract of land of not less than fwenty-five nor more than a hundred acres, unpon which a town would be laid off and the courthouse and jail erected. Sale of the lots which were not needed for public use was to provide the money for the building of the court house and jail (Ref: Laws of N.C., 1849, Chap. XIV) The name of the new county, Alamance, was suggested to her husband by Mrs. MEBANE, "in memory of the Battle of Alamance" (Ref: ASHE, Samuel A'COURT. Biographical History of N.C., Raleigh, 1908) There was a heated debate in teh Assembly, however, on the selevtion of a name for the town which would be the county seat. In the act which provided for locatioon of this town, the name "gallatin" first appeared, but it was repeatedly changed, to "Vernon," then "Montgomery," then "Berry," and, finally to "Graham,," which Mr. MEABANE himself chose in honor of the contemporary governor, William A. GRAHAM (Ref: Hillsboro Recorder, Hillsboro,N.C. February 14, 1849) Governon GRAHAM, a native of Lincoln County, graduated from the University of North Carolina as one of the four highest students in his class. He studied law, and at twenty-nine years of age, was elected to the State Legislature. he helped establish the first public schools of the State and aided in the building of the North Carolina Railroad. In 1840 he became United States Senator. In 1845 he was elected governor. Following his term in this office he was unsuccessful in 1852 as the Whig Party candidate for Vice President. He was later apointed Secretary of the Navy, in which office he sent the first American expedition to Japan under Admiral PERRY. His home, for some time, was in Hillsboro. Although the Assembly ratified the plans for Alamance County and the new town of Graham, both acts were dependent on the choice of Orange County voters. An election was set for the following April, in which the voters would decide for or against the proposed division. Strong infulence in favor of the division came from the man who had introduced the bill, Giles MEBANE "It is alleged," he wrote in the columns of the Hillsboro Recorder, "that division of teh county will increase taxes, especially in the new county . . . Western Orange is densely inhabited by an industrious and enterprising population, and we may reasonably anticipate a large surplus from the sale of town lots . . . In a few years a flourishing country village, with schools and churches to liberalize and instruct the surrounding country. . "The paupers and public bridges would be divided . . . the number of suits to be tried in Hillsborough would be reduced one half . . . your taxes could be reduced . . . "The ordinary inconveniences of traveling from remote parts of the county . . have been . . . long felt . . . " By a division of the country . . . political power would also be increased in the state legislature. Retaining the four Commoners (representatives) we now have between the two counties, according to their federal population . . . Orange and Alamance would each be entitled to a senator, and thus have six votes in the legislature." (Ref: Hillsboro Recorder, February 14, 1849) Such an appeal from one as respected as mr. MEBANE probably had great influence on the approaching election, and it seems likely that there would be no Alamance County today had this appeal not been made. The election on dividing Orange County took place Thursday, April 19, 1849, and results were: For the division . . . 1,257 Against the division. 1,001 By a narrow margin of 256 votes, Alamance County was born. The Governor officially proclaimed the establishment of the new county on April 24, 1849. On the last day of the same month, the commission named by the legislature met at Providence Meeting House ( near the site of the present Providence Church in north Graham), to discuss a site for the new county seat. ==== NCORANGE Mailing List ==== Larry Noah - lrnoah@bigfoot.com - Listowner - NCORANGE mailing list Orange Co, NC USGenWeb site is at http://www.rootsweb.com/~ncorange USGenWeb Orange Co, NC Archives site is at http://www.rootsweb.com/~usgenweb/nc/orangnc.htm

Does anyone have information on the Christopher Cook (Koch) who is believed to have been born in Germany and died in Orange County, NC prior to 1800? Any information will be appreciated. Robert Nicholson, Kingman, AZ ==== NCORANGE Mailing List ==== Larry Noah - lrnoah@bigfoot.com - Listowner - NCORANGE mailing list Orange Co, NC USGenWeb site is at http://www.rootsweb.com/~ncorange

Beginning in February 1866, a new County C0ourt was appointed and its members were sworn to uphold the Federal Constitution. This court was made up of many ex-Confederate Soldiers, and continued in existance until the State Constitution of 1868 came into effect, forever abolishing the County Court of Pleas and Quarter Session. 1866..... James A. VERNON, Thomas Camm MOORE, Aaron LOMAX, Hugh Patrick LOMAX, James T. SIMPSON, William SCOTT, Hugh David PATRICK, Samuel F. ADAMS, A.G. WALKER, Martin CLEMMONS, William BURTON, P.M. STONE, R.H. WARRINER, William CARVER, Julius THOMPSON, S.B. COBB, David M. MATTHEWS, Thomas PAYNE, Drury SMITH, A.G. RAKESTRAW, R.B. HENDERSON, N.H. DODD, Allen PRICE, William R. BAUGHN, R.A. HOLDERLY, P.D. McCOLLUM, James D. ELLINGTON, James T. MOREHEAD Sr, John S. JOHNSTON, G.L. AIKEN, Richard JOHNSON, Joel R. CARDWELL, H.J. McGEHEE, Peter SCALES, William LINDSAY, Miles D. KING, James P. DILLARD, R.P. RICHARDSON, William D. BETHELL, Nathan MOBLEY, Thomas S. BLACK, Benton FIELD, William M. ELLINGTON, George W. GARRETT, E.D. PASCHAL, Johnson A. BENNETT, John M. LINDSAY, Nicholas FELTS, Thomas A. RATLIFFE, Ulyssees HAND, James ROBERTS, James IRVIN 1867.... James HALL, Pleasant HOPKINS, Martin GROGAN, Thomas J. MOTLEY, Thomas D. PRICE ==== NCORANGE Mailing List ==== Larry Noah - lrnoah@bigfoot.com - Listowner - NCORANGE mailing list Orange Co, NC USGenWeb site is at http://www.rootsweb.com/~ncorange USGenWeb Orange Co, NC Archives site is at http://www.rootsweb.com/~usgenweb/nc/orangnc.htm

Hi, I'm new to the list and I received the welcome letter but the digest have been empty. I'm researching the Varner, Stout, Cox, Russell, Sutton, Pickard, Pickett, Seay families. Some I have a lot on, others very little. I hope to receive the digest soon. Thanks ,Patsy Varner Seay While Things may change around you, stay focused on the core of your being. That will get you through tumultuous times. Cat-e-chisms ==== NCORANGE Mailing List ==== Larry Noah - lrnoah@bigfoot.com - Listowner - NCORANGE mailing list Orange Co, NC USGenWeb site is at http://www.rootsweb.com/~ncorange USGenWeb Orange Co, NC Archives site is at http://www.rootsweb.com/~usgenweb/nc/orangnc.htm

BGSGen: Check http://www.ifx.net/~pfq/index.html for all your PETTIGREW info. Your Orange Co PETTIGREWs are descended from James I, II, III of Scotland > NIR > PA > VA > NC > points S & W. Ask Pat Pettigrew, she knows. CW, Winston-Salem (PETTIGREW/WITHERSPOON) ==== NCORANGE Mailing List ==== Larry Noah - lrnoah@bigfoot.com - Listowner - NCORANGE mailing list Orange Co, NC USGenWeb site is at http://www.rootsweb.com/~ncorange USGenWeb Orange Co, NC Archives site is at http://www.rootsweb.com/~usgenweb/nc/orangnc.htm

Looking for any information about Edmond/ Edmund LYON, b. 1788. Edmond and his sister Elizabeth (Betsey - would also love to know anything about her!) were orphans living with their grandfather, Robert LYON, when he died in Caswell County in 1804. Robert's will provides a legacy for them, and they become wards of their uncle, William LYON of Caswell County. About 1808, Edmond Lyon marries Elizabeth (Betsey) Cheatwood Dennis. After selling her inherited estate (from first husband, John Dennis/Tennison), they move west, eventually settling in Overton County, TN. Robert LYON's eldest son appears to be the orphans' father, but I can find nothing to indicate who either the son or his wife may have been. Does anyone have a Caswell-Orange-Person area daughter who may have married into this LYON family and then died young? Robert's other children: William (dies in Caswell in 1820 leaving wife Martha), Robert, jr. and John; daughters Ann Daniel (Nehemiah), Jane Johnston (Nuam?/Nunn?), and Mary Middlebrook (John). There are two other LYON lines in Caswell in 1800: heirs of John Lyon, who died there in 1784, and Alexander, son of William Lyon of Culpeper Co, VA. All three lines could be related, but I know of no documentation that connects them - yet! All assistance, clues, guesses gratefully accepted. ==== NCORANGE Mailing List ==== Larry Noah - lrnoah@bigfoot.com - Listowner - NCORANGE mailing list Orange Co, NC USGenWeb site is at http://www.rootsweb.com/~ncorange GENDEX at http://www.gendex.com/gendex/ has over 1500 databases on line

Major James M. HUNTER was the son of Dr. Robert HUNTER and Fannie MARTIN, and a grandson of Col James HUNTER and Mary McFARLAND of Rockingham County, NC. Major James M. HUNTER married Mary Ann E. MARTIN who was a daughter of Hugh MARTIN and Elizabeth BECKHAM, and the grandaughter of Col James MARTIN by his first wife Ruth ROGERS of Stokes County, NC James M. HUNTER born 4 Dec 1809, Rockingham Co. NC...died 30 Oct 1862 in TN... and Mary Ann E. MARTIN born 11 Sept 1809 in Stokes Co. NC...died 29 Sept 1875 in TN...they had married 27 Oct 1831 in Stokes Co. NC. Their Children.... Edward Livingston HUNTER...born 8 Oct 1832 in Rockingham Co. NC Sarah Elisabeth HUNTER...born 22 June 1834 in Rockingham Co. NC Susan Martin HUNTER...born 22 June 1836 in Fayette Co. TN Pleasant Henderson HUNTER...born 27 Feb 1839 in Obion Co. TN James Madison HUNTER...born 1 Nov 1841 in Obion Co. TN Mary Ann HUNTER..born 2 June 1846 in Obion Co. TN Corinna Jane HUNTER... born 10 April 1849 in Obion, TN I have no further information on this Hunter family..... ==== NCORANGE Mailing List ==== Larry Noah - lrnoah@bigfoot.com - Listowner - NCORANGE mailing list Orange Co, NC USGenWeb site is at http://www.rootsweb.com/~ncorange USGenWeb Orange Co, NC Archives site is at http://www.rootsweb.com/~usgenweb/nc/orangnc.htm

Hiya, Well, I was calmly reading through my e-mail in my post-holiday daze (I spent a week in Jamaica and am still half asleep), and saw your posting about Isaac. Neither of the ones you have listed appear to be mine, though they certainly could be related. "My Isaac" was born 8 Jan 1801 in Orange Co NC (probably Cane Creek) to James McDaniel and Charity Wells (d/o Joseph Wells, Jr and Charity Carrington). James was also born in Orange Co, son of "Colonel" McDaniel (I will get a first name for him one of these days) who emigrated to the States from Ireland (of Scots ancestry) in time to fight in the Revolution (hence the Colonel). James McDaniel (alternately spelled McDannel) had a John McDaniel who stood as bondsman at his wedding. Isaac emigrated to Indiana with many of the Quakers from Cane Creek, and married Sarah Frances Edwards (also born NC) in Paoli IN in 1828. I would be thrilled with any information about this family--I have lots of descendents and relatives to share! Hope to hear more soon. Mary Celine Scott (MaryCelineScott@worldnet.att.net) ==== NCORANGE Mailing List ==== Larry Noah - lrnoah@bigfoot.com - Listowner - NCORANGE mailing list Orange Co, NC USGenWeb site is at http://www.rootsweb.com/~ncorange USGenWeb Orange Co, NC Archives site is at http://www.rootsweb.com/~usgenweb/nc/orangnc.htm

William age 49 , wife Susan M (Susanna 1870) 42, Mary E 21, James M19, William A. 16 (mine) Elijah S 14, Robert M. 11, Elisa J 8, Sarah E 6 and Effa E 5, these are on the 1880 census for Pleasant Grove, Alamance Co Also in Orange Co PETTIGREW and RICE , need parents of John Elkins PETTIGREW, believe father was Charles. Thanks ==== NCORANGE Mailing List ==== Larry Noah - lrnoah@bigfoot.com - Listowner - NCORANGE mailing list Orange Co, NC USGenWeb site is at http://www.rootsweb.com/~ncorange

Hi, Does anyone recognize the name JACOB A. LONG? He was probably born about 1819 in NC, probably Orange County. If I can pinpoint the place where Jacob was born, or lived as a child, I may be able to find the parents of an ancestor. Thanks! -Ken ==== NCORANGE Mailing List ==== Larry Noah - lrnoah@bigfoot.com - Listowner - NCORANGE mailing list Orange Co, NC USGenWeb site is at http://www.rootsweb.com/~ncorange USGenWeb Orange Co, NC Archives site is at http://www.rootsweb.com/~usgenweb/nc/orangnc.htm

Those who occupied state offices were not idle during this period. State officials condemned the Ku Klux severely, but would not or could not stop its activities. When the Legislature met in the autumn of 1869, Gov. W. W. HOLDEN urged the passage of a law that would give him greater power to control the situation. T. M. SHOFFNER, a resident of Alamance County, introduced a bill granting sweeping powers to the governor "for a better protection of life and property;" one power being that of declaring a county in a state of insurrection. The bill was passed and became law in January, 1870. During the same session, HOLDEN sent a company of militia commanded by a Raleigh saloonkeeper to Alamance County to investigate the whipping of Caswell HOLT. Nothing was accomplished in the county, but the expedition did much to secure the imimediate passage of a law which made going masked, painted, or disguised a misdemeanor, and made any act of trespass, force, or violence committed while so disguised, a felony. Early in 1870, the Orange County Ku Klux voted for the death of T.M. SHOFFNER, who had introduced the "for better protection" bill, and started to Alamance to carry out the deed. The news had preceded them, though, and a group ofAlamance Klansmen turned back the visitors. Eli EULISS, head of the Constitutional Union Guard personally escorted SHOFFNER to Greensboro. SHOFFNER was terribly alarmed by the incident, and soon moved to Indiana. Wyatt OUTLAW, the negro police officer who had fired upon the Klansmen at their first appearance in the county, was head of the Union Leauge, an anit-ku Klux group in the county. His death had been determined by certain members of one of the klan orders. A party of them rode into Graham on the night of February 26, 1870, seized OUTLAW in his home, and carried him to a tree in the courthouse square. Ther they hanged him, leaving on his breast the inscription; "Beware, ye guilty, both black and white." As the raiders went home, a semi-idiotic Negro named William PURYEAR saw some of them and reported the fact. He disappeared that night and was found dead some weeks later in a neighboring pond. All attempts to discover the perpetrators of these two murders were unsucessful. Though public sentiment in the county strongly condemned the hanging of OUTLAW, many believed that the Ku Klux Klan had nothing to do with PURYEAR's death. Shortly thereafter, Governor HOLDEN declared Alamance County in a state of insurrection, but sent no troops, despite his threats. A few days later, the governor notified the President of his action affecting Alamance, and asked for Federal Troops. He suggested that Congress authorize the President to suspend the writ of habeas corpus in order that the criminals might be arrested and, after trial by military tribunal, shot. He also notified the senators and representatives from North Carolina of his actions: STATEOF NORTH CAROLINA EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT RALEIGH, MARCH 17, 1870 HON. J.C. ABBOT, U.S. SENATOR WASHINGTON, D.C. What is being done to protect good citizens in Alamance County? We have Federal troops, but we want power to act. Is it possible the government will abandon its loyal people to be whipped and hanged? The habeas corpus should be at once suspended. Will write you tomorrow. W.W. HOLDEN, Governor. These were anxious times, indeed, for those people of Alamance who sought peace and quiet, but soon a louder rumbling echoed over the County. ==== NCORANGE Mailing List ==== Larry Noah - lrnoah@bigfoot.com - Listowner - NCORANGE mailing list Orange Co, NC USGenWeb site is at http://www.rootsweb.com/~ncorange

At the close of the war, many qualified office-holders were denied political positions, and corrupt politics descended upon Alamance County, as they did throughout the South. Out of this atmosphere of fear and unrest rose the Ku Klux Klan. There were three divisions of the Klan, known as the Invisible empire, the White Brotherhood, and the Constitutional Union Guard, and each of them had chapters in Alamance. Jacob A. LONG headed the ten camps of the White Brotherhood and the Empire in this county, and James A. J. PATTERSON was chief of the Guard. Each camp of the Brotherhood had its own chief as well; these included Jacob A. LONG, Jasper N. WOOD, John T. TROLLINGER, Albert MURRAY, George ANTHONY, David MEBANE, William STOCKARD, John DURHAM, James BRADSHER, and Joseph FAUCETTE. Leader of the five klans of the Constitutional Union Guard in the county were James A. J. PATTERSON, Eli EULISS, John T. FOGLEMAN, Jasper N. WOOD, Jacob LONG, and George ANTHONY. (Note: These names and events are found in official records of the impeachment trial of Governor W. W. HOLDEN) There were said to have been 600 to 700 members of the three klans in the county. Although the Ku Klux later acquired an infamous reputation, due partially to deed for whidch the Klan itself was not responsible, it was formed as an organization to protect the "rights of the South, or of the people" and to protect the homes of Confederate veterans from "Yankee scalawags and carpetbaggers" who invaded the South at this time to gather the spoils of war. The Ku Klux adopted a weird and firghtening costume. At meetings or on raids, the Brotherhood members wore large, loose gowns that covered their whole body and dragged on teh ground. These gowns were made of linen, bleached very white, and were starched and ironed st that they glittered and rustled in the moonlight. Over their heads the klansmen wore a hood with eye holes and an artificial nose six or eight inches long which was stuffed with cotton and lapped with red braid half an inch wide. the eye sockets wre lined with red braid and eyebrows were made of it. The hood was lined with red flannel and a six inch red flannel tongue hung from the grotesque mouth with its huge teeth. A leather bag hung inside the hood beneath the tongue, and klansmen often forced Negroes to bring them gallons of water which they poured into this bag. There were three horns on top of the hood, each a foot long and lapped with red braid. The Ku Klux Klan was widespread in Alamance County, and there was a very general sentiment among the people in favor of the movement. However, only one raid was ever made by the Brotherhood or Empire with the official santion of the county Chief. The quiet little village of Graham was suddenly dignified by the appointement of a night police force. It consisted of three Negroes who were instructed to stop all persons who came on the streets after nine o'clock and ascertain their business. This excited much anger in the town, and Jacob A. LONG ordered thirty men in disguise, without arms, to ride through the town with the purpose of frightening the Negro police. Late one night, thirty-one klansmen rode into Graham and slowly and silently circled the courthouse. The moonlight gave an eerie glow to their ghostly robes. Wyatt OUTLAW and Henry HOLT, both Negro policemen, opened fire, and emptied their pistols as the klansmen galloped away from the scene. LONG saw at once the impossibility of controlling the Klan groups, and refused to give his consent to any other demonstration. He was right; the movement was beyond the control of any man, whatever his authority. In 1869 LONG called a meeting of the local chiefs and officially disbanded the White Brotherhood and invisible Empire. The Constitutional Union Guard was disbanded a year later, but a period of great activity by the individual members followed. Klan orders and laws were ignored, and the organization began to take on a black aura. In January, 1869, Caswell HOLT, a Negro, was severely whipped allegedly for insulting a young white girl. Several suspects were arrested and carried to a Republican magistrate, but all were cleared. About a year later HOLT was visited by the Ku Klux, who fired into his house and wounded him severely. Alonzo CORLISS, a man from the North, settled shortly after the war at Company Shops and began teaching a Negro school there. He was president of the local Union League and incurred the wrath of many white citizens by insisting that Negroes go to church and sit among the white people. In the autumn of 1869, the Ku KLux whipped CORLISS, shaved one side of his head, and painted one side of his face black. he had four men arrested and examined before a Republican magistrate, but could produce no evidence against them. CORLISS was a cripple, and many Klansmen were angry at his treatment and sympathized with him, but his trials were not over. Soon afterwards a flag trimmed with crepe was set up in the road near his school, and a coffin paced nearby bearing the following words "CORLISS and the Negroes. Let the guilty beware. Don't touch. Hell." A large number of persons in the county were whipped, some for a particular offense and some for their general mode of life. Insofar as it can be determined, none were lashed for political reasons. Many negroes were whipped for the purpose of intimidation, with eighteen of them suffering this abuse in one section in one night. During one such case, a child was trampled and later died from the injuries. In another case, a Negro woman used an axe to such effect that one of the visitors carried its mark across his face for the rest of his life. One white man who had been talking loudly against the Klan found a coffin at his door with the inscription across its head, "Hold your tongue, or this will be your home." and down its length, "Alive today, but dead tomorrow." 'K.K.K.' Negroes and whites were visited and made to rasp skeleton hands or bring buckets of water for the thristy spirit who "hadn't had a drink of water since he was killed at Shiloh." One old man, Benjamin CABLE, burst into the office of the Clerk of Court the day after one such experience, crying, "God, ALBRIGHT, the Ku Klux don't hurt anybody but they scare a man 'most to death. They made me bring six buckets of water . . ." <more> ==== NCORANGE Mailing List ==== Larry Noah - lrnoah@bigfoot.com - Listowner - NCORANGE mailing list Orange Co, NC USGenWeb site is at http://www.rootsweb.com/~ncorange USGenWeb Orange Co, NC Archives site is at http://www.rootsweb.com/~usgenweb/nc/orangnc.htm

The war was over. The last charge had been sounded; the last shot had been fired. For four years the men of the South had fought bravely for their causes, had struggled and suffered and died at Bull run, at Manassas, and at Gettysburg. Now their cause and their beloved Southland was crushed, and they must return to their farms and homes and try to pick up the broken thread of life. In ones and threes and larger groups, the tired and grimy men straggled homeward from Durham, from Appomatox, from northern prisons. Some came by train and some walked. They were listless and dejected and beaten, but they were not, nor would they ever be conquered. They had fought well and had abeen beaten honorably. Now they came home to work and strive to play vital roles in the growth and development of their country. They brought strange and wonderful stories of war with them; stories that would enliven the long evenings for many years to come. Many names and many places were told about--JACKSON and STUART, Cemetery Ridge, and the Wilderness, and Shiloh--and among these remakable epics was that of Lucian MURRAY. At the outbreak of the war, Lucian MURRAY was a young man living in Alamance County. In 1862, he enlisted in the first North Carolina Troops. During the war, few men were in more battles and had more combat experience than he. He fought at Richmond; at Manassas; at South Mountain; at Charlottesburg; in the Vally of Virginia; at Chancellorsville, where he was wounded twice; in the Battle of the Wilderness; at Gettysburg; at Fredericksburg, where he again was wounded; at Mine Run; and at Appomattox. The young hero was captured twice but managed both thimes to escape. He was first taken by the "Yankees" while on a sharp shooting expedition with a hundred other men near Lettletown,Virginia. As the Northern troops were leading their prisoners away, MURRAY suddenly stepped out of ranks behind a white oak. Here he waited, watching for his chance to run. As he raised his arms to throw off his knapsack, the guards saw him and ordered him to surrender. Instead, he dropped his equipment and ran for his life. "I always believed I flew," he later told friends. "My toes just lightly hit the ground. The bullets whizzed about me. Every one that burnt me, I ran a little faster. I ran to the Rapidan River leaving Strawsburg to the right. I was making for the mountains on the other side . . . "It was dark now. Plunging into the river which was up a foot or two, I waded across. Grasping a bush on the opposite bank to pull up by, I pulled it up by the roots, causing me to fall backwards into the water. As I fell, I heard a Yankee speak . . . "' Do you hear that damned muskrat?' "I fluttered the water just like a muskrat. Changing my mind about landing, I waded down the river two miles, crossed and went up the mountain to its very top. Looking towards the south, I saw the white tents of an army . . . I knew them to be the enemy. "As I was looking out for a place to lie down, I ran upon three men asleep. They awork in panic and, throwing up their hands, surrendered. "'What command do you belong to?' I asked. "' To RIPLEY's brigade,' they answered . . . "How glad I was to see THEM! "I tramped about the mountain for six days before I got back to my outfit. I lived well--begging my living--and was treated well . . . When I finally rejoined by command at Gordonsville, I found that I had been ut on the dead list, reported as killed at Middletown. I soon corrected that. "(STOCKARD, Sallie. History of Alamance, Raleigh, 1900) MURRAY was captured again near the end of the war, and finding that his Union guard was unfamiliar with the territory they were in, the young Confederate led him into a nest of Confederate troops, where the captor in turn was captured. At the surrender at Appomattox,MURRAY shook hands with his commanding officer and told him goodbye. "I shall not surrender," he said. "I'm going home. I've been captured twice and got loose and I won't surrender now!" Nearby stood General Robert E. LEE. He overheard MURRAY's declaration. "Young man," he said, "you'll be taken and sent back!" "I'll risk that, sir," said MURRAY. "I'm going to walk home!" And he did. ==== NCORANGE Mailing List ==== Larry Noah - lrnoah@bigfoot.com - Listowner - NCORANGE mailing list Orange Co, NC USGenWeb site is at http://www.rootsweb.com/~ncorange USGenWeb Orange Co, NC Archives site is at http://www.rootsweb.com/~usgenweb/nc/orangnc.htm

Looking for the parents of FRANCIS SHACKELFORD who died in Caswell Co. abt 1779-1780. Will witnessed Feb 18, 1780. Wife was EUNICE TERRY. Children were REBECCA, ARMISTEAD, NANCY, HENRY, ABSOLOM, ABNER and BETSY. Appears in Orange Co. deed books in 1769. Had a lot of dealings with families named DICKERSON and TERRY. After he died, his wife and some of his children moved to Pittsylvania Co., VA. Is this where he is from? This FRANCIS SHACKELFORD is not the son of JOHN SHACKELFORD of Onslow or Carteret Co., NC. The marriages of some of his children were as follows: ABSALOM married NANCY HOLCOMB, NANCY SHACKELFORD married RICHARD COLE, ABNER SHACKELFORD married FRANCES WRIGHT, HENRY SHACKELFORD married MARY SHIELDS, JOHN SHACKELFORD married JEANE SHIELDS. I have no proof that his wife's name was EUNICE TERRY, but executors of his will included OLIVE. or OLIVER TERRY, and ABNER SHACKELFORD named his only child, ABNER TERRY SHACKELFORD. I would appreciate any information on this particular family. Ruby RElrod5535@aol.com ==== NCORANGE Mailing List ==== Larry Noah - lrnoah@bigfoot.com - Listowner - NCORANGE mailing list Orange Co, NC USGenWeb site is at http://www.rootsweb.com/~ncorange USGenWeb Orange Co, NC Archives site is at http://www.rootsweb.com/~usgenweb/nc/orangnc.htm

General W. T. SHERMAN, leader of the infamous "march through Georgia" captured the city of Wilmington, North Carolina in February, 1865. The war now centered on North Carolina. As SHERMAN's men moved westward, Confederate General Joseph E. JOHNSTON took up a postion on the Neuse River to head the "yankees" away from Raleigh. Meanwhile, a second Union Army under General STONEMAN entered the state from Tennessee. Stories of depredations of teh "Yankees" preceded their coming, and families hid their silver and other valuables, often burying them in nearby woods. What horses the Confederate Army had left them were also carried to the woods. Pillage and devastation was certain to come. It is said that the Bank of New Bern shipped a large amount of gold coin to the Company Shops at this time, and that the money was buried in the woods nearby. Some years later, the story adds, a negro farmer ploughed up some $3,000 in gold pieces near this same site. On the night of April 10, General JOHNSTON recieved a message from Confederate President Jefferson DAVIS that the South had been forced to evacuated Petersbrg, Virginia. JOHNSTON marched his troops to Raleigh, and the following afternoon recieved a dispatch saying President DAVIS was at Greensboro, and desired to see him. JOHNSTON took the train to Greensboro early next morning. He found both General BEAUREGARD and President DAVIS there, with headquarters set up in railroad cars. General STONEMAN's Union Army had captured a tremendous amount of Confederate supplies at Salisbury, and marching toward Greensboro on April 11, set fire to railroad bridges both north and south of the city. By a strange concidence, they barely missed the opportunity to capture the train bearing the Confederate leaders. Jeff DAVIS still maintained hopes that day, but when his Secretary of War, General BRECKINRIDGE, arrived a short tiime later, he admitted that an effort should be made to end the war. Generals JOHNSTON and BEAUREGARD agreed with him. President DAVIS, himself, sat in his railroad car at Greensboro, and dictated a note to Gerneral SHERMAN, And General JOHNSTON signed it. Meanwhile, SHERMAN had entered the city of Raleigh, and the troops which JOHNSTON had left there evacuated the capital to the Union Army. SHERMAN received JOHNSTON's note and sent word that he would be glad to see the Confederate commander at a place five miles west of Durham on April 17. General JOHNSTON assembled his tattered and war-fatigued men around him at Company Shops and with tears in his eyes, he told them goodbye. "Be men," he said, "Be men--wherever you go!" As quietly as the war had come to Company Shops, it also came t an end. The proud but defeated General walked to the depot, whre a single car waited for him, and with Captain W. H. TURRENTINE of Company Shops at the throttle, the engine puffed out of the shop yards and headed for the historic meeting with General SHERMAN. All of today's postings are from; Centennial History of Alamance county 1849-1949 Whitaker. Note: This book does not carry a copywrite. Quoting from the book: " In order that material from this book can be used as widely as possible, it does not carry a copyright. Proper credit to the source of information, however, witll be appreciated." Memo: I checked this book out at the State Historical Society of Wisconsin. I wanted to copy as much as I could before I must return it. So, please excuse (or at least forgive) all my typo's. Carol ==== NCORANGE Mailing List ==== Larry Noah - lrnoah@bigfoot.com - Listowner - NCORANGE mailing list Orange Co, NC USGenWeb site is at http://www.rootsweb.com/~ncorange GENDEX at http://www.gendex.com/gendex/ has over 1500 databases on line

In the autumn before the war ended, the little neighborhood near what is now Swepsonville was agog with excitement, for the Western Artillery of the Confederate Army was going to pass that way en route t o Virginia. Every family scraped together what food and clothing it could, and had it ready for the troops when they arrived. Years later one aged wooman remembered the endless stream of tired, hungry, half-naked men who shuffled along the road by her grandfathers home. Some of the more fortunate rode horses, but many walked barefoot and listlessly, without music and without flages. For thirty-six long hours, the troops filed across the narow fording place on Haw River. The young girl watched from the kitchen window, as she fried large slabs of meat and busshels of potatoes, and boiled pots ofsynthetic coffee for the hungry soldiers. Long into the night she kept her place over the stove, preparing food, while other members of the family passed it to the men on the road outside. A company of French Zouaves, part of the Confederate force, was detailed to guard the house from damage by the troops, and as the long night passed, they kept up their spirits by singing "La Marseilles," the French National Anthem, and other strange and foreign songs. When the food was finally gone and the day had come, the girl went with her grandfather to watch the long columns of men from a nearby ridge. There on the ridge they found a young soldier weeping. He told them that his horse was no longer able to carry him and that he was heartbroken at the thought of leaving the animal behind. The aged plantation owner led the soldier to his stables and gave him the last saddle horse on the farm, in exchange for the boy's own sorrowful colt. With a smile of grateful appreciation, the young soldier mounted the horse and rode away, as the Army continued to file slowly along the dusty road. ==== NCORANGE Mailing List ==== Larry Noah - lrnoah@bigfoot.com - Listowner - NCORANGE mailing list Orange Co, NC USGenWeb site is at http://www.rootsweb.com/~ncorange

The people of Alamance county saw little of the war itself, until the last ninty days, when North Carolina was invaded by the "Yankees" and refugees began to cross theis section ahead of the advancing enemy. Conditions of the times were recorded in a school notebooks on 1863: "Last year at this time, no conscripts had been called into service. However, a great many had volunteered and gone into it. Others had been drafted, the most of whom put in subsitutes, or went into it during the war.But since then there has been a great change. The conscripts between the ages of 18 and 40 have been called into Confederate service. Hence the laboring class of men is scarce, and the farms, in a great measure, have to be cultivated by woman and children." (Quoted from FERGUSON, Clyde V., Educational Growth in Alamance County, UNC Thesis 1933.) Army patrols occasionally rode through Alamance in search of deserters, and guards were posted at the important bridges to keep the vital lines of communication open. "Desertion in the Confederate Army becomes alarming and the Militia are ordered to guard all the crossing places on Haw River . . ." (FERGUSON, Clyde V., Educational Growth in Alamance County, UNC Thesis 1933) The women of this county, like those throughout the South, endured the hardships of the war years with quiet courage. They formed soldiers' aid societies to knit socks and to sew for the men at the front and to feed and care for the wounded and weary veterans who passed throught the county aboard troop trains. A group of these women often met trains at the depot with food and clothing which they distributed to the grateful soldiers. Sacrifices had to be made at home. Carpets, heavy curtains, and draperies wereunravelled and woven into blankets for the army. Table and bed linen was sent to Confederate hospitals for bqandages. The home folk were crude homespun or patched clothing, and did without many former luxuries and necessities. Food soon grew scarce; Sorghum replaced sugar, and rye or wheat was ground up and roated to take the place of coffee. Conditions at home in Alamance and at the front during the war years are well described in the following letter: "North Carolina, June 24, 1862 Alamance County Deare son I write you a few lines to let you know how we are getting a long we are all well but you mother and Daniel they are not well but they are on the mend. . . I receive letter dated the 6 of June and glad to receive it for we wass all out of harte for fear that we never should get a letter from you but thank be to God that you are in the land of the living . . . you heard that I expect Daniel home from Danville from Mr. MOSER he told me that you wanted some money and I will sen you ten Dollars . . .we are just done Cutting our Wwheate and the oates is ripe now we got them to cut and . . . the corn to plow so we got no time to reste at all . . . cropes . . . have been very good . . . whiskey is . . . a very good price now . . . is woth too dollars & fifty cents per gallon. . . I got over too hundred dollars. . . I have sold ten barles of flour at eight dollars & fifty cents per barrel . . . I got all the horses yet . . . Eli SHARP" Conditions at the front were typical of those which Mr. SHARP's son describes in the letters which he wrote home. "H'd Q'r 15" N.C.R. COOKE's Brigade Fredericksburg, VA., Dec 6" 62 "Dear Father . . . I found my Regiment about four miles from Fredericksburg. . . wee have some tents and have plenty wood and good water. We had snow last night 2 inches deep . . . "Fredericksburg Dec the 17 1862 " . . . Wee have had a fight and I came out safe I got hit on my rite shoulder whith a spent ball but did not hurt much . . . I think wee gaind a grate victory . . . "April 19 1863 "Wee have been looking for a big fight but it has not come . . . wee have verry good fare hear now. . . we get plenty of corn meal and one pound of beef is aloud to each man per day . . . wee get plenty of salt and sometimes wee draw rice and sugar . . . wee have preaching every Sabbath and prayer on Wensday night . . . I heard that the women had been preparing thread and cloth in Alamance from all the factorys . . . "July 10 1863 "I have not heard from Daniel since I rote to you before . . . I hope that he is alive yet and that he well get back again . . . I saw Uncle Greens John and Henry . . . "Your afectionate Son "M.H. SHARP" While many businesses collapsed, the cotton mills and the railroads boomed. The Saxapahaw Mill, E. M. HOLT's factory at Alamance and Ben TROLLINGER's mill on Haw River produced hundreds of yards of cotton cloth which were sent to Raleigh to be made into Confederate uniforms. Near the close of the war, though, cotton became extremely scarce and expensive in the South. One humorous story is told about the occasion when E.M. HOLT "borrowed" several thousand bales of staple cotton from teh Union Army. The cotton had been seized by General SHERMAN's men in South Carolina and shipped north through Alamance County. Because the train had difficulty getting through Confederate territory, the cotton was undoaded near company Shops and the train headed back to South Carolina. Late at night, Mr. HOLT gathered his friends and neighbors and stole the abandoned cotton, and, with this aid from the "Yankees," was able to operate his mill for several months. Paul C. CAMERON took over Colonel Charles FISHER's place at the head of the North Carolina Railroad at the beginning of the war and offered every facility of thee company to transport Confederate troops and supplies. The Army also took charge of the telegraph service at Company Shops. ==== NCORANGE Mailing List ==== Larry Noah - lrnoah@bigfoot.com - Listowner - NCORANGE mailing list Orange Co, NC USGenWeb site is at http://www.rootsweb.com/~ncorange USGenWeb Orange Co, NC Archives site is at http://www.rootsweb.com/~usgenweb/nc/orangnc.htm