Karen inquires: === And one of the entries is: Index Number to Electoral Divisions 524 Townlands and Towns Clontyduffy (Hart) Page 274 I need help please as I try to understand this. Here are my questions: 1. What is the meaning of the name Hart in parentheses? There only one other on the page in parentheses. It is immediately after the Clontyduffy (Hart) entry and it is: Index Number to Electoral Divisions 524 Townlands and Towns Clontyduffy (Nugent) Page 274 Does this possibly mean that there were two families in the town of Clontyduffy, one Hart and one Nugent? === Clontyduffy townland was apparently divided at the time of the Ordnance Survey in the first half of the 19th century. This has been done in many cases throughout the counties. One of them (Rowls) in N. Cork was divided into 6 townlands with different surnames added to each (and one large one was divided even further, into North and South versions [gr]). I have always assumed that the surname defined either the owner-family of the townland or, at least, the predominant family living there. If there was a specific rule regarding this, I'd appreciate hearing about it. These adjacent Clontyduffy townlands have a more-than half-mile common border, are in Kilbride civil parish in County Cavan, and also have "frontage" on the Co. Meath boundary. The village of Mount Nugent lies about two and a half miles to the north of the Clontyduffys, and Lough Sheelin is about the same distance, to the NW. I'll leave the remaining questions to others, as I don't do any genealogy and know little about the records as such. Pete .................................................... Pete Schermerhorn, in the glorious Berkshire hills of western Massachusetts </HTML>