My surnames in Monroe Co KY: Wheeler, Gentry, Carter, McNeese (or alternate spellings), Gum, Kirby, England Thanks, Colleen Lill

Adams,Allen, Austin, Birdwell,vBlanton, Black, Boston, Brooks, Burchett, Burchfield, Burton,. Buttler, Carver,Carter, CaSS Cassity,. Chenault, Chesnut, Climer,.Dalton, Davenport, Davis,Denkler, Dixon, Donoho, Duke,Fairchild, Franklin, Flatt, Fairchild, Green/Greene. Gregory. Harton, Hughes, Holland, Hollomon, Hollingsworth, Howell,Jackson, Jamison, Jenkins, Johnson, Kemp, Key, King, Knight, Law, ,Lawer, Lee, Long, Lowery, Massey, Marrow, McKinnis,Myers, Newberry, Norwood, Patterson, Pike, Ramsey, Reese, Robinson, Russell, Smalling, Scruggs, Sircy, Slate, Soyars Sweat, Thomas, Tomlin, Walton, Welch, White, Williams,.Young

Faces of the Fallen 2012 thus far: http://apps.washingtonpost.com/national/fallen/ We still have 60,000 American service men and women serving in Afghanistan

1860 United States Federal Census 1860 United States Federal Census Name: John Black Age in 1860: 62 Birth Year: abt 1798 Home in 1860: Monroe, Kentucky Gender: Male Post Office: Tompkinsville Value of real estate: View image<http://search.ancestry.com/iexec?htx=View&r=an&dbid=7667&iid=4231199_00191&fn=John&ln=Black&st=r&ssrc=&pid=39563543> Household Members: Name Age John Black<http://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=1860usfedcenancestry&indiv=try&h=39563543> 62 Mary Ann Black<http://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=1860usfedcenancestry&indiv=try&h=39563554> 20

1850 United States Federal Census 1850 United States Federal Census Name: John Black Age: 50 Birth Year: abt 1800 Birthplace: Kentucky Home in 1850: Monroe, Kentucky Gender: Male Family Number: 373 Household Members: Name Age George Martin<http://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=1850usfedcenancestry&indiv=try&h=17382400> 48 Mary Martin<http://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=1850usfedcenancestry&indiv=try&h=17382401> 34 Samuel Martin<http://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=1850usfedcenancestry&indiv=try&h=17382402> 13 John Martin<http://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=1850usfedcenancestry&indiv=try&h=17382403> 10 William Martin<http://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=1850usfedcenancestry&indiv=try&h=17382404> 9 Elizabeth Martin<http://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=1850usfedcenancestry&indiv=try&h=17382405> 8 Pochohantas Martin<http://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=1850usfedcenancestry&indiv=try&h=17382406> 5 Powhattan Martin<http://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=1850usfedcenancestry&indiv=try&h=17382407> 4 Florence Martin<http://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=1850usfedcenancestry&indiv=try&h=17382408> 2 John Black<http://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=1850usfedcenancestry&indiv=try&h=17382409> 50 Source Citation: Year: *1850*; Census Place: *, Monroe, Kentucky*; Roll: * M432_213*; Page: *394A*; Image: *454*. *Source Information:* Ancestry.com. *1850 United States Federal Census* [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2009. Images reproduced by FamilySearch. Original data: Seventh Census of the United States, 1850; (National Archives Microfilm Publication M432, 1009 rolls); Records of the Bureau of the Census, Record Group 29; National Archives, Washington, D.C. *Description:* This database is an index to individuals enumerated in the 1850 United States Federal Census, the Seventh Census of the United States. Census takers recorded many details including each person's name, age as of the census day, sex, color; birthplace, occupation of males over age fifteen, and more. No relationships were shown between members of a household. Additionally, the names of those listed on the population schedule are linked to actual images of the 1850 Federal Census.

Family Search adds new collections from Canada, Germany, Italy, New Zealand, Peru and the United States Search these collections and more than 3.5 billion other records for free at FamilySearch.org.

Thank you, Jeannie, for sharing this information. It has been 18 years since I visited my Daddy's grave. I again was able to visit via this database. I will share this with my very aged mother when I see her early in the week. I know she will be touched. This sent with heartfelt gratitude. Melody > Date: Tue, 11 Dec 2012 12:14:51 -0500 > From: jeannie40215@gmail.com > To: kymonroe@rootsweb.com > Subject: [KYMONROE] This is in ref to Arlington Nat'l Cemetery data base. > > This is in ref to Arlington Nat'l Cemetery data base. > > There is now a new app and an on-line data base listing all the names > of the approximately 400,000 people buried at Arlington National > Cemetery. > > For more information go to this website: Arlington National Cemetery > This is not a list member. > ------------------------------- > To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to KYMONROE-request@rootsweb.com with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message

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Historic London Charlton Cemetery Records Added to Deceased Online The following announcement was written by Deceased Online: Victorian Charlton Cemetery features thousands of military graves All records for the historically important Charlton Cemetery in the Royal Borough of Greenwich, South East London have been added to www.deceasedonline.com Opened in 1855, Charlton Cemetery includes thousands of graves associated with the military and related state institutions as it is located near the Royal Observatory, the site of the Woolwich Arsenal, the Old Royal Naval College, the National Maritime Museum and the Dreadnought's Seamen's Hospital Graves and memorials for many famous military leaders and historical figures of the British Empire are featured. These include two admirals who served with Nelson; governors of Burma, Malta and Gibraltar; and servicemen who fought in numerous (some obscure) military campaigns including the celebrated Major General Orde Wingate The data comprise: Compturerised records Grave details indicating those buried in each grave Scans of burial registers Cemetery maps indicating grave locations Some photographs of memorials and headstones There are more details about this fascinating cemetery and many others within the 'database coverage' section on www.deceasedonline.com Find out more about the cemeteries and the famous and infamous featured on Deceased Online. Read our new blog by historian and genealogist Emma Jolly. See: http://deceasedonlineblog.blogspot.co.uk/

Jamestown People to 1800 Describes Impact of "Bacon's Rebellion" and Its Aftermath on Virginia's Native Americans Martha McCartney's acclaimed Virginia Immigrants and Adventurers, 1607-1635: A Biographical Dictionary, published in 2007 to commemorate the 400th anniversary of the founding of the British Colonies in America, incorporates every fact known about the people who lived on Jamestown Island during its first generation of Anglo habitation. Mrs. McCartney's new book, Jamestown People to 1800: Landowners, Public Officials, Minorities, and Native Leaders, advances the Jamestown story with a new collection of several thousand biographical sketches of the people who lived or worked in and around the original colony for nearly two centuries. As with her earlier book, Jamestown People to 1800 includes substantial supporting historical background. For example, the Introduction describes how new Virginia counties were split off from previously existing ones, and Chapter One relates Jamestown Island's history through the early 19th century. This excellent essay furnishes context to the thousands of biographies and, in particular, corrects the notion that after the capital moved to Williamsburg, Jamestown practically became a ghost town. Not so! For more information on this book, visit the following URL: www.genealogical.com/index.php?main_page=product_info&item_number=3506. Despite the title's emphasis on Jamestown's inhabitants, the author includes sketches of individuals who came to the island off and on. Thus, researchers will encounter biographies of burgesses and other major public officials, parties who appeared before the General Court, African Americans, and Native American leaders, many of whom came to Jamestown on official business. In the following narrative from Chapter One, for example, Ms. McCartney illustrates the difficult position Virginia's tributary (friendly) Native Americans found themselves in during Bacon's Rebellion of 1676 when Jamestown officials tried to enlist their support against the warlike tribes on the Virginia frontier: Bacon's Rebellion's Impact on the Native Population In early 1676 Cockacoeske, queen of the Pamunkey Indians, was summoned to Jamestown, where high-ranking officials asked her to provide warriors to oppose hostile tribes on the frontier. After reminding council members that 20 years earlier her husband, Totopotomoy, and a hundred of his warriors had perished while assisting the English, she reluctantly agreed to provide a dozen warriors, a fraction of the number officials presumed were under her command. In August 1676 the rebel Nathaniel Bacon, eager to demonstrate his prowess as an Indian fighter, turned his wrath on a convenient target, the Pamunkeys, who in March had signed a peace agreement with the Berkeley government. Bacon and his followers pursued the Pamunkey Indians into the Middle Peninsula's Dragon Swamp and indiscriminately killed men, women , and children, took captives, and plundered the natives' goods. Bacon then set out for Jamestown, displaying his Pamunkey prisoners. After Bacon's death and a change in the colony's leadership, Cockacoeske appeared before the assembly and asked for the release of her people and restoration of their belongings. Although the burgesses were unresponsive, the king's special commissioners felt that she should be rewarded for her loyalty to the Crown, for she had honored her treaty with the Berkeley government and forbidden her warriors to fire on Bacon and his men when they attacked. The Treaty of 1677 On May 29, 1677, Virginia's governing officials executed a formal peace agreement with some of the colony's Indian tribes. At what later became the site of Williamsburg, several native leaders affixed their signature marks to the Treaty of Middle Plantation, acknowledging their allegiance to the Crown. They also conceded that their land rights were derived from the monarch. Certain tribes were placed under the queen of the Pamunkey Indian's aegis, "as anceintly they had beene." The Virginia government's obligation to protect the tributary Indians surely would have been perceived as advantageous, given the natives' diminished strength. One of the 1677 treaty's most important provisions (from the natives' perspective) was that colonists were not supposed to seat land within three miles of an Indian town. In reality, however, the natives received very little protection from land-hungry settlers. Another provision of the 1677 treaty was that the signatory tribes, like other English subjects, were entitled to receive protection from their enemies and had the right to make use of the colony's judicial system. In 1680 the treaty was expanded to include several more native groups. At the suggestion of the king's special commissioners, some of the native leaders who had signed the original 1677 treaty were singled out for recognition, but special attention was given to the Pamunkey queen, who had demonstrated her loyalty to the English. Even before an expanded version of the 1677 treaty had been signed, Virginia officials realized that some of the Indians placed under the queen of the Pamunkey Indian's rule, notably the Chickahominys and Rappahannocks, resented the attempt to force their subservience. They stubbornly refused to cooperate with her, claiming they had not agreed to such subjection when subscribing to the peace treaty. In a list of grievances Cockacoeske and her son, a youth called Captain John West, presented to the governor and his council on June 5, 1678, Cockacoeske alleged that the Chickahominys were unwilling to pay tribute, obey her orders, or live in her village. Great mutual enmity was apparent in the list of nine grievances, for the Chickahominy were accused of poisoning one of Cockacoeske's Great Men and plotting revenge on eight more, whereas the Chickahominy claimed that Cockacoeske had "cutt off soe many Chickahominy heads." The Pamunkeys ' interpreter, Cornelius Dabney, also dispatched a personal letter to Colonel Francis Morrison, which corroborated Cockacoeske's allegations against the Chickahominy. He alluded to some misunderstandings with the current governor, blaming the problems on the malice of the Chickahominy Indians' interpreter, Richard Yarborough, who, Dabney claimed, was attempting to undermine peaceful relations with the tributary Indians. Dabney said that he intended to resign as interpreter when the assembly met. He acknowledged the plight of the tributary Indians who were caught between the colonists' spreading settlement and hostile outlying tribes, and said that the "Senecas having put our Indians into a feare, dare not go so high to hunt." Some government officials claimed that the 1677 treaty created more problems than it had solved, for when tributary Indian leaders took their disagreements to court, the justices made enemies of whomever they sided against. Also, the Virginia government was obligated to protect the tributary tribes from the warlike natives above the fall line, who not only attacked frontier settlers but sometimes preyed upon the tributary tribes. To meet this need for defense, in December 1679 the assembly decided to establish garrisons at the heads of certain rivers. In 1682, however, the assembly decided to abolish this latest series of forts, opting instead to have groups of horse soldiers patrol the frontier. As late as 1699 hostile Indians from the interior of the continent posed a threat to settlers living along the fringes of the colony 's frontier. Minutes of the Council of State reveal that from time to time natives exercised their legal right to file formal complaints against settlers who trespassed, allowed their livestock to damage the Indians' crops, or committed other infractions of the law. Occasionally they also sought protection from aggressive non-tributary tribes, such as the Susquehannocks, who lived beyond the fringes of the colony's frontiers. During the early 1680s Seneca attacks on the tributary tribes increased to the point that the Virginia government had to intervene. In mid-November 1683 the Seneca reportedly descended upon the Mattaponi Indian town on the Mattaponi River and then laid siege to a Chickahominy or Rappahannock fort that was nearby. Afterward, the Mattaponi took refuge with the Pamunkey Indians, whereas the Rappahannock, whom government officials urged to unite with the Nanzattico, were taken to Portobago. However, the legal system could also work against the natives. When a group of lndian warriors descended on a frontier family's home in 1704 and several people were slain, the Nanzattico (a tributary tribe) became prime suspects. Several warriors, who were rounded up and questioned, confessed to the killings. When local justices convened as a court of oyer and terminer on October 5, 1704, all but one of the accused were convicted of murder and sentenced to death. Forty others were brought to Williamsburg, where they were tried in accord with a 1663 law that held natives accountable for wrongful actions committed by other members of their group. In May 1705 the House of Burgesses concluded that all of the male Nanzattico were guilty by association and, therefore, all males age 12 or older should be deported and sold as servants. Those under the age of 12 were to be bound out until age 24. Ultimately, almost all of the Nanzattico were transported to Antigua, where they were sold into servitude. Meanwhile, 13 Nanzattico children were distributed among the members of the Council of State. Thus, during 1705 the Nanzattico as a group essentially ceased to exist.

Should Gravestone Information Go High - Tech? Today’s gravestones options include a plaque with a quick-response matrix barcode, which allows access to a webpage with the person's biography, obituary, photos, and even video http://www.glendalenewspress.com/opinion/tn-gnp-0923-in-theory-should-gravestone-information-go-hightech,0,472632.story

The Ships That Brought the Irish to North America Between 2008 and 2010, the distinguished Canadian genealogist Terrence M. Punch compiled the four-volume Erin's Sons: Irish Arrivals in Atlantic Canada. Spanning the period 1761 to roughly 1863, Erin's Sons documents the presence of Irish emigrants in the provinces of Nova Scotia, Newfoundland, and the rest of the Canadian Maritimes, based mostly on information gleaned from local newspapers, church records, and a miscellany of vital records. Many of those emigrants would ultimately make their way to New England or elsewhere in America. Mr. Punch's new book, North America's Maritime Funnel: The Ships That Brought the Irish to North America, 1749-1852, represents both an elucidation and expansion of Erin's Sons. Here's how. Whereas Mr. Punch was primarily concerned in Erin's Sons with the identification of every Irish individual known to have inhabited the Canadian Maritimes during the one hundred or so years under investigation, North America's Maritime Funnel attempts to document every known voyage between the two. Drawn from both primary and secondary sources, his new volume enumerates about 1,050 voyages chronologically, giving the names of the vessels, their port and date of departure as well as their port of arrival, and the number of passengers. In Mr. Punch's erudite Introduction, the author likens this history of transportation to a "Maritime Funnel": "Imagine using a funnel in reverse. You want to pour honey into a jar, but you are putting it in at the narrow end. Some spills, some sticks, by most eventually swirls around the bowl of the funnel and drips out the wide end. Consider that the honey was Ireland's emigrants, and that the narrow end of the funnel was Atlantic Canada. Some of them fell by the wayside, perishing at sea or in quarantine stations after reaching port. Some stuck to the narrow end, and settled in the Canadian Maritimes. Most spread out the wide end across America, from Ontario south to Louisiana. That is the Maritime funnel." In the process of compiling North America's Maritime Funnel author Punch has also added to our understanding of Irish immigration in two important respects: (1) In the copious notes that accompany the voyages, we find the names of passengers heretofore unaccounted for in about ten percent of the lists; and (2) By way of maps, charts, and diagrams, Terrence Punch portrays the movement of population from catchment areas in Ireland to specific places in the Maritimes, offering clues as to the whereabouts of immigrant ancestors--even where no passenger lists could be found. North America's Maritime Funnel is the remarkable conclusion to Terrence Punch's scrutiny of the epoch of Irish emigration. We will have more to say about it in the weeks ahead; meanwhile, here is a link to a full description of this amazing publication: /www.genealogical.com/index.php?main_page=product_info&item_number=4716

MyHeritage.com Reconsidered Less than two years ago, the Israeli-based and multilingual website MyHeritage.com acquired the U.S. genealogy subscription site World Vital Records, based in Provo, Utah. In her latest article, www.genealogyandfamilyhistory.com, Carolyn Barkley evaluates the consolidated MyHeritage.com for the benefits of current and future subscribers.

to msattala "Locating Church Records," by Val D. Greenwood Problems and Solutions: Church records are of no value if you cannot find the ones that fit your specific problems. In America, where church and state are separate and where people with ancestry from all over Europe lived side by side and inter-married, there are two main problems: Determining the church with which your ancestor had affiliation. Locating the records of that church in the locality where your ancestor lived. Clues to solve the first problem might come from many sources. Perhaps the family's present affiliation can help you, or the national origin of the family, or family tradition. You might find your answer in a will or a deed or on a tombstone. It may be in an obituary. Or there may be a clue in the locality where your ancestor resided--it may have been the settlement of a particular religious denomination--but you must know the locality's history to determine this. (A person may have belonged to several churches during his/her lifetime. This was quite common on the frontier because if a town had only one church, that was usually where the town's residents [especially the Protestants] went to worship, regardless of former affiliation.) In later years obituaries, death certificates, hospital records, etc., contain statements of religious preference. The second problem may be the more difficult of the two. There are some helps and reference tools to assist in locating church records, but even these are quite incomplete and may be misleading if we are not aware of their limitations. There is, in fact, no complete guide to American church records. This is an area that lies wide open to further study. The personnel at the LDS Family History Library have done some studies on the location of church records, but they have a long way to go before the true objective is attained. Some useful studies were made in the 1930s and early 1940s as part of the Historical Records Survey under the auspices of the Works Projects Administration (WPA) of the New Deal. The "Inventories of Church Archives" that resulted from these studies were excellent for the geographic areas and the churches they covered at the time they were made, but much of the information in them is now outdated. Many of the records have since been moved, and many that were in private hands are now completely untraceable. We must not assume that church records do not exist just because we have been unable to find them; on the other hand, it would be foolish to say that no church records have ever been lost or destroyed, because many of these records are, indeed, no longer in existence. The following biographical sketch (obituary) of George Washington Bassett tells some of the history of the Immanuel Church: "In the year 1843, soon after his removal to his estate in Hanover, Mr. Bassett became much concerned at the prostrate condition of the Church in his neighborhood and the adjoining counties of King William and New Kent. The parishes had died out and been without rectors or church services for more than half a century." Was this common? What of records during this "more than half a century"? What about records of the earlier period before the church "died out"? All of these questions should be considered in a study of American church records. The same thing may have happened in hundreds of other churches. What does happen to the records when a church becomes defunct? It has been suggested by some that many records of the English Church met their doom during the Revolutionary War as part of an action of reprisal against the British, but I am unaware of any specific situations of this nature. Finding the Records: If you can find early American church records they are peerless as a source of genealogical evidence, so let's consider some steps you might take: First consider that the records are still in the custody of the church where they were kept, if that church still exists. An advertisement in a local newspaper will often lead to the whereabouts of available records, especially those in private hands. Don't be afraid to ask questions--of ministers, chambers of commerce, old-timers; anyone who might know. The records of many churches have been published, especially in genealogical and historical periodicals, and are thus available. These are generally not too accessible either from the standpoint of finding the proper magazine or of knowing that an article of value is within it. One of the best approaches is to use the various periodical indexes listed in Chapter 6 [of The Researcher's Guide to American Genealogy]. A few church records are also published in book form (both alone and in conjunction with other records), and you should be aware of this possibility. Look under the locality of interest in your library catalog, for example Hinshaw's work on the Quakers. These seven volumes (in eight) contain abstracts of Monthly Meeting records, are indexed, and are quite useful as far as they go; but they certainly do not cover all Quaker records. They are, however, a representative example of published American church records. In using published church records, as with all published sources, remember that they present secondary evidence and frequently contain copying errors. Many church records are now being microfilmed by the churches themselves and by other agencies. Historical societies often preserve microfilm copies as well as originals, and copies are frequently available for sale or for reading. The LDS Family History Library has microfilmed the records of many churches throughout the U.S., and you may find it worthwhile to check its holdings before making a lot of other searches. Libraries and historical societies have collected many church records (especially in their local areas) and these are readily available for searching. One of the big problems is to determine just who has the records. The "National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections" can be useful in that effort.

It seems a shame to destroy a hard drive. (One example: Important overlooked genealogy research data/pics) You can always get an inexpensive enclosure for the drive, remove it from the PC and use it as an external drive. Here is Wikipedia's list of free and proprietary software to erase a hard drive: _http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_data_erasing_software_ (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_data_erasing_software) Here is a URL for an enclosure for 3.5" hard drive: _http://www.newegg.com/Product/Product.aspx?Item=N82E16817707153_ (http://www.newegg.com/Product/Product.aspx?Item=N82E16817707153)

Land Records--More than Mere Conveyances of Real Estate," by Robert Barnes © 2010 by the Author Researchers who take the time to go beyond an index to land records may find many items of interest in a particular volume that may have not been indexed by the clerks of the county court. For example, some indices may omit some references, such as depositions and "posted wives," but one should double check to be sure. Following are some examples of valuable findings buried in land records. Most of my illustrations come from Maryland land records, but no matter where you may be searching, consider checking land records page by page for possible nuggets of information. Certified copies of entries from English parish registers: In 1709 Anthony Workman of the City of Gloucester stated in a Queen Anne's County, MD land record that he was the nephew and heir of William als. Anthony Workman of the Isle of Kent, Maryland, dec. There followed a certificate from the Churchwardens of the Parish of Newland, Co. Gloucester, setting forth the names of the children of William Workman of Cliford, dec., and certifying that Anthony Workman was the heir of his uncle William who had come to Maryland. Chains of title within the deed: A deed always contains a statement such as, "A," the grantor, for a valuable consideration, is conveying property to "B," the grantee. Modern deeds usually, additionally, contain the "Being Clause" which describes the property being conveyed as the same property that "Z" conveyed to "A." Eighteenth-century deeds may trace the ownership back to the original patentee, and in doing so state family relationships of previous owners or of the current grantor. Such chains of title present relationships among others who are not shown in deed indexes. Children being apprenticed: Children being apprenticed by their parents might have their indentures of apprenticeship recorded in the land records. Depositions: When people testified, either in a land commission or some other court activity, they usually identified themselves by name, age, and sometimes occupation. These depositions often contained references to other relatives of the deponent. These depositions may be found in land records. Individuals registering the livestock marks for themselves or their children: The first 74 pages of Liber B of Frederick Co. land records contain marks of cattle registered by thirty individuals. Land Commissions: Land grants in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries were laid out by metes and bounds, and generally started with phrasing like "bounded red oak" or a "bounded white beech." These beginning trees would fall down, decay, or otherwise become invisible, and it would become necessary for land owners to petition the county justices to appoint commissioners to take testimony from neighbors as to the location of these original trees. When any interested or knowledgeable parties had testified, the commissioners would determine what the beginning point of the land was, and thus the land could be resurveyed. Most counties had a separate series of records called "Land Commissions," but from time to time the proceedings would be recorded in the land records. Many of these land commissions were recorded in Dorchester County, MD land records, for example. Lists of convict servants:: I have found these lists in the land records of Baltimore and Queen Anne's counties in Maryland. Oaths of office and appointments to office: An early Frederick County land record liber contains the oath of office taken by Reverdy Ghiselin when he swore to uphold the Act for amending the staple of tobacco. Talbot County land records record the fact that in 1668 Charles Calvert appointed William Hemsley, Gent., to be clerk and keeper of the records for that county. Petitions: Usually found in county court proceedings, petitions may appear in land records. In 1698, eight inhabitants of Cecil County recorded their petition to register their meeting house in Cecil County Land Records. Posting of errant wives: In the days before newspapers, husbands whose wives had left them would often record a statement in the land records that they would not be responsible for the debts of their wives, who had "eloped from the husband's bed and board." Sometimes we might read that a couple had agreed to live apart. Powers of attorney: Individuals living somewhere else would give a local inhabitant or someone planning to move to the locality a power of attorney, giving them the authority to transact business for the grantors. Prenuptial contracts (sometimes called ante-nuptial contracts): An article in a Baltimore newspaper told how many couples planning to marry in 2010 were drawing up prenuptial contracts. These documents are found in the eighteenth century, especially when one or both of the contracting parties had been married previously and may have had children by a previous spouse. These contracts were designed to protect the rights of the existing children. Protecting the rights of orphans: In March 1711 David Richards, Nathaniel Stinchcomb and Henry Waters were bound to Robert, Ralph, Thomas, and Edmond Moss, orphans of Ralph Moss, late of Anne Arundel Co., dec. That land record stipulated that each orphan would be paid £68.16.2 when he came of age. Servants and their indentures: Indentures (contracts to work for someone who would pay one's passage to America) were usually recorded in the country of origin, but land records can shed light on what happened to the servant once he or she arrived in the New World. . . . In a 1674 Cecil County volume of land records, David Jenkins bound himself to work for a term of four years from his arrival in Maryland if William Saunders would pay for his passage to America and provide him with meat, drink, and apparel. Sometimes native-born settlers agreed to serve someone else for a specified term Ship captains registering their cargo: Both Annapolis and Baltimore were designated as colonial ports of entry, In 1705 two ships' captains published their rates for tobacco in the Anne Arundel County land records. Benjamin Phillips, commander of the ship John and Margaret published a rate of £16 per ton. James Bradby, commander of the ship Ursula published a rate of £15 per ton. Valuation of the estates of minors: These give a detailed description of the improvements on an estate, including physical dimensions and structure of the house, what crops were planted in the fields, and the amount of livestock. Wills: Wills were usually recorded in the county will books and in the Prerogative Court will books. From time to time a will was recorded in the county land records. In 1700/1 Rachel Kilbourne, widow of Anne Arundel Co. recorded her will in just such a volume. Sometimes it is necessary just to go through each volume of land records, page by page, to discover these hidden treasures, especially if the items are not included in the index prepared by the clerks of the court. Researchers using Maryland land records have two advantages. First are the many series of abstracts of county land records published by various individuals or societies. Among these may be counted the abstracts of land records for Anne Arundel, Cecil, Dorchester, Frederick, and Prince George's counties. The second advantage is that all original county land records from the founding of a county to the present day have been scanned and are available at the Maryland State Archives' excellent series known as MdLandRec.net. There is no charge for the use of these records, but researchers who are not actually in the Archives search room or the county court house must register for a password. Land records contain many treasures, indeed!

This is in ref to Arlington Nat'l Cemetery data base. There is now a new app and an on-line data base listing all the names of the approximately 400,000 people buried at Arlington National Cemetery. For more information go to this website: Arlington National Cemetery

to msattala A Note from the Editor: Ireland Reaching Out Diaspora Project by Lynn Betlock, Editor I recently learned about the Ireland Reaching Out (Ireland XO) Diaspora project. According to the group’s website, “the Ireland XO project is based on a simple idea; instead of waiting for Irish-Americans and their global counterparts to come to Ireland to trace their roots, we go the other way. Working through voluntary effort at a townland, village and parish level, we identify who left, and trace them and their descendants worldwide, proactively engaging with them and inviting them to become part of an extended ‘virtual’ community with their place of origin. In this way, the entire Irish Diaspora of 70 million can be systematically reunified online and invited back to engage with their ancestral parish for the benefit of all. . . . ” “While Ireland XO parish volunteers are reaching out around the world, the project’s website provides a landing point in Ireland for people abroad who have some detail about where their emigrant ancestors come from in Ireland. By joining any parish community online, they can seek direct genealogical research assistance from local people in the area who also volunteer to meet them on their return. This “Meet/Greet/Connect” offer from parish communities across Ireland has been identified as a missing element from developing the Irish Diaspora in times past.” A successful pilot already occurred in South-East Galway and the project was launched as a “National Diaspora Programme” in March 2012. I’m very intrigued by this project. Instead of a descendant tracing one ancestor back to a place of origin, this model has the impetus for the search coming from the place of origin, with a goal of reconstructing the essence of a long-vanished community. This effort reminds me of the numerous and very popular old settlers organizations and Old Home weeks held in New England and elsewhere in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. (For an article on this topic, see “Tracking Migrating Families: The Records of Old Settlers Organizations,” by Paula Stuart Warren in the winter 2010 issue of American Ancestors.) In the Internet age, it will be fascinating to see what kinds of genealogical and historical connections can be made on a group level across time and distance.

The Avalon Project. The Avalon Project is a digital document library sponsored by Yale Law School's Lillian Goldman Library. You will be surprised to learn about the opportunities genealogists will find in this remarkable collection--until you read Carolyn Barkley's newest article for our blog, www.genealogyandfamilyhistory.com.

The Ireland Reaching Out (Ireland XO) Diaspora project. According to the group’s website, “the Ireland XO project is based on a simple idea; instead of waiting for Irish-Americans and their global counterparts to come to Ireland to trace their roots, we go the other way. Working through voluntary effort at a townland, village and parish level, we identify who left, and trace them and their descendants worldwide. Read more at http://www.irelandxo.com