TIP#151 - L & N RAILROAD - PART 2 Remember to check out the KYRESEARCH message board shown in my signture line. All past tips are located there! I am returning for another look at the old railroads in Kentucky. This is taken from Collins' History, 1874. The railroad depots in existence at this time gives us an idea of how our ancestors traveled from point to point, and many of the stations were named for the resident whose land on which it was situated. The largest of the railroads in Kentucky was the Louisville and Nashville. This list will show the name of the station, the county, and the distance from the starting point - which for the L & N was Louisville of course. We are continuing the route of this line. NASHVILLE, TN TO DECATUR, AL: Nashville, Davidson, 185 (starting point from Louisville) Franklin, 204 Columbia, 231 Pulaski, 264 Veto, "near the state line", 280 Athens, AL, 292 Decatur, AL, 307 DECATUR, AL to MONTGOMERY, AL: Decatur, AL, 307 Birmingham, AL, 395 Ironton, AL, 401 Calera, AL 428 Montgomery, AL 490 Montgomery, AL to Pensacola, FL 164 Montgomery to Mobile, AL, 186 Louisville to Mobile, 676 Louisville to Pensacola, 654 LOUISVILLE to MEMPHIS, TN Louisville, Jefferson, 0 Bowling Green, Warren, 113 ½ Memphis Junction, 118 Rockfield, 123 South Union, Logan Co KY, 128 ½ Auburn, 131 ½ McLeod, 163 1/3 Russellville, 143 ¼ Cave Spring, 148 Whippoorwill, 150 Olmstead, 153 Allensville, Todd Co KY, 156 ¾ Hadensville, 161 ¼ Guthrie, 163 ½ Tait's, Montgomery Co TN, 165 ½ Hampton's, 167 ¾ Dudley's, 171 Cherry's, 173 Fair Grounds, 174 ¾ Clarksville-Cumberland River, 178 Palmyra, 188 Tennessee River, 220 Paris, 246 McKenzie, 295 Humboldt, 295 Brownsville, 321 Memphis, 377 LOUISVILLE TO GLASGOW, KY: Glasgow Junction, Barren, 90 ½ Glasgow, 101 LOUISVILLE TO BARDSTOWN: Bardstown Junction, Bullitt, 22 Big Spring, 26 ¾ Cave Spring, 28 ¾ Sayers, Nelson Co KY, 32 Samuels, 33 Nazareth, 37 ¼ Bardstown, 39 ½ KNOXVILLE BRANCH OF THE L & N: LOUISVILLE TO LEXINGTON, KY: Lebanon Junction, Bullitt, 29 ¾ Boston, Nelson Co, 34 ¾ Nelson Furnace, 39 ¼ New Haven, 45 Gethsemane, 48 ½ New Hope, 50 Chicago, Marion, 55 Loretta, 56 ½ St. Mary's, 61 ¾ Lebanon, 67 Penick, 73 Riley's, 76 ¼ Gravel Switch, 79 ½ North Fork, Boyle Co KY 80 ¾ Brumfield, 83 ¾ Mitchellsburg, 85 ½ Parksville, 88 ¾ Danville Station/Shelby City, 95 ½ Stanford, Lincoln Co KY, 103 ½ Richmond Junction, 104 ¾ Hall's Gap, 109 Crab Orchard,115 Gum Sulphur, 119 ¼ Broadhead, Rockcastle Co KY, 122 Mt. Guthrie, 126 ½ Mt. Vernon, 129 Pleasant Valley, 131 Pine Hill, 134 ½ Round Stone, 136 ½ Livingston, 140 LOUISVILLE TO RICHMOND, KY: Richmond Junction, Lincoln Co KY, 104 ¾ Hayden's, 106 Gilbert's Creek, 109 Lancaster, Garrard Co KY, 112 ½ Hyattsville, 116 Point Leavell, 117 ½ Lowell, 122 Paint Lick, 123 Moran's Summitt, Madison Co KY, 126 Silver Creek, 128 ½ Duncannon, 132 ½ Hararis, 136 Richmond, 138 ½ The next railroad we'll look at is the Mobile & Ohio Railroad. © Copyright 26 May 1998, Sandra K. Gorin, All Rights Reserved, sgorin@glasgow-ky.com Sandi Gorin - 205 Clements Ave., Glasgow, KY 42141-3409 (502)651-9114 or sgorin@glasgow-ky.com - Kentucky Colonel PUBLISHING: http://members.tripod.com/~GorinS/index.html KYRESEARCH: http://cgi.rootsweb.com/~genbbs/genbbs.cgi/USA/Ky/Tips KYBIOS: http://cgi.rootsweb.com/~genbbs/genbbs.cgi/USA/Ky/Bios BARREN CO OBITUARIES: http://cgi.rootsweb.com/~genbbs/genbbs.cgi/USA/Ky/BarrenObits

TIP#151 - SLAVERY So much of the history of Kentucky is wrapped around the subject of slavery. This tragic time in the history of not only the Commonwealth of Kentucky, but that of the United States, can be a confusing issue in attempting to understand how the laws worked. The following is taken from the 1822 Acts of the Legislature of the State of Kentucky, Chapter CLXXIV, enacted 8 February 1798. Section 1: No persons shall henceforth be slaves within this Commonwealth except such as were so on the 17th day of October, 1785, and the descendants of the females of them. This appears to indicate that if an individual was already a slave in 1798, they were to remain slaves and that any descendants of these slaves would be considered slaves … but, an individual not meeting these "qualifications" would be placed into slavery. Section 2: No Negro or Mulatto could be a witness except in pleas of the Commonwealth against Negroes or Mulattoes. This is why you will find in the court cases of the early days of statehood, a slave was never called as a witness unless the case was against one of like color. Section 3: No slave could leave the home of his master or any individual with whom he lived without having a pass to do so. This could be a letter or token from his owner that he had the authority to be away from home. The slave had to carry this letter with him at all times when away from the home. Section 4: Any slave who violated this provision was to be whipped by having 10 lashes across the bare back. Section 5: Slaves were never allowed to carry arms - this included Negro, Mulatto or Indians. They could not be found with a gun, powder, shot, club or any sort of weapon. If anything was found, it would be confiscated and he was whipped with up to 39 lashes. Section 6: There were exceptions to this rule. If a Negro, Mulatto of Indian was a free man and a housekeeper, the law did not apply - he was allowed to keep enough to protect his home and family. Section 7: Riots, unlawful assemblies, trespasses and seditious speeches were not allowed, and they would be punished by a whipping. Section 8: No person was allowed to permit the slave of others to remain on his plantation for more than 4 hours at a time without the permission of the owner. If the time limit was abused, the slave owner was charged $2.00 an hour for every over above the 4-hour limit. If there was more than 5 Negroes or slaves remaining on the property, there was a charge of 5 shillings each which was paid to the informer. Section 9: This was a proviso that noted that there was nothing to prohibit the Negroes or Slaves of one or the same owner, even though "seated" at different quarters, from meeting with their owners permission at a public mill or to attend church. Section 10: If a white person, free Negro, Mulatto or Indian was found in the company with slaves at an unlawful meeting, or shall harbor or entertain another slave without the consent of their owner, they had to pay 15 shillings for every offense and receive 20 lashes. Section 11: Justices of the peace who learned of unlawful meetings had 10 days to issue a warrant for the person or persons illegally assembled or he had to pay a fine of 50 shillings for the failure. Section 12: No person could buy, sell or receive of, to or from any slave any coin of commodity without the permission of the owner. If they did, the offender was to pay 4 times the value of the transaction, and could be taken to prison. Section 13: If any Negro, Mulatto or Indian, bond or free, lifted his hand in opposition to any person not a Negro, Mulatto or Indian, he was to receive 30 lashes. Section 14: It was noted that many slave owners, in consideration of stipulated wages to be paid by such slaves, had licensed them to go at large to trade as freemen, thus this section dealt with the prevention of this practice. After the enactment of the above law, if the owner issued license for a slave to go away and trade as a free man, the owner paid 10 pounds penalty. Section 18: If a death penalty had been passed against an offender, there was 30 days between the time of passing judgment and the execution day unless it was a conspiracy, insurrection or rebellion. Section 20: A slave found giving false evidence in a trial "not being Christians" was denied further trial and received no more than 39 lashes. Section 24: It was the duty of the court of quarter sessions to determine the death penalty and the slave had to be 'valued' before the hanging. Section 25: No slave could be imported into Kentucky from any foreign country under the penalty of $300. Section 27: Slaves could be emancipated by the will of the owner (with the proper witnesses), by order of the owner because of the slave's age or health. The slave was given a certificate of emancipation which he carried with him and was treated equally with those born free. Section 28: Slaves were considered on the same level as real estate and could be left in a will according to the "law of descents." Section 31: No person selling a slave other than by gift, marriage settlement, deed of trust or mortgage, was obliged to cause the sale or alienation to be recorded. Section 34: When a slave or slaves were conveyed or bequeathed to a feme covert (wife), the right and property and interest in the slave or slaves was vested in their husbands. If bequeathed to a feme sole (single girl), it was vested to her and then to her husband if she married. Section 35: An infant above the age of 18 years, could in his or her will, dispose of slaves they were possessed of. Section 39: Dealt with the wife's dower in the estate of her deceased husband. Section 40: When one or more slaves descend from a person dying intestate and an equal division could not be made, it was legal for the court of chancery to direct the sale of the salves with themonies receive to be distributed to the heirs. There were a few additions, deletions and corrections made to the above laws - one law passed on 26 November 1801 stated that any slave brought into Kentucky for merchandize, or which passed through the state by land or water, headed for the Spanish dominions or the Mississippi Territory, or to any other state of country who committed felony, would be tried and executed as if they were residents of Kentucky. 16 December 1802 stated that any person, either the owner or hirer of a slave, who permitted his slave to go at large and hire out for himself faced a penalty of 10 pounds per offence. 22 December 1802 stated that only free persons were to be confined in a penitentiary. If a slave was convicted of murder, arson, rape of a white woman, robbery or burglary … they were to be put to death. Other offenses resulted in a public shipping up to 39 stripes. 8 February 1815 added many other regulations including that people bringing into the State had to make oath that they were not brought in with the intent of selling them. 10 February 1819 added that a slave who shot at or wounded a white person with the intent of killing same was to be charged with felony and put to death. Lastly, the State referred back to the 1785 Virginia law in defining colors: If a persons grandfather or grandmother was a Negro, although the rest of the ancestors were white, shall be deemed a Mulatto. Also any person to had 1/4th part or more of Negro blood was considered a Mulatto. © Copyright 21 May 1998, Sandra K. Gorin, All Rights Reserved. sgorin@glasgow-ky.com Sandi Gorin - 205 Clements Ave., Glasgow, KY 42141-3409 (502)651-9114 or sgorin@glasgow-ky.com - Kentucky Colonel PUBLISHING: http://members.tripod.com/~GorinS/index.html KYRESEARCH: http://cgi.rootsweb.com/~genbbs/genbbs.cgi/USA/Ky/Tips KYBIOS: http://cgi.rootsweb.com/~genbbs/genbbs.cgi/USA/Ky/Bios BARREN CO OBITUARIES: http://cgi.rootsweb.com/~genbbs/genbbs.cgi/USA/Ky/BarrenObits

TIP #149 GUARDIANS & WARDS, ALIMONY AND POOR WIDOWS The laws covering guardians and their wards were based on an act of 1797 and parts of a Virginia law. When it came to orphans, the county court had full jurisdiction to appoint guardians whenever they thought it necessary. They could also commit the orphan's estate to themselves with security. The special rules were as follows: 1. Any father, even if he was not yet 21 years of age, could, by will or deed grant the custody and tuition of his unmarried child (even if not yet born) during any part of that child's infancy to whoever he chose. 2. The county court in their jurisdiction was to have power, from time to time, to control these named guardians and to require surety of them. They investigated any matters of neglect, mismanagement or any other matter that would affect the child. They could name another guardian in any of the above difficulties. 3. The guardian had to deliver to the court an inventory, sworn to under oath, of the estate that they have received in the name of their ward and it was to be recorded in a separate book. Once a year, the guardian had to appear in court (in August primarily) and give account of the produce of the estate, any sales and disposition of produce (crops) and disbursements. These were audited by the court. Their findings were noted in the book. If the court felt that the guardian was failing in his responsibilities, they could require the guardian to give additional security. If the guardian refused to deliver an inventory and accounting, he could be replaced after the issuance of a summons by the sheriff. 4. If the disbursements of the guardian exceeded the profits of the estate in any year, the balance, after taking out the court costs, could be put out to interest for the benefit of the ward. 5. The estate of a guardian, if not under a lien, would, after his death, be liable for whatsoever might be due from him on account of his guardianship before any other debt could be paid. If there was an instance when the claim of an infant ward interfered with the claims of other persons, it was lawful for the guardian of the infant to settle each dispute with the proprietor of the interfering claims by arbitration of the laws in effect. 6. Poor orphans, i.e., those without an estate, or an insufficient estate for maintenance of their lives, shall, by order of the court be bound out or apprenticed until the age of 21 for a boy or 16 for a girl. They were bound to a suitable master or mistress who was required to teach that orphan apprentice an art, trade or business, to be taught reading and writing (and arithmetic for a boy), the Rule of Three, to pay him or her 3 pounds and 10 shillings upon the completion of the apprenticeship; and to be provided with a new suit of clothes at the same time. 7. Guardians were allowed to bind out their wards with the permission of the court. The same principles applied as to education, housing and final payments. 8. When a person under the age of 21 was found to be of unsound mind, or should be found seized of land, tenements or hereditaments in trust, the guardian was to be appointed by the high court of chancery and a hearing was held. After the hearing, the court could execute any deed or other acts in which they became the trustee as if the individual was of sound mind. ALIMONY: Yes, alimony was required as early as 1800. An act passed December 20, 1800 was put in force three months later with the following stipulations: 1. Any court of quarter sessions or district court could receive applications from wives against their husbands for alimony under the following qualifications: a. If the husband abandoned his wife for one year successively b. If the husband lived in open & avowed adultery with another woman for 6 months c. If the husband was cruel, inhuman and barbarous. 2. The application from the wife was exhibited as a bill in chancery and it laid out the cause why alimony was being sought. A hearing was held and a jury was empanneled to investigate the facts. The court then would rule on the matter and if found to be in the wife's favor, the court would decree to the complainant alimony out of the defendant's estate. 3. Alimony would NOT be paid the woman if she was living in known adultery. 4. After the decree for alimony was issued, all power of the husband over the wife was to cease. She had full power of the alimony and could use it to buy property as if she was a feme sole - a single woman. 5. If the husband was found to be about to leave the state, or if it was thought he was attempting to defraud the court or the woman, the court had the jurisdiction to grants writs or injunctions in order to get the alimony. 6. No sum of money was set by law as alimony; this appears to have been decided individually. POOR WIDOWS: Chapter CXLIX of the Kentucky State Statutes covers an act for Poor Widows and was passed at the December 21st session, 1820. It reads: "Any widow in this state, who shall make satisfactory proof to the county or circuit court of the county wherein she or they may reside, that she has not estate in her own right to the value of one hundred dollars; which fact shall be proved in open court, by the testimony of two or more credible witnesses; which application and evidence shall be entered of record in said court, and upon the applicant procuring a certified copy from the clerk of said court, and upon the same being produced to the auditor of public accounts, he shall issue his warrant to the treasurer for one hundred acres of land, and the treasurer shall give his quietus for the same; and the same being produced to the register of the land-office, he shall issue a land warrant for one hundred acres of land, in favour of the applicant, without fee for the same; which warrant shall and may be located on any waste and unappropriated land in this state, except the land west of the Tennessee river and south of Walker's line, upon which patents shall issue as in other cases." It continues in Section 2: "The land obtained by the provisions of this act, shall not be liable to sale by execution, nor shall it be subject to tenancy by the courtesy; but the same shall vest in the widow who acquires the title, for her life, with remainder to her children, if she have any; and if she have none, then the land shall revert to the commonwealth; And the land aforesaid shall not be alienable during the life of the person who obtains the patent." © Copyright 14 May 1998, Sandra K. Gorin, All rights reserved. sgorin@glasgow-ky.com Sandi Gorin - 205 Clements Ave., Glasgow, KY 42141-3409 (502)651-9114 or sgorin@glasgow-ky.com - Kentucky Colonel PUBLISHING: http://members.tripod.com/~GorinS/index.html KYRESEARCH: http://cgi.rootsweb.com/~genbbs/genbbs.cgi/USA/Ky/Tips KYBIOS: http://cgi.rootsweb.com/~genbbs/genbbs.cgi/USA/Ky/Bios BARREN CO OBITUARIES: http://cgi.rootsweb.com/~genbbs/genbbs.cgi/USA/Ky/ BarrenObits

TIP #148 - DEFINITIONS - Q THROUGH S I am always asked to continue the series of old definitions and I hope these help. Sandi Quadrimus: Four years old. Quadroon: 1/4th black, a child from a mulatto and a white parent. Quarter Eagle: With an eagle on one side of a gold coin, this was worth $10 or $2.50. Quarterly Court: A county court which met every three months. Replaced by the Circuit Court. Quartermaster: The officer who issued clothing and food, assigned the housing when in the field. Quarter section: 1/4th or 160 acres. Queer Customers: Itinerants such as tramps, fugitives, prostitutes, street-ministers, gamblers, etc. Quern: A simple hand mill for grinding grain. Quid Pro Quo: A consideration such as the cost paid for land, means "what for what." Quinine: Treatment for malaria or various fevers, a Peruvian bitter drug. Quinsy: Tonsillitis of the acute variety. Quit claim: "Free from claim." Quit rent: Property tax. Rack yard: Animal farmyard. Ragman: One who collected old cloth. These were resold or used in the tannery business. Raising: Building and erecting of a barn or cabin, a neighborhood event. Randy begger: Another name for a tinker. Raper: Rope maker. Raser house: Barbershop. Rate payer: Tax payer. Real property: Land or real estate which was disposed of in a will. Recognitors: A jury called. Regiment: A permanent group of soldiers, the largest group with continually serving officers. Regular preacher: A minister assigned to one church, rather than a circuit riding minister. Relay station: The stopping point on a mail route or stage coach route. Horses rested or exchanged. Relict: a widow. Husband normally deceased. Relinquishment of dower: When a wife would give up her rights to land belonging to her late husband. Remand: A case which is sent back to the court which sent it or to send a prisoner to jail after a hearing. Remitting/remittent fever: Such as malaria, fever keeps returning. Rent rolls: A list of the citizens in an area who rented rather than owned land. Replevin: To regain possession of personal property which supposedly had been illegally taken. Revenuer: A federal agent who enforced the law against "moonshiners." Revenue stamp: A stamp placed on documents showing that the tax had been paid. Reversion: To return the estate to the one who had given it after the term specified had elapsed. Revocation: Recall, withdraw, make void … used in many wills - a new will revoked the old. Rickets: a deformity found mainly in children caused by a vitamin deficiency, caused deformities. Riding chair: A cart or wagon drawn by one horse. Rood: A measurement varying from ½ to 8 yards. Root doctor: A physician using herbs for healing. Ruff tree: The roof beam on a house. Saddler: One who made and repaired saddles. Sad iron: A iron heated on a stove for pressing clothes. Sager: Lawyer Saint Hugh's bones: Tools used by a shoe maker. Saint Vitus dance: A children's disease primarily. Salted paper photos: Made using a chemical process which placed silver particles in, rather than on, paper. Salter: One who supervised a saltworks operation, or one who mined or sold salt. Saltern: A building used in the production of salt. Salt lick: The location where there is a high density of salt deposits. Sambo: A child who was 3/4ths black (child of a mulatto and a black). Sans issue: A couple who had no children. Saw mill: Any type of machine used to saw logs into lumber. Scaldhead: One afflicted with ringworm on the head. Scarlatina: Scarlet fever. School street: University. Scire facias: The renewal of a judgment after time had elapsed. Scirrhus: A cancerous tumor, hard. Scotch-Irish: Northern Ireland descendants of Scotch settlers. Screffe: Sheriff. Scrie Facias: A legally binding document based on a record requiring a person to give good reason why the records should not be enforced. "It was ordered that." Scrip: Paper certificates. These were issued in an emergency and used in lieu of money. Scrofula: TB of the glands, bones and joints. Scutter: One having diarrhea. Seat house: A large or manor house located on an estate. Security: Anything of value including money promised to ensure payment of an obligation. Self-marriage: Marrying without parental consent. Sending out: Allowing your child to be raised in another home either closer to school, to learn a trade. Senex: Old, elderly senior. Separate examination: Questioning of the married woman to be sure she understands a transaction and is not being forced to sign against her will. Sepulturae locus: Cemetery. Setting off the dower: Dividing the property when a widow is given her 1/3 dower. Settlement: Final account of an estate including receipts and expenses. Severalty: Owning property in one's own name. Shamboat: A boat moored close to shore which provided entertainment. Was moved from site to site. Shanty boat: A boat occupied by a lumberman. Sharecropper: A farmer employed by the land owner and received a portion of the crop. Sheriff's deed: Land on which taxes have not been paid was sold at public auction. The deed was Issued by the Sheriff and entered in his name. Sherry vallies: Outer pants which were heavy and worn for long horseback trips. Sine: Without. Sin eaters: Mourners at a funeral who were hired and "took upon themselves the sins of the deceased." Sine loco: Without place. Sine parole: Without issue. Sister: Referred not only to natural sisters but sometimes step-sister, half-sister, sister-in-law. Slave schedule: Census portion listing slave owners and their slaves before the Civil War. Sleeping partner: A limited business partner. Slop dealer: A store owner who handled cheap, inferior quality clothes. Soft-Shell: Normally Baptist, not as conservative as the Hard Shell. Son-in-law: Could also refer to a step-son. Spicer: A grocer. Steeple house: Church. Still house: Distillery. Suborn: By bribary, force a person to give false testimony. Subpoena duces tecum: To cause an individual to bring evidence into court needed for the case. Subscribing witness: One who signs a document as a witness. Subsister: A prisoner without money. Substitute soldier: One serving for another in the military; paid by the one who was supposed to serve. Sugarhouse or sugarshed: A pole frame of lumber nailed to 3 sides, contained a pit where sap could be reduced to sugar. Summary court: Found in southern states for slaves. Supra scriptum: "as written above". Surety: An individual who with his own free will makes himself liable for someone else's debts if the Borrower defaults. Surrogate wife: Mistress. © Copyright 12 May 1998, Sandra K. Gorin, All Rights Reserved. sgorin@glasgow-ky.com Sandi Gorin - 205 Clements Ave., Glasgow, KY 42141-3409 (502)651-9114 or sgorin@glasgow-ky.com - Kentucky Colonel PUBLISHING: http://members.tripod.com/~GorinS/index.html KYRESEARCH: http://cgi.rootsweb.com/~genbbs/genbbs.cgi/USA/Ky/Tips KYBIOS: http://cgi.rootsweb.com/~genbbs/genbbs.cgi/USA/Ky/Bios BARREN CO OBITUARIES: http://cgi.rootsweb.com/~genbbs/genbbs.cgi/USA/Ky/ BarrenObits

TIP# 147 - SURVEYORS, TAVERNS & TIPPLING HOUSES AND GAMING TABLES We're going back for this tip to the old 1822 statutes of the State of Kentucky to help determine why things were done as they were. Chapter CLXXVII of the Kentucky Statutes deals with Surveyors and had been enacted by the Legislature 27 December 1806. Here are the steps determined by law. SURVEYORS TO TAKE AN OATH: Surveyors were to be appointed by "virtue of the eighth section of the fourth article of the constitution", and had to then appears in the county court from which he had been appointed to "give assurance of fidelity to the commonwealth of Kentucky …. Shall take the oath of allegiance to the United States…" POSTING BOND: After taking the oath, he entered into bond with good and sufficient security or securities in the sum of $3,000 to ensure his faithful and due execution of the duties of his office. If the surveyor was already "in office" before the passage of this bill, he also had to post bond by the next June in the sum not exceeding $400. RECOVERING THEIR FEES: Reference was made to surveyors in an earlier law passed 18 December 1802 where the surveyor had already acted as a surveyor, to recover any fees due him. VIRGINIA LAW CITED: This was based on an "Act of Virginia passed in 1772" which stated that from the first day in June, 1773, every surveyor shall, under penalty of 5 pounds, return all his or their original or new surveys and lay down their plats by a true, not by the artificial or magnetic meridian, and were to express and declare in or on the plat and return of each survey by him or them taken or made, the true quantity or degree of the variation thereof, whether it be east or west. It was added that when any surveyor was called on to re-survey any previously surveyed lands, he had to return and certify in his platt the quantity or degree of the variation of the magnetic needle from the true meridian or suffer a penalty. TAVERNS & TIPPLING HOUSES: According to the law passed 19 Dec 1793 (Chapter CLXXIX), every person who intended to keep a tavern or house of entertainment, had to first petition the county court of his residence for opening same. The license, if approved, was valid for a period of one year, and the license had to be signed by the presiding justice of the court. No license was granted to anyone of "bad character, or who does not keep an orderly house." The owner then had to enter into bond with security in the amount of 100 pounds. [Note: Taverns during the early times were not only a place to buy liquor, but were also the precursors of hotels. Stables were provided for the horses of the travelers and food for the horses.] TAVERN RATES: These rates were set by the justices of the court at least twice a year. These included the cost of liquors, lodging, diet, stableage, provender and pasturage. The tavern owner had one month after the rates were set to obtain from the clerk of the court a fair table of the rates that had to posted prominently. If the tavern operator tried to gouge his customers by charging rates above what had been set, he had to pay 30 shillings for every offence. SELLING LIQUORS WITHOUT A LICENSE: If an individual tried to keep a tippling house or sold by retail wine, beer, brandy, cider, whiskey, rum, or any spiritious liquor from any house, booth, arbor, stall, boat or anyplace without a license, that person had to forfeit and pay 3 pounds. On a second charge, the penalty was doubled, the liquor was seized and the liquor sold by a justice for the best price he could get for it. The monies derived from the sale was transmitted to some of the overseers of the poor. BREACH OF BOND: If a tavern keeper was found guilty by a grand jury for breach of the condition of his bond, the attorney for the county ordered an execution and fine with the monies arising going to the county. The individual's bond could be later restored. The individual had the right of appeal if he felt he was unfairly charged. SELLING LIQUORS NEAR A HOUSE OF WORSHIP: No alcohol was to be sold within ½ miles of a house of worship; penalty for so doing was ten dollars and any other fines the county wished to impose. COUNTY LIST OF TAVERN OWNERS: The county clerk had to prepare a list of all the tavern keepers in his county which was turned over to the Circuit Court. SECOND SUSPENSION OF LICENSE: If a tavern keeper had his license suspended a second time by the trustees of a town or any justices, there was a one year waiting period before the tavern keeper could reapply for a license. KEEPING A TIPPLING HOUSE: I can find no difference in old definitions between a tavern and a tippling house; they appear to be interchangeable in these laws. It was required from March 1820, that anyone who kept a tavern or tippling house for the purpose of making a profit, HAD to provide accommodations for the entertainment and convenience of travelers plus the pasturing of horses and food for same or they would be fined 200 dollars fore every 3 months they were operating outside the rules. CHANGES IN RULES: Later, additional fine tunings were made to the laws which forbade selling any liquor from a booth, arbor, stall, public square, market house, race field and increasing the distance away from a church being one mile. GAMING: There were three acts of Kentucky passed on the gaming rules and Virginia acts which were kept in effect (Chapter LXXXVIII). The first covered all promises, agreements, notes, bills, bonds, judgments, mortgages or other securities given, made, granted, drawn or entered into by any person or persons or any part thereof, or any other valuable things whatsoever won, laid, or betted at cards, dice-tables, all of the above were considered null and void. The above was in reference just to gaming. In 1804 it was ordered that all Justices of the Peace who learned of (or saw personally) any "A. B. C. or E.O. table, or any kind of table, bank, wheel, machine or any contrivance used for the betting or winning of money, lands, tenements, goods or chattels, were to notify the sheriff or constable and destroy same by burning or other means the same. [An ABC Table was defined as a gambling table of unknown description. Most states, including Virginia and North Carolina forbade them.] © 7 May 1998, Sandra K. Gorin, All Rights Reserved. sgorin@glasgow-ky.com Sandi Gorin - 205 Clements Ave., Glasgow, KY 42141-3409 (502)651-9114 or sgorin@glasgow-ky.com - Kentucky Colonel PUBLISHING: http://members.tripod.com/~GorinS/index.html KYRESEARCH: http://cgi.rootsweb.com/~genbbs/genbbs.cgi/USA/Ky/Tips KYBIOS: http://cgi.rootsweb.com/~genbbs/genbbs.cgi/USA/Ky/Bios BARREN CO OBITUARIES: http://cgi.rootsweb.com/~genbbs/genbbs.cgi/USA/Ky/ BarrenObits

TIP# 146 - REVOLUTIONARY WAR SOLDIERS: HENRY, HICKMAN & HOPKINS COUNTIES HENRY CO: ADAMS, David, Pvt.; VA Militia; 25 Feb 1834; $20; age 71. ADAMS, John, Pvt., PA Line; 12 Aug 1818; 6 Jan 1819; $96; age 65. ADAMS, William, PA Line; 6 Nov 1832; $40; age 86. BEETOM, Adam, Pvt., PA Line; 30 Oct 1833; $80; age 75. BICE, Dennis, Lt., PA Line; 14 Dec 1833; $320; age 89. BISHOP, Elisha, Pvt., PA Line, 4 Jan 1834; $80; age 74. BLACKBURN, John, Lt., PA Line; 22 Mar 183; $320; age 82. BRYAN, Barich, Pvt., VA Line; 29 May 1824; 5 Sept 1823; $96, age 83. BRYANT, Thomas, Pvt., VA Line; 4 Nov 1833; $66.66; age 73. BREWER, William, Pvt., PA Line; 30 July 1834; $26.66; age 90. BUSH, Charles, Pvt; VA. Militia; 7 Feb 1834; $23.33; age 80.; age 73. COLLETT, Isaac, Pvt., VA Militia; 3 Jan 1834; $20; age 74. COON, William; Pvt. Of Cav. & Inf., VA State Troops; 7 Feb 1834; $83.33; age 74. CONINE, Andrew, Pvt., VA Militia; 11 May 1833; $40; age 73. COOPER, Jonathan, Pvt; PA Militia; 23 Sept 1833; $80; age 76. CRISWELL, David, Pvt., VA Militia; 3 Jan 1834; $26. DAVIS, Joseph 3rd, Pvt., NC Militia; 11 Apr 1834; $30. DAVIS, Samuel, Pvt., VA Militia; 27 May 1834; $80; age 78. DOGAN, Jeremiah J, Drummer, VA Line; 14 Dec 1833; $88; age 70. DOWNEY, John, Pvt., PA Militia; 18 Oct 1833; $40; age 78. DOWNEY, Thomas, Pvt., PA Line; 12 Nov 1818; 16 May 1818; $96; 70; died 5 Sept 1823. DUNAWAY, Samuel, Pvt. & Sgt., VA Militia; 1 Oct 1833; $45; age 70. DUNN, Alexander, Pvt., PA Line; $80; age 72; died 19 Apr 1833. ELLIS, Leonard, Pvt., VA Line; 10 Dec 1833; $73.33; age 80; died 22 Aug 1833. FORCE, Peter, Pvt., NC Line; 31 Jan 1834; $80; age 90. GEVEDANN, John, Pvt., VA Line; 1 Oct 1833; $50; age 78. GRIMES, Leonard, Pvt., PA Line; 8 June 1824; 30 Jan 1826; $96; age 75. GUTHERY, Willliam, Pvt., PA Line; 29 Sept 1819; 12 Aug 1818; $96; age 87; died 10 Mar 1823. HARDIN, Benjamin, Pvt., VA Line;25 Sept 1832; $40; age 81. HASKINS, Achilles, Pvt., VA Line; 3 June 1833; $68.33; age 72. HASKINS, James, Pvt. & Sgt., VA Militia; 3 June 1833; $25; age 77. HAYDEN, Benjamin, Pvt., VA Militia; 12 June 1834; $33.33; age 74. HISLE, Samuel, Pvt., VA Militia; 14 Dec 1833; $20; age 70. HOUSWORTH, Henry, Pvt., NY Militia; 4 Mar 1834; $23.33; age 70. HUGUELEY, Charles, Pvt., VA Militia; 2 Dec 1833; $20; age 73. JEFFERS, William, Draagoon; VA Dragoons; 22 Dec 1829; $100. JOHNSON, John Sr., Pvt., VA Line; 19 Oct 1832; $60; age 75. JOHNSTON, James, Pvt., VA Militia; 23 Sept 1833; $30; age 70. JOHNSTON, John 3rd, Pvt., NJ Line; 17 Sept 1819; 21 Jan 1819; $96; age 88. JOHNSTON, Joseph, Pvt., VA Line; 27 Nov 1819; 13 May 1819; $96; died 17 Mar 1820. JONES, George, Pvt., VA Militia; 30 Oct 1833; $50; age 77. KIDWELL, Jonathan, Pvt., NC Line; 1 Oct 1833; $50; age 84. KIPHART, Henry, Pvt., VA Militia; 20 Jan 1834; $20; age 73. KNIGHT, William, Pvt., NC Militia; 15 June 1834; $40; age 75. LINDSEY, John, Pvt., PA Militia; 30 Oct 1833; $60; age 75. LIST, Jacob, Pvt., NY Line; 20 Jan 1834; $30; age 74. LOGAN, James, Pvt., VA Line; 2 Dec 1833; $80; age 75. LOGAN, John, Pvt., VA Line, 2 Dec 1833; $80, age 77. MAYNARD, Richard, Pvt., VA Militia; 29 Mar 1833; $43.33; age 84. MEAD, John, Pvt., VA Line; 24 Dec 1818; 6 Nov 1818; $96; age 80. MEEK, Basil, Pvt., VA Militia; 17 Apr 1834; $40; age 93. McCARTY, Thomas, Sgt., VA Line; 1 Dec 1818; 17 July 1818; $96; age 97. McGUIRE, Joseph, Pvt., VA Militia; 29 Mar 1833; $60; age 82. MILES, John, Pvt., VA Line; 26 Dec 1818; 5 Nov 1818; $96, age 61. MINTON, John, Pvt., VA Militia; 4 Mar 1834; $20; age 73. MITCHELL, George, Pvt., VA Militia; 29 Mar 1833; $60; age 71. NEILL, Lewis, Pvt., VA Militia; 3 Nov 1832; $20; age 74. PEAKE, William, Pvt., VA Militia; 14 Mar 1834; $40; age 69. PERRY, Benjamin, no rank shown, VA Line; 30 Oct 1833; $63.33; age 81. PREWITT, Joshua, Pvt., VA Militia; 11 June 1834; age 69. READ, John, Pvt., VA Line; 14 Mar 1820; 12 Nov 1818; $96; age 65. RIDDLE, John, Pvt., NJ Militia; 11 Apr 1834; $30; age 73. RINGO, Cornelus, Pvt. & Sgt., VA Militia; 2 Dec 1833; $28.88; age 81. SCOTT, Thomas, Pvt., NC Militia; 9 Aug 1833; $40; age 81. SHELTON, Wilson, Pvt., VA Militia; 6 June 1834; $30; age 87. SHUCK, Matthew, Pvt., VA Militia; 29 Mar 1833; $20; age 74. SIDEBOTTOM, Joseph, Pvt., VA Line; 23 Dec 1818; 17 Aug 1818; $96; age 79. SIMMONS, William, Pvt., VA Militia; 25 Nov 1833; $30; age 82. SMITH, Sr., David, Pvt., VA Line; 24 Dec 1818; 10 Aug 1818; $96; age 74. SMITH, Nicholas, Pvt., VA Militia; 29 Mar 1833; $21.66; age 75. SPILLMAN, George, Pvt., VA Line; 23 Dec 1818; 10 Aug 1818; $96; age 76. SUTHERLAND, Traverse, Pvt., VA Militia; 4 Feb 1834; $30; age 89. SUTHERLAND, Walter E., Pvt., MD Militia; 4 Feb 1834; $20; age 85. SWIFT, Thomas, Pvt., VA Line; 23 Dec 1818; 15 Aug 1818; $96; age 74. VANHORNE, Samuel, Pvt., VA Line; 10 Dec 1833; $60; age 81. WALDREN, John, Pvt., Lee's Legion; 29 Sept 1819; 20 May 1818; $96; age 60. WALLER, Thomas, Pvt., SC State Troops, 20 Jan 1834; $66.66; age 73. WELLS, Littleberry, Pvt., VA Militia; 9 Aug 1833; $46.66; age 71. WILLIAMS, John, Pvt., MD Line; 11 July 1825; 18 June 1825; $96; age 86. WILLIAMS, John, Pvt., NC Line; 30 May 1832; 17 Aug 1818; $96; age 79. WOOLDRIDGE, Thomas, Pvt., VA Militia; 4 Jan 1834; $30; age 78. YOUNGER, Kanard, Pvt., VA Militia; 25 Nov 1833; $20; age 74. Total in County 1840: BELL, Thomas, 81; BLAKEMORE, John, 78; JOHNSON, Achibald, 94; MARTIN, John, 80; SHUCK, Matthias, 84; WALLACE, Joshua, 79; DORCAS, Anite, widow, 77; GOODE, Rebecca, widow, 85; JOURDAN, Mary, widow, 75; POWELL, Sarah,, widow, 83. Total: 92 HICKMAN CO: BONE, John 2nd, Pvt., SC Line; 11 May 1833; $80; age 77. BYNAM, Tapley, Pvt. Of Cavalry; SC Militia; 11 May 1833; $25; age 74. COCKRUM, William, Drummer; VA Militia; 11 Jan 1834; $88; age 71. CUNNINGHAMMM, Morrell, Pvt., VA Militia; 23 June 1834; $30; age 74. GORE, Notley, Pvt., VA Line; 13 Jan 1834; $33.33; age 81. HUEY, Lewis, Pvt., NC Line; 13 Jan 1834; $41.65; age 72. JONES, Benjamin, Pvt., SC Line; 11 Jan 1834; $66.66; age 71. JONES, William, Pvt., VA Militia; 11 May 1833; $40; age 75. MESHEW, Jesse, Pvt., SC Line; 9 Apr 1834; $80; age 78. PICKETT, Henry, Pvt., NC Militia; 13 Jan 1834; $20; age 76. SIMPSON, Jeremiah, Pvt., VA Line; 14 Dec 1827; 18 June 1827; $96; age 78. THARP, Charles, Pvt., VA State Troops; 31 Jan 1833; $44.66 Total in county, 1840: BANE, Sr., John, 84; DEPEYSTER, John, 86; VICENT, Thomas, 81 and WILLIAMS, Jacob, 75. Total for county: 16 HOPKINS CO: ASHBY, Daniel, Sr. ,Pvt., Sgt., Ensign, VA Militia; 11 Nov 1852; $110; age 75. ASHLEY, Peter, Pvt., VA Militia; 16 Nov 1832; #20; age 84. BAULDWIN, Edward, Pvt., NC Line; 15 July 1833; $40; age 67. BROWN, Charles, Pvt., VA Line; 27 Jan 1820; 9 Sept 1819; $96; age 81 BROWN, Robert, Pvt., Massachusetts Line; 5 Apr 1824; 28 Feb 1824; $96; died 20 Aug 1826. CARTER, John, Pvt., SC Militia; 6 Feb 1833; $23.33; age 86. CASTLEBERRY, William M., Pvt., GA Militia; 6 Feb 1833; $31.31; age 79. CLARK, David, Pvt. of Inf. & Cav., NC Militia; 6 Aug 1833; $53.33; age 75. DAVIS, John, Pvt., VA Line; 1 Nov 1828; 17 Oct 1828; age 82; died 13 Aug 1829. DAVIS, William, Pvt. & Sgt., NC Militia; 6 Feb 1833; $100.67; age 73. DOSSETT, Thomas, Pvt., SC Line; 29 May 1834; $20; age 76. DOWNEY, Samuell, VA Militia; 16 Nov 1832; $22.20; age 68. GRAY, Samuel, Pvt., VA Line; 13 May 1819; 14 Sept 1818; $96; age 72; died 29 May 1832. HERRIN, John, Pvt., SC Line; 16 Nov 1832; $54.44; age 88. HANKINS, John, Pvt., VA Line; 6 Feb 1833; $80; age 74. HILL, John, Pvt., NC Line; 16 Nov 1832; $76.66; age 75. LITTLEPAGE, John, Pvt., VA Line, 15 Feb 1820; 8 July 1818; $96; died 23 Mar 1820. LOGAN, James, Pvt. & Wagonmaster; NJ Line; 16 Nov 1832; $110. MAJOR, Alexander, Pvt., MD Militia; 13 May 1833; $23.33; age 79. MATTHEWS, Peter H., Fifer & Pvt., PA Line; 25 Apr 1834; $33.33; age 77. NEWTON, Robert, Pvt., NC Line; 21 Aug 1833; $38.88; age 70. PHIPPS, John, Sgt., GA Line; 9 May 1833; $120; age 87. TIMMONS, George, Pvt., VA Line; 16 Nov 1832; $40; age 79. WEEKS, David, Pvt., NC Militia; 13 May 1833; $28.55; age 74. WILSON, Josiah, Pvt., NC Militia; 16 Nov 1832; $46.45. WINSTEAD, Mandly, Pvt., NC Militia; 16Nov 1832; $30. WRIGHT, George, Pvt., VA Militia; 6 Feb 1833; $47.97 Total in County 1840: CURTIS, James, 84; GIVENS, William, 78; HERRON, James, 102; MONTGOMERY, John, 72 and WINSTEAD, Manley, 80. Total for county: 32 © Copyright 5 May 1998, Sandra K. Gorin, All Rights Reserved. sgorin@glasgow-ky.com Sandi Gorin - 205 Clements Ave., Glasgow, KY 42141-3409 (502)651-9114 or sgorin@glasgow-ky.com - Kentucky Colonel PUBLISHING: http://members.tripod.com/~GorinS/index.html KYRESEARCH: http://cgi.rootsweb.com/~genbbs/genbbs.cgi/USA/Ky/Tips KYBIOS: http://cgi.rootsweb.com/~genbbs/genbbs.cgi/USA/Ky/Bios BARREN CO OBITUARIES: http://cgi.rootsweb.com/~genbbs/genbbs.cgi/USA/Ky/ BarrenObits

TIP# 145 - RIDING THE RAILS - EARLY RAILROADS IN KENTUCKY CONTINUED: Taking a break for a few posts from the old Kentucky laws, here is our next look at the old railroads existing in Kentucky in 1874 and the depots/towns where they stopped. This list can give clues as to who our ancestors got from one place to another, the distances between depots that no longer exist and general information. Some of the depots were named for the people owning the land where the depot stood. LOUISVILLE, CINCINNATI, AND LEXINGTON RAILROAD. This was considered a short line. The mileage shown after the town listed will show the mileage from Louisville. Louisville L&N RR Junction 1 Fair Grounds 4 Gilman's 5 Woodlawn 7 Lyndon 8 Ormsby's 10 Anchorage 12 Obannon's 13 Pewee Valley, Oldham Co 16 Rhorer's 17 Baird's 18 Brownsboro 21 Buckner's 23 Lagrange 27 Lexington Junction 28 Pendleton - Henry Co, 33 Sulphur 36 Campbellsburg 40 Turner's 44 Carrollton, Carroll Co 50 Worthville 54 Eagle 58 Liberty, Gallatin Co 62 Sparta 65 Glencoe 70 Elliston, Grant Co, 75 Zion 77 Verona, Boone Co, 84 Walton 89 Bank Lick, Kenton Co 92 Independence, 97 Maurce 102 South Covington 105 Covington 107 Newport, Campbell Co,109 Cincinnati, Oh. 110 Pullman palace cars ran by this line between Louisville and NY without charge. This same railroad company ran between Louisville and Lexington along the following route: Louisville Lexington Junction, Oldham co 28 Jerico, Henry Co, 32 Smithfield 35 Eminence 40 Belleview 42 Pleasureville 44 Cropper's, Shelby Co, 46 Christianburg 49 Bagdad, 52 North Benson 56 Benson, Franklin Co, 59 Frankfort 65 Junction, Scott Co,70 Ducker's, Woodford Co, 73 Spring Station, 76 Midway, 80 Payne's or Georgetown Station, 76 Yarnallton 87 Lexington, Fayette Co, 94 Another line ran between Louisville and Shelbyville: Louisville Anchorage, Jefferson Co, 11 ½ Anchorage Junction, 12 Williamson's - no mileaage Beckly's 14 Taylor's 17 Long Run, 19 Connor's 20 ¾ Simpsonville, Shelby Co, 23 Field's 25 ½ Scott's 27 Hansbrough 30 Shelbyville 31 The ELIZABETHTOWN, LEXINGTON AND BIG SANDY RAILROAD ran between Lexington and Cattlesburg. Athens, Fayette Co, 8 Comb's Ferry 11 Pine Grove, Clark Co, 14 Winchester 18 Hedges' 27 Thomson's, Montgomery Co, 28 Mt. Sterling 34 Cattlesburg (unfinished) 127 The LOUISVILLE & NASHVILLE RAILROAD, most likely the largest, had many depot stops. Cincinnati & Lexington Junction 3 Strawberry, 5 ½ Randolph's 7 Old Deposit 9 ¼ Brooks', Bullitt Co, 13 ½ Shepherdsville 18 ½ Bardstown Junction 22 Belmont 25 LebanonJunction 29 ¾ Booth's, Hardin Co, 32 Colesburg 34 Muldrow Siding 39 Elizabethtown 42 ½ Glendale 49 ¾ Nolin 52 ½ Sonora 55 Upton 59 ¼ Bacon Creek, Hart Co, 65 ¾ Munfordville 73 Rowlett's 75 ½ Horse Cave 80 ½ Woodlawn, Barren Co, 83 ¼ Cave City, 83 ¾ Glasgow Junction 90 ½ Rocky Hill 95 ¾ Smith's Grove 100 Oakland, Warren Co, 102 Bristow,108 ¾ Bowling Green 113 ½ Memphis Junction, 118 Rich Pond 121 ¾ Woodburn 125 ½ Franklin, Simpson Co, 134 Mitchellville, Sumner Co TN, 140 ½ Richland 144 ¼ Fountain Head 146 ½ Buck Lodge 149 South Tunnell 152 Gallatin 158 ½ Pilot Knob 164 Saundersville 166 Hendersonville 170 ½ Edgefield Junction, Davidson Co TN, 175 ¼ Madison 1773/4 Nashville 185 To be continued. © Copyright 30 April 1998, Sandra K. Gorin, All Rights Reserved. sgorin@glasgow-ky.com Sandi Gorin - 205 Clements Ave., Glasgow, KY 42141-3409 (502)651-9114 or sgorin@glasgow-ky.com - Kentucky Colonel PUBLISHING: http://members.tripod.com/~GorinS/index.html KYRESEARCH: http://cgi.rootsweb.com/~genbbs/genbbs.cgi/USA/Ky/Tips KYBIOS: http://cgi.rootsweb.com/~genbbs/genbbs.cgi/USA/Ky/Bios BARREN CO OBITUARIES: http://cgi.rootsweb.com/~genbbs/genbbs.cgi/USA/Ky/ BarrenObits

TIP # 144 - THE LAW OF DESCENTS Chapter LIX on the Kentucky Statutes of 1822 was based on an Act of Virginia passed in 1785; amended in 1793, and an early Kentucky Act passed in 1796. This deals with the estates of deceased and how they were to descend by law. I'm sure all of us have wondered why so many things happened after a person died. Why was the land re-surveyed? Why were all the summons issued to relatives? Why were there court cases to distribute the estate? Why did it take so long sometimes? Why did the relatives fight? Maybe this will help! This also enforces why we hope all of our ancestors left wills - if they didn't, the process was complicated! 1. If any person had title to any real estate that they inherited, then died intestate (without will), the estate will descend and pass to the deceased's kindred, male and female in the following manner: a. To his children, or their descendants, if any there were. b. If no children, nor any descedants of said, then the estate passed to the deceased's father. c. If there was no living father, the estate passed to the deceased's mother, brothers, sisters, and their descendants. d. If there is no living father, brother, sisters or descendants of same, the estate passed to the Grandfather. e. If no living grandfather, then the estate passed to the grand mother, uncles and aunts on her side. f. If no living grandmother, uncles and aunts on the maternal side, the estate passed to the great- grandfathers or grandfather is only one is living. g. If there be no living grandfather or grandfathers, the estate passed to the great grandmothers, or grandmothers and their descendants. h. If none of the above were living, the estate passed to the nearest lineal male ancestor, or if there was none, to the nearest lineal female ancestor and their descendants. 2. It was then noted that no right in the inheritance shall accrue to anyone other than the children of the intestate unless they were capable in law to take as heirs at the time of their father's death. 3 If the intestate had no children, father, mother, brothers, sisters and their descendants, the inheritance was directed to the paternal and maternal kindred; but if they did not exist on one side, it went to the other side. If there were no kindred on either side, the whole went to the wife or the husband of the intestate. If the wife or husband was dead, then it pass to his or her kindred. 4 In the instance where the inheritance is passed to the ascending and collateral kindred of the deceased, if part of the collaterals are whole-blood and part half-blood, those of the half-blood were to inherit only half as much as the whole-blood. But if all were half-blood, then would have whole portions only giving to the ascedants if there be any double portion. 5 If the children of the intestate or the mother, brothers, sisters, his grandmother, uncles, aunts, or any Female lineal ancestors were living, with the children of the deceased ancestors, male and females, They were to take per capita (that is to say, by persons); and where a part of them were dead, and part of them were living, the issue of the dead had right in partition. This issue shall take per stirpes,, or by stocks (i.e., the share of their deceased parent). 6 When there were child of the intestate, or their issue, had received from the intestate in his lifetime any Real estate as an advancement, they could chose to come into partition with the other parceneres, such advancement then being brought into what was called hotch-pot with the estate descended. 7 When making the title by descent, it was no bar to a demandant that any ancestor through which he/ she derives descent from the intestate, is or has been an alien. Bastards were capable of inheriting or transmitting inheritance on the part of their mother as if they had been legally born. 8 If a man had by a woman one or more bastard children, then married the mother, and if the child or children were recognized by him they were legimitized. If he did not recognize them, they were not. A special section, Number 2, dealt with an old Virginia law passed in 1790 and dealt with the lands. 1 When lands descended from a person dying intestate to two or more heirs, any one of whom was an Infant, femme covert, non compos mentis, and the dividend of each heir did not exceed thirty pounds it was, if the court so ruled, lawful for the high court of chancery, or the county court, to direct the sale of the lands or a large portion of them, and the distribution of the money arising from the sale to go to the heirs. But, this was providing that each heir resided within the commonwealth and had been duly summoned to show cause against such a sale. If an heir lived outside of the commonwealth, the court prepared an order for publication which had to be advertised for eight consecutive weeks (in Virginia) - this was considered the equivalent of a summons. 2 If one or more slaves descended from the intestate and an equal division could not be made, it was lawful for the high court of chancery or county court to direct the sale of the slave(s) and the money distributed to the claimants. Each claimant was given power to show cause why this should not be done. 3 If an infant heir died later without heir and had title to any real estate of inheritance by purchase or Descent from the father, the mother the infant could not succeed or enjoy the same, or any part of it, if there be any living brother or sister of the infant, or any brother or sister of the father, or any lineal descendant of either of them. 4 If an infant heir died without issue who had no title to any real estate as above from the mother, the father likewise could not succeed or enjoy the same, under the same regulations as above. I hope this has helped a little and help explain the divisions of estates, the distributions of monies and lands, the court cases, having the land re-surveyed or processioned … now it might all make sense! Happy hunting. (c) Copyright 28 April 1998, Sandra K. Gorin, All Rights Reserved. Sandi Gorin - 205 Clements Ave., Glasgow, KY 42141-3409 (502)651-9114 or sgorin@glasgow-ky.com - Kentucky Colonel PUBLISHING: http://members.tripod.com/~GorinS/index.html KYRESEARCH: http://cgi.rootsweb.com/~usgwqury/Ky/Tips/index.cgi KYBIOS: http://cgi.rootsweb.com/~usgwqury/Ky/Bios/index.cgi BARREN CO OBITUARIES: http://cgi.rootsweb.com/~usgwqury/Ky/BarrenObits/index.cgi

Adjutant General's Responsibilities: He had to keep his office in the state house and maintain a fair record of all orders and communications. He received the annual reports from brigade majors and division inspectors. By the 10th of December or before he laid before the commander in chief a general return of the strength in numbers of the militia. He furnished blank printed forms of annual returns to the divisions, brigades, regiments, battalions and companies before the 1st of April each year. He was paid $150 a year. Quartermaster-general duties: His office was also in the state capitol and keep records of orders and communication from the commander in chief of the state. He had to obey all orders, collect and keep safely all arms and military stores belonging to the state, issue blank printed forms of estimates, annually on or before April 1st to the division, brigade and regimental quartermasters. He was paid $150. Per annum. Staff Officers: Aids de camp carried out and executed the orders of their generals; division inspectors executed the orders of their generals and adjutant generals; regimental quartermasters, orders of their commandants of regiments, quartermasters of brigades, adjutants and sergeant majors. Brigade Majors: They were to tend the several battalion and regimental musters, to superintend and correct the exercise, to receive from the adjutants and commandants of regiments the annual returns of the militia, to make out three fair brigade returns on or before the 10th of September each year, make out muster rolls and transmit these to the adjudant general's office. COURT MARTIALS: Judge advocates and provost marshalls were to be appointed to the several martial courts and it was their duty to take and keep safely, a true statement of the proceedings, pleas, evidence or defense. A copy of this was delivered to the governor. Neglect of duty: Neglect of duty, disobedience of orders, disorderly and ungentlemanly behavior. Court martials for neglect of duty were be ordered by the Governor, a major general presided and 12 additional members were chosen, 2 of whom at least, had to be brigadier generals and the others field officers. Division court martials were to be appointed by a major general with a brigadier general presided, with the same requirements as above. Brigade court martials were appointed by the brigadier generals - a colonel presided, 12 additional members, two of whom had to be field officers and the others captains. Regimental Court martials were appointed by commandants of regiments, a major presided, two of the 12 had to be captains. Normally, court martials were never tried below the grade of a general officer or the adjutant and quartermaster general; in division courts martial none were tried below a field officer or division staff; in a brigade court martial the field officers and brigade staff may be tried, or a captain for good cause; in regimental courts - all officers below the grade of a field officer and regimental staff officers could be tried. All of those involved had to swear an oath that to the best of their abilities, they would faithfully execute the office of …..(rank). This section itself is many, many pages long with each oath shown. A Captain or other officer was not bound to return any person as a delinquent when the person was ill or unable to attend. Governor's Call to service: The Governor was empowered to call into service any number of militia as he judged expedient. A tour of duty was considered to be 30 days with no man being required to serve more than 2 tours without discharge. For every 30 days they served, they received a credit for 30 days. Officers had to reside within the bounds of the division, brigade, regiment, battalion or company to which they belonged. Parents, guardians, masters or mistresses were held accountable for, and had to pay the fines of their children, wards or servants under the age of 21 provided their children resided with them. Brigade inspectors were paid $1.50 per day for their attendance at battalion and regimental musters. Over-age soldiers: Commandants of companies were allowed to discharge from military duty, any man over the age of 45 years, with proof. Soldier's residence: To be considered the place where he has his lodging. Other items: A Sergeant or non-commissioned officer could not be compelled to serve at this rank for more than one years unless they chose to do so. MUSTERS: Musters were to be held in the month of October every year, at a location picked by the commandant. Every field, staff and regimental commissioned and non-commissioned officer, private or musician had to attend. Battalion musters were to be held in May of each year. Company musters had to be held four times a year, April, June, August and September. UNIFORMS: General officers, general, division and brigade staff officers: Blue coat, pantaloons, made in the fashion of the United States dress uniform; yellow buttons, gold epaulettes, boots, spurs, a round black hat, black cockade, white plume, and a small sword or hanger. Regimental, field and staff officers: A blue coat and pantaloons, made in the fashion of the United States dress uniform, white buttons, silver epaulettes, boots, spurs, a round black hat, black cockade, white plume tipped with red, small sword or hanger. Captains and subaltern officers: Deep blue hunting shirt and pantaloons with red trimming, half boots or gaithers, a round black hat, black cockade, a red plume, small sword or hanger. Chaplains, surgeons and surgeons' mates who were Captains: one epaulette on the right shoulder. Regimental staff and subaltern officers: one epaulette on the left shoulder. PAY SCHEDULES: Adjutant of regiments: $1.50 per day for attending regimental and battalion musters. Provosts: $1.00 per day for attending courts. FINES FOR FAILURE TO PERFORM DUTIES: Major: Not more than $50, not less than $20. Brigadier Generals: $30-40. Adjutant Generals: Not exceeding $50. Quartermaster: Not exceeding $50. Commandant of a Regiment: $10 to 20 depending on neglect. Majors: $5 to $10 depending on infraction. Captains: $5 to 10. Lieutenants, Ensigns and Cornets: $4 to $5. Sergeants and Corporals: 50 cents to $4.00 Musicians: $1 to $3. Privates: For failing to appear $1 to $3. For appearing but not participating or refusing to obey orders $2 to $4. For appearing but not being armed: $50 cents unless too poor to buy arms. Aid-de-Camps: $15 per offense. Division and Brigade Staff: $15.00 Adjutants: $5.00 Paymasters: $5.00 to $100. Surgeon and Mates: $5. Quartermasters: $5.00 Sergeant Majors: $5.00 Judge Advocate $5.00 To be continued. (c) Copyright 23 April 1998, Sandra K. Gorin, All Rights Reserved. sgorin@glasgow-ky.com Sandi Gorin - 205 Clements Ave., Glasgow, KY 42141-3409 (502)651-9114 or sgorin@glasgow-ky.com - Kentucky Colonel PUBLISHING: http://members.tripod.com/~GorinS/index.html KYRESEARCH: http://cgi.rootsweb.com/~usgwqury/Ky/Tips/index.cgi KYBIOS: http://cgi.rootsweb.com/~usgwqury/Ky/Bios/index.cgi BARREN CO OBITUARIES: http://cgi.rootsweb.com/~usgwqury/Ky/BarrenObits/index.cgi

TIP #142 - BASTARDY, DIVORCES AND DOWER I'm continuing with a look at the early Kentucky laws as found in 1822. BASTARDY: According to Chapter XXVI, the Kentucky law stated that if any single woman, not a slave, gave birth to a bastard child, she was to appear before a justice of the peace and give oath in the county where the father of the child lived. If she lived in one county and he another, she had to travel to his county. She gave a detailed statement including the following: 1. That she was delivered of a bastard child 2. The date of the delivery 3. The place of delivery 4. The sex of the child 5. The name of the father The Justice of the Peace then issued a warrant to the constable, sheriff or coroner for the father's apprenhension. This was to be issued immediately and listed the charges for the issuance. When the father was found, he was to be brought before any justice of the peace in that county and post securities. He was ordered to appear at the next county court meeting for that county. The security was normally in the amount of 20 pounds for the father and 10 pounds for the security or securities. This money went to the Governor. If the father chose not to cooperate, or didn't give security, the father was committed to jail. When the father appeared before the court, he gave testimony and the court determined his guilt or innocence. If they found him guilty, he was ordered by the court to pay child support for "keeping and maintaining the child" and could charge him any sum of money. He then had to enter into bond with sufficient security to guarantee payment. If he refused or was negligent, he was sent to jail. The county then took an inventory of his property to see if he could pay. If the bastard child died after the above, the father of the child was discharged from bond after he paid what appeared to be "justly due thereon to the death of such child." There were special rules shown in Section II of this law providing for the bastard child's inheritance. It was said that the bastard child was capable of inheriting or transmitting an inheritance as if he or she had been lawfully begotten. If the father later married the mother of the bastard child, if he admitted to being the father of the bastard child, the child was no longer considered illegitimate. Any other child they had together were also considered legimitate. Some special cases were presented; one in the event that the father took off and fled the area. He was always considered subject to arrest if they ever found him. If a period of seven years had transpired and he was still not found, the child would continue to be considered a bastard (sometimes called base) child. Also, if a man fathered more children by the same woman, he was liable for payment for all. Prosecution always issued from the county of his original residence where charges were filed. NOTE: In previous tips, I have listed which counties still have the bastardy records available. DIVORCES: Chapter LX covered the rules and regulations for divorce for the Commonwealth of Kentucky. Section I includes an "Act passed January 31st, 1809", to be effective immediately. An amendment was made on Section 6 10 February 1820. The Circuit Courts were given the powers and jurisdiction to handle divorces which consisted of: In favor of the man: 1. When the wife had voluntarily left his bed and board with an intention of abandonment for a space of three years or 2. When she was found to have been living in adultery with another man or woman or 3. When she had been condemned for a felony in any court of record in the U.S. In favor of the woman: 1. When the husband had left her with the intention of abandonment for the space of two years or 2. When he abandoned her and lived in adultery with another women or women (a felony) or 3. When his treatment of her was "cruel, barbarous and inhuman as actually to endanger her life. The party desiring a divorce applied to the Circuit Court on that county in which he or she resided by a bill in equity. The party had to state the grounds for the application. If the defendant didn't then reside in the Commonwealth and the Court was satisfied by disinterested affidavit of his or her absence, they could proceed to order publication. If the defendant appeared, they made an answer. The case was set for trial. If the defendant didn't apply, a trial date was still set. If, at the hearing, there appeared to be just cause for a divorce, the court could pronounce a decree of divorce which declared that the complainant had been granted a divorce from his or her husband or wife. It is noted that this decree did not release the offending party - they were to remain subject to all the pains and penalties which the law prescribed against a marriage while a former husband or wife is still living. The court then regulated and ordered the division of the estate real and personal as they thought just. Temporary orders could also be put in effect during the time the suit was pending. DOWER: The laws governing dower of a widow goes back to 1705 and a later act of 1796 and was covered in Chapter LXI. The following considerations were made: 1. The widow of any person dying intestate [without a will], was to be endowed with one full and equal third part of her deceased husband's land, tenements and real estate; a law going back to England. 2. A widow, at the death of her husband, was to stay in the "mansion house" of her husband on the plantation where it set, rent free, until her dower was assigned. 3. If she was deforced [presumably forced out], the widow was allowed to enter a plea. If she recover by plea and those that forced her out where charged with wrongful deforcement. Those convicted of deforcement were charged the value of the whole dower that they would have received from the time of the death of her husband until the day that she recovers. 4. If the husband was impleaded for land by default, the woman, after his death who demanded her dower was to be heard in court and if it was found that her late husband lost the land which consisted of her dower, an investigation was made about all the judgements on the lands. If tenants were involved they were questioned and the tenant had to show proof that he had purchased the land from the husband. If it was found that the wife had no right to those lands, she could recover nothing. A wife was barred from dower if she had abandoned her husband and was found to have been living in adultery. If she had done this but the husband had forgiven her before his death (a reconciliation), she was allowed her dower. If the late husband had by deed or will, given her jointure of the wife in lieu of her dower which was to take affect in her own possession on his death and continuing for her natural life, she would not receive a dower also. She had the right however, to renounce the provisions of her late husband's will and demand her dower instead. A relinquishment had to be legally filed before the court. An additional amendment stated that the widow was entitled for life to her 1/3 dower after the payment of his debts. These had to be settled first with the residue being including in her 1/3rd. © Copyright 21 April 1998, Sandra K. Gorin, All Rights Reserved. sgorin@glasgow-ky.com Sandi Gorin - 205 Clements Ave., Glasgow, KY 42141-3409 (502)651-9114 or sgorin@glasgow-ky.com A Proud Kentucky Colonel Gorin Genealogical Publishing: http://members.tripod.com/~GorinS/index.html KYRESEARCH: http://cgi.rootsweb.com/~usgwqury/Ky/Tips/index.cgi KYBIOS: http://cgi.rootsweb.com/~usgwqury/Ky/Bios/index.cgi

TIP# 141 - JURIES ACTS PASSED AT THE FIRST SESSION OF THE 29TH GENERAL ASSEMBLY - 1822. This wonderful series covers some of the earliest laws of the State of Kentucky and will help the researcher decipher why our pioneer families did what they did! It has been said that Kentucky laws were based on the statutes of the State of Virginia, with modifications made as the state grew. Today, I'd like to cover a couple of the subjects and will be taking this verbatim. (Page 691-695). SECTION 1. The twelfth section of an act passed December 20th 1802, in force from the first day of May thereafter, S Litt. 41; and as much of the act passed December 17th 1796, in force from January 1st 1797, as is in force, 1 Litt. 468. SEC. 12. 1802 - Grand Juries to be summoned. The sheriffs of the several counties in which circuit courts are held, shall summon grand juries to attend to said courts, in the same manner they are now directed to summon grand jurors to attend the district and quarter session courts. SEC.11 - 1798 - Sheriff to summon grand juries to appear at court of criminal jurisdictions. The sheriff of each county where a superior court of criminal jurisdiction is appointed, to be holden, shall, before every meeting of such court, summons twenty-four of the most discreet house-keepers, residing within the limits of the jurisdiction of the said court, to appear at the succeeding court, on the first day thereof; which the said sheriff is hereby empowered to do, as well without his county as within the same; and the said twenty-four housekeepers, or any sixteen of them, shall be a grand jury, who shall be sworn to enquire of, and present all treasons, felonies, murders and other misdemeanors whatsoever, which shall have been committed or done within the limits of the jurisdiction of the said court; and if a sufficient number of said house-keepers shall not attend on the first day of the court, the sheriff shall summon from the by standing house-keepers, of the description aforesaid, a sufficient number, together with those attending, to make a jury. SEC. 23 - Grand juries to be summoned inferior courts, and how. Their qualifications, their jurisdiction and power. The sheriff of every county within which an inferior court of criminal jurisdiction shall be held, shall, before every meeting of such court, summon twenty four respectable and discreet housekeepers within his county, not being ordinary keepers , constables, surveyors of roads, or owners or occupiers of a water grist mill, to appear at such next succeeding court within his county, on the first day thereof; and the said twenty-four housekeepers, or any sixteen of them appearing, shall be a grand jury, who shall be sworn to enquire into, and present all breaches of the penal laws; but they shall present such offence and breaches only, as shall have been committed within the space of twelve months before the time of such presentment, and no longer, unless the same be otherwise directed by law. And if a sufficient number of said house keepers shall not attend on the first day of the court, the sheriff shall summon from the by standing house keepers, of the description aforesaid, a sufficient number, together with those attending, to make a jury. Notes: It appears that individuals falling into the categories specified above were not allowed to serve. Ordinary keepers would be tavern or inn owners - presumably so no one could question the soberness or propriety of such. Constables would be a county officer as would surveyors. No reason can be thought of for grist mill operators to be excluded other than they dealt with monies and produce of the county. SEC. 27 - Penalty on a grand juror for failing to attend. Every house keeper summoned to attend a grand jury as aforesaid, and failing to attend, not having a reasonable excuse, shall be fined by said courts respectively, not exceeding three pounds, unless good cause be shown to the contrary, at or before the next court. SEC. 29 - Absence &c of a grand juror, how remedied. In case of sickness, death or non attendance of any of the jurors, after he or they shall be sworn, it shall be lawful for the court to cause others to be sworn in his or their stead. SEC. 50 - Sheriff to serve on juries for the trial of causes if Penalty on persons who are summoned, failing to attend. For the trial of all causes in the several courts in this commonwealth where a jury may be necessary, the sheriff or other officer attending such court respectively, shall every day the court sits, summon a sufficient number of bystanders, qualified as in hereinafter directed, to attend the court that day, that out of them may be empannelled sufficient juries for the trial of causes depending in such courts; and if any person, so summoned, shall fail to attend the court accordingly, he shall be fined eight dollars, to the use of the commonwealth. SEC. 51 - Qualification of petit jurors in pleas of the commonwealth, and superior courts. No person shall be capable of being of a petit jury for the trial of treason, felony, or breach of the peace, misprision of treason, breach of the penal law, or any other plea of the commonwealth, or of any estate, or title in or to lands, tenements or hereditaments, in any court of record within this commonwealth, or to be a juror in any case whatsoever, depending in the superior courts of this commonwealth, unless such person be a housekeeper, and possessed of a visible estate, real or personal, of the value of twenty pounds at least. Note: This apparently prevented vagrants and non-residents from ruling on a county's citizens. SEC. 52 - In the courts of quarter sessions. No person shall be capable to be of a jury for the trial of any cause whatsoever, in any court of quarter sessions, or other inferior court, unless he be possessed of a visible estate, real or personal, of the value of ten pounds at least, and be of good demeanor. Note: The Court of Quarter Sessions later became the Circuit Court. Note that since this was considered an "inferior" court, there was no restriction to being a housekeeper. SEC. 53 - No sheriff or other officer, shall, at any time, summon or return any juror not qualified as this act directs. SEC. 54. Provided always, That no exceptions against any juror on account of his estate, shall be allowed after he is sworn. SEC. 55 - Juries de medietate lingae, may be directed by the courts respectively. SEC. 56 - Jurors knowing anything in relative to the point in issue, shall disclose the same in open court. SEC. 57 - Any juror guilty of contempt to the court, may be fined by such court in any sum not exceeding ten pounds. SEC. 58 - No sheriff shall converse with a juror but by order of the court, after the jury have retired from the bar. SEC. 59 - If any sheriff shall fail to summon a grand jury, and return a pannel of their names, as herein directed, he shall forfeit and pay, for the use of the commonwealth, thirty pounds. SEC. 60 - Penalty on jurors who take anything to give a verdict. If any juror upon any inquest whatsoever, shall take anything by himself or another, to give his verdict, and shall be thereof convicted, such juror shall not thereafter be put on any jury, and shall pay ten times as much as he shall have taken, whereof one half shall go to him who will sue for the same, and the other half to the commonwealth. SECTION II. Part of the 29th section of an act passed December 19th,, 1795, in force from the first March following, 1 Litt. 319; an act passed December 27th 1806, in force from its passage, S Litt. 402; and an act passed December 23d in 1809, in force three months after its passage, 4 Litt., 84. SEC. 29 - 1795. A justice who commits a felon, not a good juror. No justice of the peace of any court who shall have committed any person for examination to the county court, or other examining court, shall be sworn on the petit jury empannelled for the trial of such person. SEC. 1 - 1806 - Certain persons exempted from serving on juries. No transient person shall hereafter be compelled to serve as a petit juror; and each party litigant shall have the right of premptory challenge to one fourth of the jury summoned, and shall moreover possess the same privilege of challenging with cause as is not given by law. SEC. 2 - 1809 - Fines on, may be mitigated. The fiftieth section of the assembly passed in December, in the year one thousand seven hundred and ninety six, to reduce into one the several acts concerning the examination and trial of criminals, grand and petit juries, venires, and for other purposes, shall be, and the same is hereby amended, so as to authorise the courts to mitigate below eight dollars, the fine authorised by that act, to be imposed on any person who fails to attend the court as a petit juror, when summoned for that purpose. SECTION III - An act passed January 31st 1811, in force from its passage. 4 Litt. 267. SEC. 1 - Courts, power to have a grand jury summoned during term time. To order the sheriff to summon grand jury. Where the grand jury which may be summoned to attend any of the circuit courts in this commonweath, shall be discharged, and the said court at any time thereafter, during their said term, shall think it necessary to have empannelled another grand jury, they shall have power and authority to do so; and for that purpose shall enter an order on record, directing the sheriff to summon a sufficient number of qualified persons, to constitute a grand jury, to meet and attend at such time as the court shall direct; upon which said order, the sheriff shall proceed immediately to summon a grand jury, to meet at the time directed by said order of court; which said grand jury so summoned, being duly impannelled, shall have the powers, and be subject and governed by the same rules, regulations and laws, as grand juries heretofore have been; and their proceedings shall be as effectual and binding to all intents and purposes, as though done by a grand jury summoned under the law now in force. This has been rather confusing I know, but somewhere along the line in your research, you will find your ancestor's name on a grand jury list and know what qualifications he had to meet. This will give you confirmation that he lived in the county on that date, was 21 or older, owned land, wasn't a tavern keeper, officer of the law, or mill owner; that he was of good repute.. © Copyright 16 April 1998, Sandra K. Gorin, All rights reserved. sgorin@glasgow-ky.com Sandi Gorin - 205 Clements Ave., Glasgow, KY 42141-3409 (502)651-9114 or sgorin@glasgow-ky.com A Proud Kentucky Colonel Gorin Genealogical Publishing: http://members.tripod.com/~GorinS/index.html KYRESEARCH: http:/cgi.rootsweb.com/~usgwqury/Ky/Tips/index.cgi KYBIOS: http://cgi.rootsweb.com/~usgwqury/Ky/Bios/index.cgi

TIP #140 - REVOLUTIONARY WAR SOLDIERS - JEFFERSON, JESSAMINE, KENTON, KNOX, LAUREL, LAWRENCE I'm posting this one day early this week as we are going to be doing some maintenance on the system tomorrow. Thanks, Sandi (See previous posts for explanations) JEFFERSON CO: BARTLETT, John, Pvt., VA line, 8 Jan 1824; 15 Sept 1823, $96, age 84. BATEMAN, Thomas, Pvt., MD Line, 18 May 1826, 2 May 1826, $96, age 79. BIRSCOE, Henry, Pvt., MD Line, 27 Feb 1833, $20, age 72. BRECKINRIDGE, Robert, Lt., VA Line, 2 Aug 1823, $320, died 11 Sept 1833. BROCK, Henry, Pvt., VA Line, 30 Jan 1822, 10 Nov 1821, $96, age 75, died 24 Mar 1822. CONN, Samuel, Pvt., VA Militia, 17 Apr 1834, $30, age74. COOPER, Leven, Pvt., VA Line, 8 June 1819, 12 May 1818, $96, age 79. GOODWIN, Amos, Pvt., VA Line, 6 Nov 1832, $80, age 68. GRAY, George, Capt., PA Line, 10 Feb 1819, 30 Apr 1818, $96, no age given. HARDING, Vachel, Pvt, MD Line, 12 Jan 1834, $30, age 73. GRIFFIN, Reuben, Pvt., VA Line, 6 May 1820, 20 Nov 1819, $96, age 73. HITE, Abraham, Capt, 8th Regt., VA Line, 2 Aug 1828, $480. HORSELEY, James, Pvt., VA Line, 27 Nov 1821, 24 July 1821, $96, age 63. HUMFRES, John, Pvt., VA Line, 10 Feb 1819, $96, age 72, reduced to $60 under act of June 7, 1832. HUSTON, William, Pvt., VA Line, 10 Feb 1819, 13 July 1818, $96, age 78. KELLY, Thomas 2nd, Pvt., VA Line, 23 May 1822, 15 Feb 1821, $96, age 73. LEATHERMAN, Michael, PA Line, 29 June 1830, 28 June 1830, $96, age 80, died 6 July 1831. MALONEY, Robert, pvt., VA Militia, 20 June 1834, $24.16, age 78. MEREWETHER, William, Sgt. Of Cavalry, VA Line, $177.25, age 76. MERRITT, Archelaus, Pvt., VA Line, 27 Nov 1821, 13 July 1821, $96, age 64, died 30 Mar 1824. MILLER, Frederick, Pvt., NC Militia, 29 May 1833, $46.66, age 78. MURPHY, John, Pvt. Of Cavalry, VA Line, 6 May 1833, $100, age 71. McKINNEY, Thomas, Pvt., VA Line, 25 Sept 1823, 15 Mar 1823, $96, age 62, died 10 Dec 1832. NELSON, John, Musician, Lamb's Artillery, 9 Sept 1828, $104. PARKER, Thomas, Sgt., VA Militia, 25 Sept 1833, $120, age 78. PENN, Benjamin, Pvt., MD Line, 3 Apr 1820, 23 Aug 1819, $96, age 81, died 10 May 1827. PENNINGTON, James, Pvt., VA Militia, 14 Dec 1833, $47.77, age 82. PIKE, Robert, Pvt., VA Line, 7 Sept 1819, 30 July 1819, $96, age 88. PILKINTON, Larkin, Pvt., VA Militia, 21 Aug 1833, $40, age 72. POUNDS, Hezekiah, Pvt., NJ Militia, 16 Apr 1833, $33.33, age 72.. ROOKSBURY, Jacob, Pvt., GA Line, 11 Feb 1820, 8 June 1818, $96, age 60. ROSS, Nathaniel, Pvt., NY Line, 10 Feb 1819, 14 July 1818, $96, age 75, died 18 Sept 1825. STEVENSON, William, Pvt., PA Line, 8 June 1819, 9 June 1818, $96, age 78, died 16 Sept 1821. TAYLOR, Richard, Major, 11th Regt., VA Line, 29 July 1828, $600. TAYLOR, William, Major, VA Line, 6 Nov 1818, 1 May 1818, $240, age 81. TYLER, William, Pvt., VA Line, 16 Apr 1833, $80, age 78. UPTON, James, Pvt., VA Line, 17 Apr 1834, $20, age 82. WEINNARD, Philip, Pvt., MD Militia, 30 May 1833, $26.66, age 80. WELSH, James, Pvt, Sgt & Lt., PA Militia, 22 Nov 1832, $87.21, age 82. WHITE, David, Pvt., VA Line, 23 Sept 1833, $42.44, age 81. WILKENSON, Benjamin, Pvt., VA Line, 23 May 1822, 16 May 1818 $96, age 80. WILSON, Robert, Capt., PA Line, 8 June 1819, 9 May 1818, $96, no age given. WILSON, Robert, Capt, Adjutant & Major, PA line, 2 Nov 1833, $480, age 82. YEAGER, Elisha, Pvt., VA Militia, 2 Feb 1833, $20, no age given. No category for 1840. Total for county: 45 JESSAMINE CO: ADAMS, Benjamin, Pvt., VA Line, 12 Sept 1820, 4 June 1818, $96, age 85. BISWELL, John, Pvt., VA Line, 13 Feb 1819; 18 May, 1818, $96, age 64, died 7 Aug 1824. BURK, Samuel, Pvt., VA Militia, 6 Aug 1833, $60, age 75. CAMPBELL, Robert, Pvt., VA Militia, 15 Jan 1833, $36.66, age 73. CAROTHERS, James, Pvt., NC Militia, 21 Mar 1833, $80, age 79. CARROLL, John, Pvt., MD Militia, 24 May 1833, $43.33, age 80. CASSELL, Abraham, Pvt., MD Militia, 16 Aug 1833, $60, age 79. COX, John, Pvt., NC Line, 14 June 1822, 18 Feb 1822, $96, age 71. CROCKETT, Joseph, Major, 7th Regiment, VA Line, 7 Feb 1829, $600, died 7 Nov 1829. CROWDER, Sterling, Pvt., VA Militia, 11 Feb 1819, $96, age 77. Reduced to $80 by act of June 7, 1832, died 18 Jan 1834. FICKLIN, John, Pvt., VA Line, 22 Apr, 1820, 17 June 1818, $96, age 64, died 6 June 1819. GILLOCH, John, Pvt., VA Line, 1 Feb 1830; 23 Jan 1830, $96, age 81. Graves, James, Pvt., VA Militia, 17 Jan 1833, $23.33, age 74. GREEN, Robert, Pvt., VA Line, 21 Apr 1818, 6 Apr 1818, $96, age 70, died 17 May 1831. GRINDSTAFF, Jacob, Pvt., NC Militia, 29 May 1833, $20, age 68. GRINDSTAFF, Michael, Cpl., NC Line, 5 June 1820, 24 Sept 1819, $96, age 80. HAWKINS, Giles, Pvt, VA Militia, 24 Sept 1833, $20.33, age 78. IRWIN, James, Pvt., VA Line, 6 Jan 1819, 25 May 1818, $96, age 84. KING, Jeremiah, Cpl., MD Line, 13 Dec 1824, 16 Dec 1823, $96, age 75. LLOYD, William, Pvt., MD Line, 13 Dec 1824, 16 Dec 1823, $96, age 75. MARTIN, James, Pvt., VA Line, 18 May 1833, $80, age 75. McGEE, John, Pvt, NJ Militia, 2 Sept 1833, $20, age 74. MILLER, Francis, Pvt, VA Militia, 13 Apr 1834, $20, age 86. MOORE, David, Pvt., VA Line, 2 June 1820, 24 Aug 1818, $96, age 82. NETHERLAND, Benjamin Sr., Lt., GA Line, 25 Oct 1832, $320, age 79. O'NEAL, George, Pvt., VA Militia, 3 Sept 1832, $80, age 79. OVERSTREET, Henry, pvt., VA Line, 25 Apr 1833, $28.33, age 71. RICE, Samuel, Pvt., VA Militia, 28 Feb 1833, $30, age 73. RICHARDS, James, Pvt., PA Line, 5 Mar 1819, $96,age 78. ROSS, Daniel, Pvt., Massachusetts Line, 20 June 1818, 8 June 1818, $96, age79. SHARP, William, Pvt., VA Line, 11 Feb 1819, 7 Sept 1818, $96, age 70, died 23 Feb 1822. SIMPSON, Robert, Pvt of Infantry & Cavalry, NC Line $81.04, age 77. VEATCH, Jeremiah, Pvt, MD Line, 2 Dec 1833, $33.33, age 75. WILLOUGHBY, Alexander, Pvt., VA Militia, 4 Jaanuary 1834, $40, age 73. WISE, Samuel, Pvt., VA Line, 5 Mar 1819, 16 June 1818, $96, age 78, died 1 July 1821. Living in county in 1840: Daniel BRYAN, 82; Kesiah JENKINS, 78; James WALKER, 81; Mary HICKS, widow, age 80; Ann HUNTER, widow, 75; Betsy KNIGHT, widow, 77. Total for county: 42. KENTON CO: Living in county in 1840: Joseph CASEY, 78; Stephen COLLINS, 85; John DUCKER, 81; John KEEN, 81; Edward MASSEY, 95; William WORTHINGTON, 90; Nancy McGLASSON (wiow), 72. Total for county: 7 KNOX CO: BROUGHTON, Job, Pvt. Of Infantry & Cavalry, GA Militia, 9 Sept 1833, $60, age 79. CHICK, James, Pvt., VA Militia, 19 Jan 1833, $25.96, age 74. EDWARDS, Brown, Pvt., NC Line, 29 Sept 1819, 14 July 1819, $96, age 82. GARLAND, John, Pvt., NC Line, 24 Dec 1824, 23 Oct 1824, $96, age 77. HAMBLIN, Pierce Dant, Pvt., NC Line, 26 Sept 1833, $80, age 79. HAMMON, Obadiah, Pvt. Of Infantry & Cavalry, NC Line, 12 Oct 1833, $62.50, age 78. HENSON, William, Pvt., NC Line, 29 Apr 1828, 10 Jan 1828, $96, age 82. HORN, Christopher, Pvt., VA Line, 13 Jan 1824, 8 Dec 1823, age 82. HORTON, John Payton, Pvt., VA Line, 12 Oct 1833, $80, age 76. HUBBS, John, Pvt., SC Militia, 11 Apr 1834, $20, age 70. McHARGUE, William, Pvt., NC Militia, 7 Nov 1833, $40, age 89. PATTERSON, William, Pvt., VA Line, 23 Jan 1829, 18 Jan 1929, $96, age 84. WOODSON, Wade M., Pvt., NC Line, 27 Sept 1833, $24.44, age 71. Living in County 1840: Richard BALLEU, 72; Edward BROWNING, 100; Jacob COOPER, 109!; Peter HAMMONDS, 78; James MILLER, 93; Joshua MULLINS, 82. Total for county: 19. LAUREL CO: CLARK, Elijah, Pvt., MD Militia, 25 Apr 1824, $20, age 81. EVANS, John, Pvt., VA Militia, 20 June 1834, $26.66, age 79. FRENCH, James, Pvt, NY Line, 20 June 1834, $80, age 94. FORBES, John, Pvt & Sgt., NC Line, 2 Dec 1833, age 75. FREEMAN, John, Pvt., VA Militia, 25 Feb 1834, $20, age 70. SIMPSON, John, Pvt., NC Militia, 1 June 1833, $0, age 72. STANSBURY, Solomon, Pvt., NC Line, 19 Feb 1833, $36.66, age 79. Living in county 1840: John FANBUSH, 81; Titus MERSHAM, 91; John NICKS, 84; Ambrose PITMAN, 92. Total for county: 11 LAWRENCE CO. ATKINSON, David, Pvt, VA Line, 18 May 1826; 21 July 1825, $96, age 80. BATES, William, Pvt., VA Line, 18 Feb 1819, 7 July 1818, $96, age 69. BLUMER, Gilbert, Pvt., NY Militia, 14 Feb 1834, $80, age 82. BROWN, William, Pvt, VA Line, 18 Oct 1833, $80, age 87. BURGES, Edward, Pvt., VA Line, 31 Oct 1822, 15 June 1818, $96, no age shown. CASTLE, Basil, Pvt., VA Line, 28 Feb 1834, $50, age 73. COX, William, Pvt., VA Militia, 26 June 18334, $60, age 73. CRUM, Adam, Pvt., NC Line, 4 Apr 1834, age 77. DAVIS, Joseph, Pvt., VA Line, 28 Jan 1834, $40, age 70. HARDWICK, George, Pvt., VA Line, 6 June 1834, $40, age 70. LASTEY, John, Pvt., VA Line, 9 Nov 1833, $60, no age given. LEE, Samuel, Pvt., VA Militia, 12 June 1834, $30, age 71. LYON, William, Pvt., NC Line, 4 Apr 1834, $40, age 82. MARCUM, Josiah, Pvt., VA Militia, 14 Feb 1834, no money shown, age 75. MARSHAL, John, Pvt., VA Militia, 18 Apr 1834, $80, age 72. NORTON, James, Pvt., VA Militia, 6 June 1834, $40, age 74. PARKINS, George, Pvt., NC Militia, 17 June 1834, $69.10, age 80. PRATT, James, Pvt., VA Line, 20 June 1834, $26.66, age 70. SEXTON, John, Pvt., SC Militia, 4 Apr 1834, $50, age 75. WARD, James, Pvt., VA Line, 16 Apr 1834, $80, age 75. WOOTON, Silas P., Pvt, VA Line, 1 Mar 1826; 16 Jan 1826, $96, age 75. Living in county 1840: Moses HENNY, age 83. Total for county: 22 © Copyright 13 April 1998, All Rights Reserved. sgorin@glasgow-ky.com >>}}}0>> <<0{{{<< Sandi Gorin - 205 Clements Ave., Glasgow, KY 42141-3409 502-651-9114 - sgorin@glasgow-ky.com GORIN GEN PUB: http://members.tripod.com/~GorinS/index.html KYRESEARCH ON THE WEB: http://cgi.rootsweb.com/~usgwqury/Ky/Tips/index.cgi PAST KYBIOS FROM MY E-MAIL LIST: http://cgi.rootsweb.com/~usgwqury/Ky/Bios/index.cgi

TIP#139 - VENUES (CHANGE OF), VAGRANTS, WEIGHTS & MEASURES, WITNESSES AND WOLVES Doesn't that sound like an unusual combination? VENUE - CHANGE OF: >From February 3, 1815, provisions were made for a change of venue when it was felt that an accused could not obtain a fair trial in the county of residence. VAGRANTS: Watch out! Vagrants were defined in a statute passed December 15th, 1795 and defined same as an "able bodied person who is found loitering or rambling about, not having wherewithal to maintain himself by some visible property, and who doth not betake himself to labor or some honest calling to producre a livlihood; and all persons who may be found begging, and who quit their habitations, and leave wives or children, without suitable means of subsistence, whereby they suffer or become chargeable to the county; and all other idle, vagrant and dissolute persons, rambling about without any reasonable means of subsistence". I wonder if genealogists rambling through fields and forests looking for the family cemetery would be a vagrant? If these vagrants were found, a warrant was issued by a sheriff or constable and they, upon proof, would be committed to the nearest jail. They had to raise a bond of 20 pounds . The sheriff could apprentice him/her to some person of useful occupation or trade until arriving at the age of 21. If they ran away from their "master" they would be dealt with as other apprentices. But, if the vagrant was older than 21, the sheriff would hire him/her out to the highest bidder for a term not exceeding 9 months. If the vagrant had a wife or family in the county, the vagrant could be set free at the discretion of the court after entering into bond. If no one wanted to hire the vagrant, a jury was empannelled, he was given lashes upon the back not to exceed 25 under the guidance of the sheriff. If the vagrant was hired out, the money coming out from the employment would be used by the court towards paying the vagrant's debts and the balance went to the vagrant - if he had a family, all the money would be applied to help the family. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES: A standard for every measurement was set by the State by an act passed December 11, 1798. Some of the unusual or interesting measurements. By law, the governor was authorized to procure one set of weights and measures in this act with proper scales for the weights, together with the measures for one foot and one yard and the dry bushel. When the standard was set, each county was to have same and many comparisons made to be sure they were accurate. An individual or individuals were appointed in each county to keep the county standards; for their services they had a certificate and could charge 25 cents for every steelyard; 12 ½ cents for each weight or measured. Here are some the weights and measures listed: A Barrel of fish - (herring or eels) shall contain 30 gallons, fully packed. A butt of salmon shall contain 84 gallons fully packed. A wey of cheese - must contain 32 cloves, each clove weighing 7 pounds. A butt of malmsey (?) - 126 gallons. Tun of wine or oil - 252 gallons A pipe: 126 gallons A tertain - 84 gallons A hogshead - 63 gallons Rundlet - 18 ½ gallons. (Time for the dictionary!) A bushel - 8 gallons of wheat A gallon - eight pounds of wheat Pound - 12 ounces of Troy weight Ounce - 24 sterlings Sterlings - 32 corns of wheat Barrel of beer - 36 gallons Kilderkin of beer - 18 gallons Firkin of beer - 9 gallons Barrel of ale - 32 gallons Kilderkin of ale - 16 gallons Firkin of ale - 8 gallons. Are you an expert now? ON TO WITNESSES: Did you ever wonder if knowing something about those witnesses in law suits would help you find some hidden clues to your family's past? Being a witness was a very serious matter, especially in testimony taken in the Circuit Court cases. According to the Statutes of Virginia and Kentucky the following could NOT be a witness: One convicted of perjury or subornation of perjury (note that this is NOT a new term!) even thought he had been pardoner or punished. No Negro, mulatto or Indian except if they were giving testimony against another Negro, mulatto or Indian. I don't wanna testify: What happened if a witnesses failed to appear? Unless he had a good excuse, a witness failing to attend a case would be fined by the court in the sum of three pounds. He would also be liable to the action of the party for any and all damages sustained by his non-attendance. My mouth is sealed! If a witness refused to give testimony in a case - they were off to prison! He was held there until he decided to give the evidence before the court. What's in it for me? Witnesses were "privileged" from arrests in all cases except treason, felony and breach of the peace, during their time of testimony. Just try and find me! A witness was summoned by the clerk of the county, or by a commissioner, referee or suveyor and on the summons was stated their name, the court, the day they were to appear, the names of the parties in the suits. Special judicial decisions: Objections to the competency of a witness, never comes too late. If the objection to the competency be not made at the hearing of a cause, it cannot be made in the court. These are taken from an act passed February 6, 1798. NOW TO THE WOLVES!! Yes, there was even laws pertaining to wolves, or the demise of same. An act was passed January 28, 1814 which paid bounty on wolves which were quite thick in Kentucky. It stated in an abstracted form: Every person who killed a wolf was to receive one dollar for every wolf killed, not exceeding six months old; two dollars and fifty cents for older wolves. The hunter had to offer proof to a Justice of the Peace by bringing in the head of the wolf. They were reminded that they could not shoot a wolf in another state in bring it to Kentucky for payment or kill it in Kentucky and take it to another state. They also had to swear under oath as best they could, when it was killed, in what county. The Justice of the Peace then actually produced a certificate with the name of the killer, that he had killed a wolf, and the age of the wolf. The only thing that seemingly was not provided for … what did the Justice of the Peace do with the heads?? © Copyright 9 April 1998, Sandra K. Gorin, All Rights Reserved. sgorin@glasgow-ky.com >>}}}0>> <<0{{{<< Sandi Gorin - 205 Clements Ave., Glasgow, KY 42141-3409 502-651-9114 - sgorin@glasgow-ky.com GORIN GEN PUB: http://members.tripod.com/~GorinS/index.html KYRESEARCH ON THE WEB: http://cgi.rootsweb.com/~usgwqury/Ky/Tips/index.cgi PAST KYBIOS FROM MY E-MAIL LIST: http://cgi.rootsweb.com/~usgwqury/Ky/Bios/index.cgi

TIP #138 - SOUTHERN CLAIMS COMMISSION & COMMISION RELATIVE TO CAPTURED AND ABANDONED PROPERTY. I had another post ready to go out today, but found this one too good to delay. This is courtesy of Bill Utterback who runs the Jackson-Purchase list and is an extremely knowledgeable researcher and historian. Thank you Bill, and I hope you enjoy this as much as I did! "Today, I want to visit with you about the Southern Claims Commission and the Commission Relative to captured & Abandoned Property. Those of you who have been researching your families for awhile may be aware of these two resources, but I would not be surprised if many of you have not heard before of these commissions. During the Civil War, it was common for Union soldiers to ride through the states of the Confederacy and take what they needed from the residents, by force if necessary, and usually in disregard for whether the people from whom they were taking these goods were loyal to the Union or not. Even in cases in which the citizen of a Confederate state had been given a letter of protection by a Union officer, which was supposed to serve to alert any other officers commanding troops which might be about to commandeer items from that citizen that he was to be left alone, there was no guarantee that the protection letter would be respected. As a result, when the War was concluded, those citizens of the Confederate states who were loyal to the Union felt that they should be compensated for their losses. In the 1870's, the federal government responded by creating the Southern Claims Commission for those states who were actually a part of the Confederacy. The Commission was charged with looking at the claims of these citizens and making restitution where justified for the damages incurred. There were some 20,000 claims which were ultimately filed with the Southern Claims Commission. The petitioner had to prove that he was loyal to the Union, and had to be able to put some reasonable value on the property which was looted or stolen. This caused the Commission to send out agents to interview neighbors, relatives, former slaves, and others who knew the petitioner to try to determine if his claim was justified. It was not uncommon for these claims to be drawn out over many years, sometimes over several generations of a family. When that occurred, the next generations had to prove their relationships to the original petitioner, and you can imagine the wealth of genealogical information that might be present in such a claim file. Some of these files have over a thousand pages in them -just for one claim. The depositions and other materials are intact and can be fascinating to read. If you have an ancestor or a family that lived in any of the Confederate states, but were loyal to the Union, and may have suffered losses at the hands of the Union forces, there is a chance they may have filed a claim with the Southern Claims Commission. Dr. Gary B. Mills has indexed the claims of the SCC by county and state and his book, "The Southern Claims Commission" is available in most good libraries as well as for sale from the Genealogical Publishing Company. But what about the people in Kentucky, since Kentucky was a border state and not a part of the Confederacy? In border states especially, citizens also suffered losses at the hands of Union forces, who, again, took what they needed, by force when necessary. These people, also, felt that they were entitled to reimbursement for their losses if they were loyal to the Union. As a result, the Commission Relative to Captured & Abandoned Property was set up with the same basic charge as the Southern Claims Commission. This entity is of prime interest to us, because there were instances of Union abuses in the JP in KY. An example might be drawn from my own family. In 1864, a troop of Union soldiers who were coming through Calloway County, fired some shots through an upstairs window of my gg-gf Samuel Meshach Skaggs' home, and they proceeded to burn one of his barns down. He later sought - and received - some restitution from the government for his loss, by way of the Commission. In his case, the file contains only six pages, but he was fortunate enough to actually get a written statement from the Union officer commanding the troops in which the officer said that they burned down a barn "by accident". These files can be gold mines of data, especially if the claim process was drawn out over more than one generation. I recommend this avenue of research for your consideration. These records are available via microfilm or by photocopy. An inquiry should be addressed to: Record Group 56 Legislative, Judicial & Fiscal Branch National Archives & Records Service 8th & Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20408 The search request should show either the Southern Claims Commission file or the Commission Relative to Captured & Abandoned Property file, the name of the possible claimant, the state, the county, and, if you have access to Dr. Mills book and your request concerns the SCC, the file number of the claimant from his index. As I said above, there are 20,000 claims in the SCC files, and over a half million pages in the CRCAP holdings. You may or may not find a claim for your ancestor, but it is worth the effort to check into it." © Copyright 7 April 1998, Sandra K. Gorin and Bill Utterback, All Rights Reserved. >>}}}0>> <<0{{{<< Sandi Gorin - 205 Clements Ave., Glasgow, KY 42141-3409 502-651-9114 - sgorin@glasgow-ky.com GORIN GEN PUB: http://members.tripod.com/~GorinS/index.html KYRESEARCH ON THE WEB: http://cgi.rootsweb.com/~usgwqury/Ky/Tips/index.cgi PAST KYBIOS FROM MY E-MAIL LIST: http://cgi.rootsweb.com/~usgwqury/Ky/Bios/index.cgi

TIP #137 - THE KENTUCKY MILITIA - PART 1 Again, we will be looking at the old law books of Kentucky for a little better understanding of how the militia worked during the early settlement days. These were the laws of 1822. The following were exempted from military duty as it related to attending musters except to stand a draft or serve a tour of duty. In the latter case, none are exempt except ordained ministers of the Gospel. Judges of the superior and circuit courts Treasurer Auditor Attorney General Secretary of State Register of the Land Office Clerks in the Land Office Professors and tutors of public seminaries of learning Public printer Ministers of all religious societies Jailers Guards in the jails and penitentiary houses President, cashiers and clerks in the Bank of Kentucky and branches How the militia was laid out: Divisions Brigades Regiments Battalions and Companies. Of these, the divisions, brigades and regiments were laid out by the Governor for the time being and subject to change as necessary. The field officers of the regiments were authorized to form, alter or modify the boundaries of the battalions and companies within their regiments as they deemed proper with the adjutant keeping a record. Exemptions from service: All freeman in the Commonwealth had to serve except Negroes, Mulattoes and Indians; they were to be armed and disciplined for the defense of the State. Those who were conscientious objectors were not compelled to bear arms BUT they had to pay an equivalent for personnel services which was $1.00 per day for each muster. In case of an actual invasion or insurrection or war, the objectors were permitted to find an able bodied substitute. If he didn't, the captain of the detachment to whose company he belonged, was authorized and ordered to hire a substitute and the man was responsible for paying the same amount. This money was due on the day the substitute was discharged from service, or, if he was killed or died, the money was due his representatives. Failure to do so was cause for arrest for the objector until the fine was paid. Appointment of staff officers: The commanding officers of divisions appointed their aids, (division inspectors and quartermasters); brigadier generals appointed their aids (brigade majors and quartermasters); commanding officers of regiments appointed their adjutants, quartermasters, paymasters and surgeons - these were commissioned by the Governor. There was a non-commissioned staff to each regiment consisting of one sergeant major, a drum major and fife, major (appointed by the commandant). Captains of companies were to appoint their non-commissioned officers. A majority then of the field officers and captains in each regiment nominated the commissioned officers in each company - they also would be commissioned by the Governor. Governor's Role: The Governor provided for raising companies of grenadiers, light infantry, cavalry, riflemen and artillery. Major Generals: He received from the adjutant general copies of requisitions of men made by the government upon his division; made a detail on the brigade in their division, issued orders to the brigadiers, attended regimental musters in the bounds of his division (at least every 2 years). He could also attend any muster or review of his choosing. Brigadier Generals: He received from the adjutant general or brigadier general copies of requisitions on his brigade, appointed the time of regimental and battalion musters each year; visited each regiment in his brigade annually on their muster days, direct the discipline; furnished the major general with a list of days appointed by him for regimental reviews; had the power to order the officers, non-commissioned officers, musicians of two or more of regiments in his brigade to be trained together (for no less than 2 days, no more than 4 days in September). Commandants of Regiments: He received from the brigadier, copies of requisitions made on their regiments; made the detail on the several companies of the regiment; issued orders to the commandants; receive written orders of his general of brigade re times of holding regimental and battalion musters for the year; give notice of this to the commandants of battalions. He had to attend regimental and battalion musters; could attend company musters; and when vacancies occurred in his regiment, had to convent the field officers and captain of his regiment to nominate other persons. Regimental Drill: The training was to continue not less than two, not more than 4 days at the discretion of the commandant. They were to encamp on the ground, perform the duties in camp and field. Invasions and insurrections: The major general, brigadier general and commandants of regiments, when receiving notice of the above, were to immediately embody as much force as they thought needed and give expedient notice to their next superior officer and to the governor. Commandants of Battalions: He was to receive orders of the commandants of regiments, give written notice to the commandants of companies within his battalion, added the places for holding the regimental and battalion musters and the court of assessment. He had to exercise his battalions on their muster days. Commanding Officers of Companies: He received from the commandants of battalions , written notices of the days and places for regimental and battalion musters; delivered a certificate of the musters to the non-commissioned officers. From time to time he caused all persons to be notified of the muster, made a complete roster of his company including the number of men from one up to the number of men in his company and to arrange for substitutes. Available men: When a man moved into the area and within the bounds of a company, he had to produce a certificate from the captain to whose company he formerly belonged which showed the number such man held in the company. The officer then placed him next on the list preceding the man of the same number or the next number entitled to the same credit. If the man didn't produce a certificate, the officer placed him first for service, and those arriving at 18 years of age were placed next. When the marching orders were given, the captains could appoint some place in the bounds of the regiment or regiments from which their companies were detailed. A man supplying a substitute had to be an able-bodied man. Lieutenants and Ensigns: He assisted in the exercise and discipline of his companies and reported every disobedience. Officers of every grade were to be obeyed and they had to obey their superiors. In the case of absence, death or inability of an officer, the next in rank was to take command and discharge his superior's duties. If a brigadier general filed to notify the commandants of regimental and battalion musters within the time prescribed, the majors took over this responsibility. To be continued. © Copyright 2 April 1998, Sandra K. Gorin, All rights reserved. >>}}}0>> <<0{{{<< Sandi Gorin - 205 Clements Ave., Glasgow, KY 42141-3409 502-651-9114 - sgorin@glasgow-ky.com GORIN GEN PUB: http://members.tripod.com/~GorinS/index.html KYRESEARCH ON THE WEB: http://cgi.rootsweb.com/~usgwqury/Ky/Tips/index.cgi PAST KYBIOS FROM MY E-MAIL LIST: http://cgi.rootsweb.com/~usgwqury/Ky/Bios/index.cgi

TIP #136 - WILLS IN KENTUCKY I have discussed wills before, but this time I will be looking at the earliest laws of Kentucky as referenced in other posts, 1822. The original laws for the State of Kentucky were based on an act passed on the 24th of February, 1797 which went into force on the first day of March and was based on Virginia laws as shown by 1 Litt. 611. (Chapter CXC) Who may devise in a will and how: The following requirements had to be met. The individual had to be 21 years old or older, be of sound mind, not a married woman. This will explain why, in the oldest wills, there are NO wills for wives! If they met the qualifications above, the individual would devise all the "estate, right, title and interest, in possession, reversion or remainder, which he or she hath, or at the time of his or her death shall have, of, in or to lands, tenements or hereditaments, or annuities or rents, charged upon or issuing out of them…" The last will and testament had to be signed by the testator or testatrix, or by some other person in his or her presence, and by his or her directions; and moreover, if not wholly written by himself or herself, be attested by two or more competent witnesses, subscribing their names in his or her presence. (Section 1.) A widow's dower: This included lands, tenements, rents or annuities, according to the laws. (Section 2.) Devise - how revocable and provisions for the testator's dying leaving his wife ensisent. No devise made or any clause, would be revocable, except by the testator or testatrix's destroying, cancelling or obliterating the original, or causing someone else to do it. Another way was to issue a subsequent will or adding a codicil. But … every last will and testament made when the testator had no living children, wherein any child he might have, is not provided for, or mentioned, if at the time of his death he leave a child, or leave his wife ensient of a child which shall be born (pregnant), shall have no effect during the life of such after born child, and shall be void unless the child die without having been married, or before he or she shall have attained the age of 21. When a testator had a child or children born at the time and making and publishing of his last will and testament, it shall, at his death, leave a child or children, born after the making and publishing of his last will and testament, or shall leave his wife ensient, the child or children so born, or the posthumous child or children, if such child or children shall be unprovided for by settlement, and be neither provided for nor disinherited, but only pretermitted by the last will and testament, shall succeed to the same portion of the father's estate as such child or children would have been entitled to if the father had died intestate (without will). (Section 3.) Minors disposing of chattles: Anyone under the age of 18 could not dispose of his chattels by will. (Section 4.) Non-Cupative wills (Spoken death-bed): No such will could be established unless it was made in the time of the last sickness of the deceased, at his habitation, or he had been residing for at least 10 days days prior except where the deceased is taken sick from his home and dies before he returns; nor where the value exceeds ten pounds, unless is witnessed by two people that the deceased had called on to take notice or hear his will. (Section 5.) After six months had elapsed from the speaking of the will, no testimony would be received to prove such a will unless the testimony, or the substance of it, had been committed to writing within six days after making the will. (Section 6.). No will (in writing) or any devise of chattels could be revoked by a subsequent will, codicil or declaration unless it was in writing. (Section 7). Soldiers' wills: A soldier in actual duty, or a mariner or seaman at sea, was allowed to dispose of his chattels. (Section 8) Witnesses: If a person signed as a witness to a will and a bequest had been made to him in the will, the bequest shall be void,. He will be compelled to appear and give testimony on the rest of the will as if he had received no bequest. But, if the witness received anything from the will, so much of his said share shall be saved to him as shall not exceed the value of the legacy bequeathed him. (Section 9.) Power of the County Court: They had the power to hear and determine all causes, matters, suits and controversies that arose within their jurisdiction, they examined and took proof of wills and grant certificates. As an example. If a testator had a "mansion house", or place of residence … or if he didn't and he devised lands, it had to be proved in that county where the lands lie. (Section 10.) Validity of will: If a will was exhibited to be proved, the court had the jurisdiction to receive the proof, to grant a certificate of such probat(e). But, any person interested, had seven years to appear and by filing a bill in chancery, contest the validity of the will. This was tried by a jury and the verdict was final. (Section 11). Residence of witnesses: It was lawful for the court, when presented with a will for probate, if any witness attesting to the will, resided out of the commonwealth, to issue a commission or commissions, annexed to such a will and direct the presiding judge of any court of law or any notary public, mayor, chief magistrate, of any city, town, corporation of county where the witness now lived to take his statement as to the validity of his signature, the individual dying, etc. (Section 12.) Probate: Anyone named as an executor in a will, was to be given a copy of the will after it had been admitted to probate. If there were no executors named in the will, or if the executors refuse to act, the court had the power and authority to hear and determine the right of administration and grant a certificate for obtaining letters of administration with the will annexed, as if the original will had been proved in court. (Section 14.) Evidence: In all trials by jury, the certificate of the oaths of the witnesses at time of first probate were admitted as evidence. (Section 15.) Proving of Non-Cupative wills: Could not be proved within 14 days after the death of the testator, nor until his widow (if he left one) and next of kin had been summoned and given the opportunity to contest the will. (Section 16.) Widow's ability to renounce the will: If the widow was not satisfied with the terms of the will, she had up to one year to renounce the will. She had to come before the court having jurisdiction of the probate. In doing this, she then took her standard 1/3rd interest as provided by law. (Section 24.) Moving property and slaves out of state: If a widow had slaves as dower from her late husband, and moved them voluntarily out of the commonwealth without the consent of the slaves (including their increase i.e. children), the widow forfeited all claim to the slaves. (Section 25.) Husband's removing slaves: Slaves were not allowed to be removed out of the Commonwealth by the husband of a deceased wife without their consent, if so, his holding in the right of his wife's dower affected. (Section 26.) Recording of Original wills: They had to be recorded in the county clerk's office and proved except during any time they were referred to a superior court for examination. Amendments to the above: 26 November 1800 - Slaves are to be considered as real estate and shall pass by the last will and testament of persons possessed of them. 15 December 1800 - Any person 18 years old having a slave or slaves may by his or her last will and testament emancipate said slaves. 18 December 1820 - Any last will and testament containing a devise of land or estate in the Commonwealth, proved in court and admitted to record in the proper court of any state or foreign country where the testator resided - it may be lawful for person or persons interested in the lands and property to be recorded in the clerk's office of the court of appears of the state. The will must be attached or a copy. © Copyright 31 March 1998, Sandra K. Gorin, All Rights Reserved >>}}}0>> <<0{{{<< Sandi Gorin - 205 Clements Ave., Glasgow, KY 42141-3409 502-651-9114 - sgorin@glasgow-ky.com GORIN GEN PUB: http://members.tripod.com/~GorinS/index.html KYRESEARCH ON THE WEB: http://cgi.rootsweb.com/~usgwqury/Ky/Tips/index.cgi PAST KYBIOS FROM MY E-MAIL LIST: http://cgi.rootsweb.com/~usgwqury/Ky/Bios/index.cgi

TIP# 135 - LEVIES, MULATTOES & FREE NEGROES and MASTER & APPRENTICE IMPORTANT NOTICE: I announced earlier that I would be cutting back to one post a week instead of the usual Tuesday and Thursday posts. I have been receiving so much new information, that I am going to continue posting twice a week. Welcome to all our new subscribers; we have over 150 new readers to these tips and I hope that you will find something you need! You can check out the URL in my signature line to read through the past 134 posts. In upcoming posts, I am going to be dealing with great depth the marriage laws, divorce, wills - topics I have talked about before. I think you will find the information most helpful. Sandi LEVIES: Taken from the Acts Passed at the First Session of the 29th General Assembly, 1822. An act was passed on March 1st, 1797 based on Littrell's 678 (Virginia) - and was amended by an act of Kentucky February 1, 1809. Section 1 states that all male persons of the age of 21 years and upward, and all female slaves of the age of sixteen years and upward, were considered titheable and levies had to be paid on them. The County courts of each county were given the power to make exceptions because of age, infirmity or other charitable reasons, to waive this levy. The tax commissioners, under Section 2, were authorized and required, at the same period each year, to make the collection. The collectors were to arrange the information in columns in a book and select a person or persons to make settlement of the county with the State. Section 3 discusses the masters or owner of a family, or in his/her absence or non-residence, and the same was allowed to appoint an agent, attorney or overseer, who was required to list the names and numbers of all titheables belonging to that family. If they did not - they were to be fined 500 pounds of tobacco, one moiety for the use of the county, the other to the use of the informer who gave in this information. If the master or overseer failed to list all the titheables on any plantation, he was still liable of the payment of the levies. If the commissioner failed to list or falsely list information in the district of his responsibility, he was fined 1,000 pounds of tobacco. The only exception was if the overseer was at which time a list was later forwarded. Ten days after the levies had been collected and the balance due ascertained, the county deducted the sums due to the county. The County Clerks then had 10 days after the levy had been collected to collect the list of persons found chargeable and the list of sums due prepared. Section 4 covers the Sheriff or county collector's failure to account with, and satisfy the county creditors the sums levied for them on or before the first day of October, or fail to adjust and settle. Section 5 lays out the County Clerk's responsibilities if they fail to deliver to the county collector the lists or if he omitted anything. An amendment was passed December 21st 1799 as such: Section 3 made it the duty of every sheriff to collect the levies laid by the county court and made it a necessity for him to post bond with security. He was to receive a commission for the tax collecting. The Sheriff was further instructed in returning any delinquent county levies - he was ordered to collect such levies while he was still in office and make a return once a year to the county clerk that included the names of the delinquents. The court took charge of these lists and provided measures to enforce the collection of the levies due. The High Sheriff (the actual sheriff, not the deputy sheriff, sg) then had to make a "fair return" of these delinquents and insolvents (those who could not pay), recording the best information he can as to their place of abode, any collection made, etc. Another amendment was passed January 15, 1811 that covered the chance of a deficiency in the collection of the monies. MULATTOES & FREE NEGROES: This section of the Acts Passed at the First Session of the 29th General Assembly, 1822, covered the laws already on the books, with amendments as it dealt with mulattoes and free Negroes. It is stated that as of February 23, 1808, (to be in force first day of May), it shall not be lawful for any free Negro or mulatto to migrate or be brought into this state from any territory or state within the United States or elsewhere, and that if any free Negro or mulatto shall migrate or be transported to Kentucky, and remain for more than 30 days, they shall be liable for arrest. Any citizen of Kentucky who had knowledge of this happening, had the power t arrest the free Negro or mulatto and bring him/her before a justice of the peace to be dealt with. Or, the informant may apply to a Justice of the Peace to issue a warrant to cause them to be brought in. If the Justice of the Peace, upon examination of same, is of the opinion that the free Negro or mulatto has migrated or been transported to Kentucky, the Justice was required to enter into a recognizance with one or more good sureties in the sum of $500, payable to the Governor for the appearance of the individual at the next county court. If, after appearing, it is of the opinion of the court that they have migrated or been brought into the state contrary to law, the free Negro or mulatto was to entered into a recognizance with one or more good securities in the amount of $500. Then the individual as to be sold for the term of one year to the highest bidder with the winning bidder making bond also. There is also shown the old Virginia law of 1753 which Kentucky adopted which read: "Whatsoever English or other white man or woman, being free, shall intermarry with a Negro or mulatto man or woman, bond or free, shall, by judgment of the county court, be committed to prison, and there remain during the space of six months, without bail or mainprize, and shall forfeit and pay ten pounds current money of Virginia…" MASTER AND APPRENTICE: Part of an act passed March 1, 1797. This states that the county courts shall, at all times, receive any complaints of an apprentice or hired servant, if they are a citizen of the United States, against their master or mistress in which they alledged undeserved or immoderate correction, insufficient allowance of food, rainment or lodging, or want of instruction. The courts had the power, upon proving the allegations of the apprentice to remove that individual from the master or mistress. They also would hear complaints against the apprentice by the master and take necessary action. As discussed in previous tips, many times the master did abuse the child, particularly near the end of the term of apprenticeship. The master was required to provide a basic education, clothes and at the end of the apprenticeship, either money, horse and saddle or new clothes. The master, not wishing to spend the money, sometimes made life so miserable for the apprentice that the individual (usually a child) ran off. The master would then go into court and tell them that he had done the best he could, didn't understand why the child would run off, and try to get out of paying the money for clothes or other gifts. Thankfully, the court was pretty wise! © Copyright 26 March 1998, Sandra K. Gorin, All Rights Reserved. >>}}}0>> <<0{{{<< Sandi Gorin - 205 Clements Ave., Glasgow, KY 42141-3409 502-651-9114 - sgorin@glasgow-ky.com GORIN GEN PUB: http://members.tripod.com/~GorinS/index.html KYRESEARCH ON THE WEB: http://cgi.rootsweb.com/~usgwqury/Ky/Tips/index.cgi PAST KYBIOS FROM MY E-MAIL LIST: http://cgi.rootsweb.com/~usgwqury/Ky/Bios/index.cgi

A special announcement on the KYRESEARCH list which I've been operating for the last couple of yrs. I am now going to be posting just once a week with even more detailed information. Stating next, in addition to the series already in progress, I'll be covering, from the 1822 official Statutes of the State of Kentucky which will include: How infant's real estate was handled Inspections and operations of warehouses Jails and jailers - pardons, visitors, accomodations, etc. Head right claims Tellico claims Claims below the Tn River Division, partioning and processing of KY lands, Lunatics Masters and apprenticeships Masters and servants Mulattoes and free Negroes Navigation rules Non-resident lands Passways Mills Peddlars Who were the patollers? Poor houses and poor widows Religious societies Runaways Roads - how built, who maintained Riots and runaways Salt licks and salt-petre works Surveyors Taverns and tippling houses Vagrants Weights and measures - such as how many pound of pickled fish equalled a gallon! Wills Wolves and much more. If you'd like to join in on this READ-ONLY list (no queries or extra chit-chat), you are invited to join the almost 1,600 others on the list. To subscribe - send an e-mail to: KYRESEARCH-request@rootsweb.com and just say subscribe in the msg portion. Thanks! Sandi >>}}}0>> <<0{{{<< Sandi Gorin - 205 Clements Ave., Glasgow, KY 42141-3409 502-651-9114 - sgorin@glasgow-ky.com GORIN GEN PUB: http://members.tripod.com/~GorinS/index.html KYRESEARCH ON THE WEB: http://cgi.rootsweb.com/~usgwqury/Ky/Tips/index.cgi PAST KYBIOS FROM MY E-MAIL LIST: http://cgi.rootsweb.com/~usgwqury/Ky/Bios/index.cgi ------------------------------

Good morning! An extra note here. Starting this week, I am going to be posting only one tip a week instead of one on Tuesday and Thursday. Due to a heavy work schedule and working on some other projects that I hope will be of a help to the Kentucky researchers, this will be a tremendous help to me. I will continue to attempt to provide as many helpful facts and clues as possible and thanks for all of your support! Sandi TIP# 134 - A DEEPER LOOK AT KY COUNTIES IN 1847: BRECKINRIDGE THROUGH FULTON. This is a continuation from Collins' History of Kentucky. BRECKINRIDGE COUNTY: Breckinridge, lying in the western-middle part of Kentucky, is generally rolling, high, dry and finely watered. The climate is pleasant and healthy; thes oil fertile based is red clay and limestone. Sinking Creek, the North Fork of Rough Creek, Rough Creek and Clover Creek are the main waterways. The principal crops are tobacco, corn, wheat and oats. The principal towns are Hardinsburg, Cloverport, Stephensport, Hudsonville, Constantine and Jackeyburg. Cloversburg has three springs nearby - Breckinridge, Tar and White Springs. Sinking Creek sinks beneath the earth for 6 or 7 miles, reappears and flows into the Ohio River. Mr. Huston has a mill and near the creek is a large cave called Penitentiary cave which hasn't been fully explored. BULLITT COUNTY: In the north-west middle part of the state and its main stream is the Salt River. Land is fertile, surface is rolling, scenery variegated, tall beautiful hills covered with pine and laurel. Much iron and other ores found her, salt and mineral waters. Hogs, cattle and sheep are the main commerce exports, 3 woolen factories, 4 steam merchant mills, blast iron furnaces, rolling mill and forges. The main towns are Shepherdsville, Mount Washington and Pittstown. The Paroquet Springs are in this county, and many salt licks. BUTLER COUNTY: Located on the south-west part of state. It is hilly, the soil is 2nd rate but productive. Tobacco is the main staple, there are several fine mill streams and Barren River flows here. The primary towns are Morgantown, Lockport and Roduster. CALDWELL COUNTY: Located on the water of the Cumberland and Tennessee rivers. Between the Twigg and Crittenden lines, land is a beautiful plan, level and productive except between the rivers where the land is broken and poor but abounds with ore (5 iron establishments there). The portion bordering on the Trade water is undulating and has coal. Principal crops are tobacco, corn, pork and iron. Principle towns are Princeton, Fredonia and Eddyville. CALLOWAY COUNTY: South-west portion, more than half the county is level bottoms with enough timber for farming purposes. Staple products are tobacco, corn and small grain. Three towns - Murray, New Concord and Wadesboro. CAMPBELL COUNTY: Located in the north part of the state, on the Ohio River just above the Licking river, Land is river bottom, level, rich and productive with the uplands being undulating and hilly. Staple products are corn, wheat, tobacco and pork. CARROLL COUNTY: Lies on the Ohio and Kentucky Rivers. Hills along the rivers are lofty and precipitous, beyond the land is rolling and soil of good quality. Staple products are corn, small grain and Irish potatoes. Towns are Carrollton (formerly Port William) and Ghent. CARTER COUNTY: On the eastern side of the state, watered by Big and Little Sandy rivers, Tygart's creek. Land is very much broken except in the bottoms of the rivers. Stone coal and iron ore in the hills and salt in considerable quantity. Only town mentioned is Grayson the county seat. CASEY COUNTY: Lies in the middle part of the state on the head waters of the Green river and Rolling Fork of Salt river. Surface is high and broke with corn, wheat, oats and potatoes the principal productions. Town: Liberty. CHRISTIAN COUNTY: South-western part of the state, 22 miles wide and 32 miles long. The southern part has rich, fertile and level bottoms and produces tobacco, corn, wheat, rye, oats and grass. Northern portion is broken and almost mountainous, less fertile soil, finely timbered, well watered and has beds of coal and iron ore. Abounds in caves and caverns. It contains the head waters of Pond, Trade Water, Little and west fork of Red rivers. Mineral and sulphur springs abound. Products here are corn, wheat, oats and tobacco. Five towns in Christian County- Hopkinsville, Belleville, Garrettsburg, Lafayette and Oaktown. CLARK COUNTY: Situated in the middle of the state. ½ of the county is very productive, good soil; 1/4th of the county very broken but fertile and remaining is poor oak land. Principal products are hemp, cattle, horses, mules and hogs. Towns are Winchester, Kiddville, Colbyville, Schoollville and Webster. CLAY COUNTY: Lies on the south fork of the Kentucky river, hilly and mountainous. Principal crops are corn, wheat and grass. Coal is abundant, 15 furnaces in the county. Manchester the only town listed. CLINTON COUNTY: Southern part of the state with Albany the county seat. No other description. CRITTENDEN COUNTY: Western part of the state on the Ohio river. Coal abounds in this county and lead and iron ores in large quantities. Exports include coal, tobacco, corn, wheat, oats and pork. Marion the only town. CUMBERLAND COUNTY: Southern part of the state, the Cumberland river passes through northeast to southwest. Lofty beautiful scenery. Burkesville only town and county seat. DAVIESS COUNTY: Lands are level and fertile producing corn and tobacco. Hemp also cultivated here. Lands are heavily timbered with sugar trees, locust, hackberry, walnut, dogwood, beech and poplar. Towns are Owensborough, Bon Harbor, Nottsville and Yelvington. EDMONSON COUNTY: South-west middle section. Land is undulating and in some places quite hilly. Several sulphur springs, ores and much stone coal. Staple products are corn and oats. Brownsville. Mammoth Cave situated here. ESTILL COUNTY: Eastern middle, bordered on both sides by the Kentucky river. Land is broken and mountainous. Bottom land has oak, walnut, hickory, cherry and sugar trees; upland has oak and poplar, river banks pine and cedar. Iron ore and coal in great abundance. Red River Iron Works situated here. Irvine the only town. FAYETTE COUNTY: Lies in the middle portion of the state on the waters of the Kentucky and Elkhorn. 25 miles north south. Table land, a garden of Kentucky - rich and productive. Stock raising done here - horses, mules, cattle and hogs with corn and hemp grown. Lexington is county seat. FLEMING COUNTY: North-east part of the state on the Licking river. Western portion is rolling and undulating abounding in limestone, productive for grasses, hemp, corn and wheat. The eastern and north-eastern portion is mountainous with large creeks and fertile bottoms - adapted to corn, wheat, clover and tobacco with an abundance of mineral waters. Fox Springs and Phillips Springs lie here. Waterways include Licking, Fleming, Fox and Tripplett creeks. Cattle, hogs and hemp are the main products for export. Towns are Fleminigsburg, Poplar Plains, Mount Carmel, Elizaville, Hillsbrough and Sherbern. FLOYD COUNTY: Extreme eastern portion on the waters of the Big Sandy river - county is 30 miles wide and the surface is mountainous, some reaching 500 feet. Abundant in stone-coal. Principal crops are corn, wheat, oaks and flax. Exports include sheep, hogs and cattle. Prestonburg only city. FRANKLIN COUNTY: Lies on both sides of the Kentucky river with diversified land. A small portion is gently undulating, another has small streams, uneven and hilly while tall cliffs rear their heads. The staple products are wheat, corn and oats with some hemp. Lexington is the only city and county seat. FULTON COUNTY: Extreme south-west corner and lies on the Mississippi River. Land near the town of Hickman is level and fertile, while on the southwest it is broken and only tolerably fertile. In the west the land is low and undulating. Staples are corn, hay and tobacco and exports are tobacco, cotton, corn, wheat, horses, mules, cattle, hogs, sheep and turkeys. Hickman is the main city. © Copyright 24 March 1998, Sandra K. Gorin, All rights reserved. sgorin@glasgow-ky.com >>}}}0>> <<0{{{<< Sandi Gorin - 205 Clements Ave., Glasgow, KY 42141-3409 502-651-9114 - sgorin@glasgow-ky.com GORIN GEN PUB: http://members.tripod.com/~GorinS/index.html KYRESEARCH ON THE WEB: http://cgi.rootsweb.com/~usgwqury/Ky/Tips/index.cgi PAST KYBIOS FROM MY E-MAIL LIST: http://cgi.rootsweb.com/~usgwqury/Ky/Bios/index.cgi ------------------------------

TIP# 132 - KENTUCKY TOWNS - BROADHEAD THROUGH BURK HOLLOW Broadhead PO: Rockcastle Co - See Broadhead. Brock's Station: Gallatin & Owen Co. See Sparta. Broadhead: Rockcastle Co. Located at the head of Dicks River, 4 miles nw of Mount Vernon. It Originally was a drover's stagecoach stop, po established 14 May 1868, Elsworth O. Farris, pm. Originally called Stigall's Station. Named possibly for Richard Broadhead a senator From PA. Bromley: Kenton Co. 2 ½ miles from Covington which was laid out by a local pharmacist in 1848 by the name of Charles Collins. He named it for his place of birth, Bromley, England. It never has had a po. Bromley: Owen Co. On KY 35 north of where it joins US 127, 6 ½ miles north of Owenton. PO was in operation from 1881 to 1906, named for Al and Robert Bromley who lived there. Bronston: Pulaski Co. Extends along KY 790, across the lake from Burnside. Named for Nicholas Brown who estabished the PO in his store 6Feb 1882; Thomas C Brown was the First post master. Meant "Brown's Town". Brookies Crossroads: Also called Bookie Town. Woodford. See Clifton. Brooklyn: Campbell Co. See Dayton. Brooklyn: Mercer Co. ½ miles e of the junction of Woodford, Jessamine & Mercer counties, 9 miles NE of Harrodsburg. Town is gone. A man named Brook came here from VA with his 2 nephews, supposedly paddled down the KY River. Also known as Brook's Lin." Brooks: Bullitt Co. Junction of KY 1020 and 1526, ½ miles west of I65, 3 miles north of Shepherdsville. Grew up around a RR station, likely named for Joseph Brooks or Joshua W Brooks. PO established as Brook's Station, 26 Jan 1858, Thomas S Houghland was the Post master. Became Mt. Vito and Brooks in 1885. Brookside: Harlan Co. See Ages. Brooks Station PO: Bullitt Co. See Brooks. Brooksville: Bracken Co. At junction of KY 10 and 19. Known also as Woodwards Crossroads When County government moved to this location from Augusta in 1833. William & Joel Woodward were first settlers, 1800, from Gremantown. The first PO here was known as Brookville Court house, 15 Oct 1842, Joseph C Linn, post master. Spelling changed in 1900. Brookville Court House PO: Bracken Co. See Brooksville. Browder: Muhlenberg Co. Jct of US 431 and KY 70, 7 miles east of Greenville. Former coal Town and RR station. It was named for W. F. Browder from Russellville. PO established 15 June 19905, James E Reynolds post master. Browning: Warren Co. Extinct po, located on KY 1803, 7 miles W of Bowling Green. It was Named for Quinton & Daniel B. Browning who were the sons of George Strother Browning Of Logan Co. The po operated from 1902 to 1906 with only one post master, Melvin E. Porter. Browning Corner: Pendleton Co. 6 ½ miles SE of Falmouth. No record of po - used to be a large Community. Browningtown: Bullitt Co. ON KY 1604, located 6miles ese of Shepherdsville. It was named for The Browning Company. Brownsboro: Oldham Co. 1 ½ mile north of I71 and 6miles sw from LaGrange. The town Developed around a stage stop at Callahan's Tavern. It named possibly to honor John Brown, KY's first senator. PO established 26 Mar 1827, Jacob Oglesby pm. PO dis- Continued in 1908. Brownsboro Station PO: Oldham Co. See Glenarm. Brownsboro Village: Jefferson Co. Between the Louisville city limits and Bellewood and Druid Hills. Established 1955. No post office. Browns Crossroads: Clinton Co. PO is closed, it was originally at the junction of the old Burkesville Road and KY 639, 2 miles wnw of Albany. A store was established on 15 July 1869 by Francis M. Brown. Moved 1 mile nw up the Burkesville Road. Browns Grove: Calloway Co. No po, was located on KY 893 near the head of Mayfield Creek which Is about 8 miles e of Murray. James A Brown had a store here before 1893 and the po Was located there on 21 July 1893. Brown's Landing: McLean Co. See Livermore. Brown's Lock: Warren Co. See Greencastle. Brownsville: Edmonson Co. County seaat, po established 23 May 1826, Jesse Crump was the Post master. Town liked named for Jacob Brown, commanding general of the USA. Brownsville: Fulton Co. On KY 925, 2 miles sw of Hickman. Named for Shadrack Brown Who came here around 1845, he donated land for a cemetery here. No post office. Bruin: Ellioitt Co. The post office is located at Dickerson's garage and store, at the Junction of KY 7 and 409, 7 miles ne of Sandy Hook. Samuel Mobley established the Po 28 Dec 1869 on Bruic Creek. The creek named either for a bear killed there or for Johnny Mullin's dog, Bruin who treed the bear. Bruner's Tavern: Jefferson Co. See Jefferstown. Brush Creek PO: Green Co. See Allendale. Bryant's Station: Christian Co. See Gracey. Bryant's Store: Knox Co. On KY 1808 and Little Poplar Creek, 5 ½ miles ssw of Barbour- Ville. It was named for a pioneer family who began an early store. PO was originally begun By Minor Bryant 6 Sept 1873. Bryantsville: Garrard Co. Off US 27 and 7 miles from Lancaster. The Smith's Station thought To be established here by Rev. James Smith, 1779. Then was called Smithtown in 1836, Then to the curent name. Named for John Bryant, Revolutionary War veteran. Po was Established 17 Mar 1818 by Edmund Smith and called Burnt Tavern. Renamed to current name in 1845. Buchanan: Lawrence Co. At US 23 and KY 707 on Bear Creek. First called Canterbury For Reuben Canterbury who estalished a po here 14 Jan 1830. Benjamin Turman became Pm in 1838, he renamed the town Turman's Ferry. PO was then moved to close to Prichard, WV in 1853, in 1861 is was brought back to the original site. PO closed 1963. Buckeye: Garrard Co. 7 miles NNE of Lancaster on KY 39. Named for the tree. PO was Established 11 July 1884 by James H Letcher Jr; it closed in 1915. Buckhorn: McLean Co. See Beech Grove. Buckhorn: Perry Co. On KY 28 and Squabble Creek. PO was established 12 June 1902, Laura York was first postmistress. Supposedly, Jerry Smith was an early settler here from TN. He apparently named the Buckhorn Spring for a 4-snag buck he had killed there and Hung over the spring. Buckner: Oldham Co. Along the L&N RR & KY 146, 1 ½ miles wsw of LaGrange. It began As Buckner's Station before Jan 1867, William A Campbell first pm. Named for an early Family. Buckner's Station: Oldham Co. See Buckner. Buck's Branch PO: Floyd Co. See Martin. Bucksnort: Hancock Co. See Pellville. Bucksnort: Hardin Co. See Sonora. Buechel: Jefferson Co. Unincorporated area. May have been called Two Mile Town. John Buechel came here 25 Apr 1883, a Swiss emigrant. He established a po here and called it White Cottage. (named for a tavern he owned). Buena PO: Calloway Co. See Almo. Buena Vista: Calloway Co. See Almo. Buena Vista: Taylor Co. See Mannsville. Buffalo: LaRue Co. No longer an incorporated area, is at the jct of KY 61 and 470, 3 ½ Miles sse of Hogdenville. Settled supposedly around 1850 by the Creal family, named for A buffalo rib found lying on the bank by a local stream. PO established 16 Sept 1856 By William L. Creal, storekeeper. Buffalo: Perry Co. See Fourseam. Buffalo City: Union Co. See Sturgis. Buffalo Lick: Union Co. See Sturgis. Bugtussle: Monroe Co. On KY 87 very close to the TN state line, 10 ½ miles sw of Tompkins- Ville. Named for all the local doodlebugs found here. No post office. Bullitsburg: Boone Co. See Bullittsville. Bullitt's Lick: Bullitt Co. Near the present Bullitts Lick Church, KY 44, west of Shepherdsville. Lick was discovered by Capt Thomas Bullitt in 1773, a Virginia surveyor. Bullittsville: Boone Co. No post office exists now, is located on KY 20 and Woolper Creek, 3 Miles n of Burlington. Supposedly named for Capt. Thomas Bullitt, early explorer. PO Was established 22 Jan 1827, named for Robert Cornelius and known as Cornelius. He was the first pm. It was moved in 1848 and called Mitchellsville for Benjamin Mitchell who was then pm. Renamed to current name in 1853, closed 1918. Bullseye: Carter Co. See Gregoryville. Buncombe: Allen Co. See Maynard. Buradell's Landing: Marshall Co. See Altona. Burdick: Taylor Co. See Ireland. Burdine: Letcher Co. On US 23 and 119, 12 ½ miles ene of Whitesburg. Is a part of Jenkins But local citizens consider then separate communities. PO estalished 25 Jan 1898, and Likely named for Burdine Webb who was a mailcarrier. Burg: McCracken & Graves Co. See Melber. Burg: Morgan Co. See Wheelrim. Burgess Station: See Burnaugh. Burgin: Mercer Co. 2 ½ miles e of Harrodsburg. Temple Burgin, who was a local land- Owner, in 1874, deeded right of way to the Cincinnti Southern RR, station then Established here. Town started in 1877, po established as Bergen 24 July 1877 with B Frank Taylor, pm. Correction in spelling made 1886. Burgin Station: Mercer Co. See Burgin. Burkesville: Cumberland Co. On KY 90 and 61, first called Cumberland Crossing. Town began In 1798 on the land of Samuel Burks. PO estabished 1 Jan 1807, Christopher Brooks, pm. Also spelled Burksville. Buckhart: Wolfe Co. On KY 1904, 14 ½ miles e of Campton. PO established 16 July 1909, Named for the family of John L Buckhard, first pm. Burk Hollow: Whitley Co. See Fairview. (c) Copyright 19 March 1998, Sandra K. Gorin, All Rights Reserved, sgorin@glasgow-ky.com >>}}}0>> <<0{{{<< Sandi Gorin - 205 Clements Ave., Glasgow, KY 42141-3409 502-651-9114 - sgorin@glasgow-ky.com GORIN GEN PUB: http://members.tripod.com/~GorinS/index.html KYRESEARCH ON THE WEB: http://cgi.rootsweb.com/~usgwqury/Ky/Tips/index.cgi PAST KYBIOS FROM MY E-MAIL LIST: http://cgi.rootsweb.com/~usgwqury/Ky/Bios/index.cgi ------------------------------