There's a reference in this timeline to 'Spanish Vikings' which I find surprising. And yes, it's most unlikely that Richard I spoke English. He certainly didn't speak Old English, and Middle English was scarcely in existence in 1200. The court spoke Norman French. For masses of stuff on this, see Crystal's 'The Stories of English'. Chris Boyne -----Original Message----- From: IRL-WICKLOW-L-request@rootsweb.com [mailto:IRL-WICKLOW-L-request@rootsweb.com] On Behalf Of Valerie Garton Sent: 23 February 2006 04:53 To: IRL-WICKLOW-L@rootsweb.com Subject: [Wicklow] Kings & Queens of England 23 Feb. 06 3:18 PM Whilst researching in England I purchased this ruler, Kings and Queens of England History Ruler, which gives the following information. Please feel free to add more information. 43 - c450 AD Roman Britain. Anglo-Saxon settle in what is then called England 613-1017AD Division of Countries into Kingdoms. Attack by Spanish Vikings 1017-1066 AD last rule of Anglo-Saxon kings NORAMN DYNASTY 1066 William I seizes the throne of England after defeating the army of Harold II at the Battle of Hastings 1087 William dies after a riding accident and his son William II becomes king 1100 William II dies in a hunting accident and Henry I becomes king 1135 Stephen becomes king PLANTAGENET DYNASTY 1154 Henry II becomes king 1189 Richard I [ The Lionheart ] becomes king 1199 Richard dies during a siege and his brother John becomes king 1215 John is forced to sign the Magna Carta 1216 Henry III becomes king 1272 Edward I becomes king 1307 Edward II becomes king 1327 Edward II is murdered and his son Edward III becomes king 1348-50 The Black Death kills one third of the population 1377 Richard II becomes king HOUSE OF LANCASTER 1399 Henry IV becomes king 1413 Henry V becomes king 1422 Henry VI becomes king 1455-14485 War of the Roses HOUSE OF YORK 1461 Edward IV becomes king 1483 Edward V becomes king 1483 Richard III becomes king TUDOR DYNASTY 1485 Richard is killed at Battle of Bosthworth Field Henry VII becomes king 1509 Henry VIII becomes king 1536 Dissolution of Monasteries 1547 Henry VIII dies at Whitehall and his son Edward VI becomes king 1553 Edward dies and Lady Jane Grey is proclaimed queen. Less than 2 weeks later Mary I, daughter of Henry VIII, claims the throne 1554 Lady Jane and her husband beheaded 1558 Elizabeth I becomes queen after Mary dies 1588 The Spanish Armada is defeated STUART DYNASTY 1603 James I becomes king 1605 The Gunpowder plot 1625 Charles I becomes king 1633 Buckingham Palace 1642-48 The English Civil War 1649 Charles I is executed and England is declared a Commonwealth 1658 death of Oliver Cromwell 1660 Charles II is restored to the throne 1675 work begins on St Paul's Cathedral 1685 James II becomes king 1689 William III becomes joint monarch with his wife Mary II 1702 Anne become queen HANOVER DYNASTY 1714 George I becomes king 1727 George II becomes king 1760 George III becomes king 1805 Admiral Nelson is killed at the Battle of Trafalgar 1815 The Duke of Wellington defeats Napoleon's army at the Battle of Waterloo 1820 George IV becomes king 18330 William IV becomes king 18337 Victoria becomes queen 1876 Victoria is granted the title Empress of India by Parliament. HOUSE OF SAXE-COBURG 1901 Victoria dies at Osborne House and Edward VII becomes king HOUSE OF WINDSOR 1910 George V becomes king 1936 Edward VIII becomes king 1936 Edward VIII abdicates and his brother George VI becomes king 1952 Elizabeth II is Queen of England and head of the Commonwealth Cheers from Valerie in sunny Sydney. Researching : Cork - CULLODEN, FITZGIBBON, HURLEY, LEAHY, TARRANT, OAKSHOTT, VAUGHAN Dublin - CULLODEN, HAYDEN Martha, HAYES, HIGGINSON, HUGHES Patrick & Henry, MOFFETT Kildare - CULLODEN, HALL Cambridge - SHICKEL- any spelling Somerset & Dorset - GRUBB, READ/REID, WHITTLE Suffolk - ATKINS, BOWLER, BROWN Robert, DAVIE/EY, PARR, SKINNER, SLATELY Stafford - WINTERTON, Webb WILLIAMS Wales - BALLARD, HOOPER, HOWELL, SANDS, YORATH ==== IRL-WICKLOW Mailing List ==== If you dont remind us about your search, we wont remember it, so a gentley reminder at least once a month does not hurt the listers at all. ============================== Search Family and Local Histories for stories about your family and the areas they lived. Over 85 million names added in the last 12 months. Learn more: http://www.ancestry.com/s13966/rd.ashx