Elizabeth: It suddenly occurred to me I might have omitted something fun from the short reading list on haplogroups which I recently posted at your request. This may well have been Freudian. Over the years I have observed that we share a bit of discomfort factor towards genealogy too much stretched and thirsting for connections with famous persons. But, with that caveat, the following does have serious content, well worthy of attention: http://dienekes.blogspot.com/2005/06/thomas-jeffersons-patrilineal-origin.html This said, let me quickly emphasize, underscore, and repeat: There is nothing here that suggests any Jeffersonian-Knowlton connection in any time frame that has to do with western patrilineal surnames as we understand and use them today; or used them in 1400-1500 AD. There is a strong scientific basis linking the K2 M70+ haplogroup to Jefferson and the known Knowlton males who share it. But this is in all probability an ancient tribal thing. It could predate the LGM (Last Glacial Maximum) some 18,000 years ago. What is does do is provide a separate, distinct, free-standing example of how these very old, unique characteristics can follow down through the years to be found today in our fathers, sons, brothers, and cousins. Cheers, ck