Jean and Jerry, Here is some additional information which may or may not be of interest. I first found out about the Hally family connection from reading a paper of an address given by my paternal grandmother's cousin Rev. Lambert Scanlan, descended from the same line of Hawleys and very active in the local AOH, at a Hawley reunion some number of years ago. In the paper, he says something to the effect that Pat Powers was a Catholic lad from County Waterford who was interested in Ellen Hawley of Tipperary, daughter of Michael Hawley who was a Protestant soldier from County Cork and Kate English of a Tipperary family, but that Pat and Ellen could not be married in Ireland due to religious differences so that is what prompted them to come to America. I no longer have the paper and this is from memory. Later I received information regarding the posthumous notes of Rev. Scanlan on various families which indicated for Michael and Kate Hawley the location as Cork and Tipperary. Several years later I found out from Sandra Hawley before she made the trip to Ireland that from her research she had deduced that both Michael and Kate were from Tipperary, and someone in the Newcastle area, perhaps it was Dan Hawley, had the baptismal records information for two or three of their children from that area, and that they were in fact Hallys in Ireland. This caused me to question the belief which I previously held that, as you suggested Jean, Michael Hawley was of English descent. However, I was still skeptical because Rev. Scanlan had mentioned County Cork and I was of the belief that they were of the same descent as the Haly family there just a ways east of south Tipperary near Mitchelstown I believe. But I did receive the baptismal information from Dan Hawley confirming that the children were baptized Catholic and that the family did indeed live in Aughavanlomaun in the vicinity of Newcastle. This is where Dan provided the information regarding the alleged views of Geoffrey Keating, and advised me that the family was indeed O'hAilche as was his own family, and not from County Cork where the branch of the O'hAinle (Haly, O'Hanly) had settled from County Limerick. As I continued to receive more information, I corresponded with someone who was from a Hawley family of Borrisokane in the north of County Tipperary, and I learned that the Hawley families in that area were in fact Anglo-Irish Hawleys of English descent, and I believe most to have been Protestant. Several years later, Sandra Hawley and others of her family made the trip to Ireland and she was able to obtain confirmation that the family was indeed Hally, and that they were Catholic, by copying the baptismal certificate information for all but two or three of the thirteen children, including names of the baptismal sponsors, and also discovered that the family was from the town of Aughavanlomaun, while Kate's family was from Grange, a section of Newcastle. This information is posted somewhere, as well as photographs of the area and two churches, one in Newcastle and one in a neighboring town. When Michael and Kate emigrated to America, several of the family were already married and came separately, as did my ancestors Michael Patrick Powers and his wife Ellen and family. One son remained with the Powers grandparents in Mount Mellary, County Waterford, but upon coming of age, he also immigrated and, after getting married in Wisconsin, his family was one of the first to settle in Escanaba, Michigan where he worked for one of the railroad companies I believe. About that time, another of the Hawleys was a boat captain on lake Michigan and assisted in the rescue on the lake of many settlers stranded there during the Peshtigo fire in northern Wisconsin and Michigan which occurred at the exact same time as the Chicago fire, the atmospheric conditions being such that many fires apparently occurred spontaneously in different places at that time. One of his son joined the Green Bay Police Department and rose to the rank of Police Chief serving quite a number of years before retiring. Continuing my research, I discovered some records of a cemetery somewhere on the road towrd Kilmallock in County Limerick, but still in County Tipperary, which included inscriptions for Hallys or Halleys, leading me to again speculate as to whether they may not have been from the Clare and Limerick areas, and of the O'hAinle family group. At this point, I now believe that the prevailing view is that the O'hAilches were descended from Vikings, probably Danish, and that the Hallys in Newcastle and surroundig areas including Aughavanlomaun were among these O'hAilches, and this is also what I believe strongly to be true. The very best, Michael ____________________________________________________________________________________ We won't tell. Get more on shows you hate to love (and love to hate): Yahoo! TV's Guilty Pleasures list. http://tv.yahoo.com/collections/265