Following are 2 replies I rec'd when asking about the Transplanter's Cert. >The transplanted Irish were Catholics who refused to convert. They were >stripped of their land by the government after Cromwell arrived and sent to >smaller properties on much less fertile soil. I think many were sent to >Clare and Galway. >Cheers, >> >>Jo M. >>Geelong, Australia The people were attached somehow to one person who was taking them all from Dungarvan, Co. Waterford, to Co. Clare or even further north. Why is the good question. We need to examine the history of just prior to 1653 when all this was going on and it is the date of the Certificate. Perhaps you may wish to question the Co. Clare Library which posted the Certificate. They have a terrific web site. I will share anything I obtain. Longford is rather a distance from Waterford - even farther in 1653 ! Regards. Chuck F At 10:46 PM 10/05/2000 EDT, MStaple362@aol.com wrote: >Jo, >I believe "recusants" were those that refused to convert. Families such as >mine had their lands "confiscated". We were landowners who supported both the >King and the Roman Catholic Church. The confiscations were a scheme to wrest >control of the Irish countryside from the established landowners and to pay >back the war debt owed the "adventurers" and other financial backers of the >Parliamentary cause. Kinda like the "Victory Bonds" and other "War Bonds" >from WWII. > >Civil war is always hell and winner take all. > >Slan go foill >Mike Stapleton (Mac An Ghaill Duibh) > >