In a message dated 8/29/01 11:17:15 PM Eastern Daylight Time, jimgilmer@alaweb.com writes: << So what your are saying, is to look in other family members' household censuses, if you might suspect someone was left off the census. >> I think this especially true as they get to be older teens. Boys going to help a family out that needs farm hands; girls going to lend helping hand in caring for elderly or younger children. Same age, but separate from family households, teens were sometimes either formally or informally bound out to another household to learn a trade. My 3 g grandfather Lipscomb WASH, then an orphan was bound out in Louisa Co VA 1780s at about age 12 to a millright. The fellow Lewis Johnson (and a later son) took on several youths over the years. Johnson lived in Powhatan Co, and the rest is history as they say. Janet Hunter (I think us Janets maybe should use our Last names?)