Thank you, Katherine, for that real world, BUT previously unknown, prior to DNA testing, genetic distinction for the Samuel FULLER line. This website may be useful for explaining the uses of DNA testing in genealogy: http://www.thegeneticgenealogist.com/ Bill VH ***************************************** Message: 6 Date: Mon, 21 Jul 2008 12:45:05 -0700 From: Katherine Hope Borges <kvjjmmborges@msn.com> Subject: Re: [MFLR] DNA and Application Process To: <mayflower@rootsweb.com> Hi Sherrye, In some cases, albeit rare, Y-DNA CAN identify a specific ancestor, as it does with Samuel Fuller's line. His line has a rare mutation, DYS 393=12 where his brother Edward, and his cousins, have a DYS 393=13. I do not know whether Dr. Samuel himself had this mutation, but can tell you with 100% certainty that his son, Samuel did because he passed it on to his sons. http://www.ourfamilyorigins.com/mayflowerfullersdnaproject.htm Kind regards, Katherine Hope Borges