Mr. Quintrell may not have linked Samuel and Israel on paper, but he always led me to believe these two guys were brothers and the children of William who md. Abigail, who was probably/possibly the son of William and Susannah. Mr. Q. was fairly certain that Samuel was the son of William/Abigail. Wish I had the firm proof for you though. Ah, these MCBEEs - aren't they a joy? :-) Karen Groce wgroce@netdoor.com