SNIPPET: An in-depth article on Kerry's Dingle peninsula appeared in the April 1976 issue of the Washington D.C. "National Geographic" magazine. The author, American Bryan HODGSON, writes that his mother was born in Cork and he spent many childhood holidays in West Clare, not far north. Some excerpts -- "Last parish before Boston: The Bay of Coumeenoole washes the final spit of Irish land that emigrants glimpse on departing by air for the promise of America. Paddy FITZGERALD made the trip by sea in 1922. He returned in 1930, resumed farming, and now (in 1976) lives with his wife, Eileen (both pictured) in a house near the bay. Most who leave, however, don't return, posing the greatest problem facing the Dingle Peninsula and other rural areas. (Poetess) Ethna CARBERY told of the exodus that sprang from hardship and suffering in the 1840's, the decade of the potato famine: 'They are going, shy-eyed cailins, and lads so straight and tall/From the purple peaks of Kerry, from the crags of wild Imaal/From the greening plains of Mayo, and the glens of Donegal.' Now most emigrants from Dingle go to England or other parts of Ireland, rather than to the United States. Money sent home by sons and daughters has long played in important role in the rural economy." Memories dance to an Irish ballad as retired farmer Paddy BOLAND is shown playing his accordion in a tidy, but sparsely-furnished parlour in one of the many photographs by Linda BARTLETT. Per the author, "The Irish Land Commission helps men like Paddy either continue farming or to retire 'with dignity and guaranteed financial security.' Consolidating the peninsula's patchwork of tiny fields into larger, more productive tracts, the commission also helps introduce modern equipment and techniques ... But it is now, of this moment, that the old accordion squawks and puffs like an orchestra of elves, and Paddy BOLAND is a concertmaster. His blunt fingers tap out hornpipes and marches on the worn keys, his foot marking time and his eyes turned sidelong down the years. 'The Laddo from Cork,' he plays, and 'Bold Thady Quill,' and the room dances with memories. Paudie would dance too, if he were not too shy, and too caught up in the magic of his grandfather's skill. He is 5, and Paddy 72, and they are at the two ends of a great friendship. Paudie's father, Micheal, is 39. Five years ago he quit his construction job in England and returned with his wife, Kathleen, and daughter, Eileen, 7, to the family farm in Coumaleague, near Ventry. 'There is good money in Birmingham,' he says, 'But it's no place to be raising children.' His return is something of a phenomenon. Since 1946 more than a million Irish men and women have sought employment overseas. (In 1976) The Gaeltacht - the Irish-speaking enclaves - have suffered a 4.5 percent annual population loss, mostly among the young. Some 20 percent of the remaining male are bachelors, and men over 18 outnumber women 3 to 1. Since 1956 the Department of the Gaeltacht has tried to stem the loss by establishing handcraft industries and offering cash grants and tax benefits to investors willing to set up industries. In Dingle Belgians own a lucrative trout farm, whose packinghouse also buys and ships the daily catch of the local fisherman's cooperative. An American-owned computer center employs 65 local people to process magazine subscriptions. Two government-financed hotels and several guesthouses cater to a growing tourist trade. But subsistence farming is still the main occupation in Corca Dhuibhne. Like most farmers (in 1976) Micheal BOLAND hand-milks his small herd twice daily; he drives his pony cart three miles each morning to the creamery and back. He will net between a thousand and a thousand and a half pounds ($2,000-$3,000) in a good year, plus cash from his small flock of sheep. Inflation has bitten deep - Ireland has one of the highest rates in Europe, coupled with low average earnings. Things will get better, Micheal says. But lately his eyes don't quite agree. Paddy BOLAND ends his concert. He and Paudie go out to the field. It is never too soon for a boy to learn about cows." ...

Hi folks, Donegal County Council in Ireland have just launched a new website today commemorating the 400th anniversary of the Flight of the Earls. www.flightoftheearls.ie Kind regards, Stuart Stuart McNamara The Wild Geese Forums ----- Original Message ----- From: "Jean R." <[email protected]> To: <[email protected]> Sent: Saturday, January 13, 2007 6:39 PM Subject: [IRISH-AMER] "The Green Fields of America"/Omagh,Co. Tyrone's 15th Annual Appalachian & Bluegrass MusicFestival/Mick MOLONEY's book > THE GREEN FIELDS OF AMERICA > > Farewell to the groves of shillelagh and shamrock, > Farewell to the girls of old Ireland all around. > May your hearts be as merry as ever you could find them, > As far away over the ocean I am bound. > For me mother is old and me father's quite feeble, > To leave their own country 'twould grieve their hearts full sore; > Oh, the tears down their cheeks in great drops they are rolling, > To think I must die upon some foreign shore. > > But what matter to me where my bones may lie buried, > If in peace and contentment I can spend my life? > Oh, the green fields of Canada they daily are calling, > And there I'll see an end to my misery and strife, > So it's pack up your sea-stores, consider no longer, > For ten dollars a week is not very bad pay, > With no taxes or tithes to devour up your wages > When you're on the green fields of America. > > The lint-dams are gone and the looms are now idle, > Gone are the winders of baskets and creels; > Away o'er the ocean go journeymen, ploughboys, > And fiddlers who flaked out the old mountain reels. > But I mind the time when old Ireland was flourishing, > When most of our tradesmen did work for good pay, > But since our manufacturies have crossed the Atlantic, > It's now we must follow unto America. > > So now to conclude and to finish my ditty, > If ever friendless Irishman chances my way, > With the best in the house I will greet him in welcome, > At home on the green fields of America, > So it's pack up your sea-stores, consider no longer, > For ten dollars a week is not very bad pay, > With no taxes or tithes to devour up your wages, > When you're on the green fields of America. > > Note - The 15th Annual Appalachian & Bluegrass and Folk Music Festival took place (Sept 1-3 in 2006) at the Ulster American Folk Park, Omagh, Co. Tyrone, Northern Ireland. For more info on the folk park's upcoming events: www.folkpark.com. Researchers with Scots-Irish roots may also be interested in Mick MOLONEY's book, "Far From the Shamrock Shore: The Story of Irish American History Through Song," and/or his article in the May-June 2005 issue of Dublin's "Ireland of the Welcomes" magazine, www.irelandofthewelcomes.com. A teacher, musician and author, Mr. MOLONEY also participates in music tours to Ireland, details from www.mickmoloney.com. > > > ====Irish American Mailing List===== > Add/check your surname to the Irish-American mailing list Surname Registry at: http://www.connorsgenealogy.com/IrishAmerican/ > > ------------------------------- > To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to [email protected] with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message

A great man this scholar Gearoid O Ceallaigh! I am proud to have studied under him and look forward to him continuing to bring light, truth and the beauty of the IrishGaelic language to the world- I was surprised he left out that Cornwallis shamed at having lost to the rebels who he considered a rag tag group of little significance went on to put down the Irish rebellion of 1798. He wanted to prove to the world he was still a "great" general and his tactics, murder and torture of Irish prisoners taken in battle are well documented. Once agin te Official British policy which to my knowledge still exists is that Irishmen who go againt the English crown are rebels and afforded none of the protections under the conventions and articles of war that the French soldiers who assisted these rebels received. Threse folks were not mere rebels they were quite properly called "PATRIOTS" as Mel Gibson properly titled his film. Tiocfaidh ar la. The Irish Republic will be born when the 32 counties are reunited as one!

Many thanks, Jean. Best, - Jerry -----Original Message----- From: [email protected] [mailto:[email protected]] On Behalf Of Jean R. Sent: Saturday, January 13, 2007 4:34 PM To: irish[email protected] Cc: [email protected] Subject: Re: [IRISH-AMER] The Tories - What were they really like duringtheAmerican Revolution Jerry, I love it when somebody adds something to my "snippets." Thank you! J. xx ----- Original Message ----- From: <[email protected]> To: <[email protected]>; <[email protected]> Cc: <[email protected]> Sent: Saturday, January 13, 2007 1:16 PM Subject: Re: [IRISH-AMER] The Tories - What were they really like during theAmerican Revolution > Thanks, Jean. This is a very interesting article. Naturally I > respect those who respect their ancestry, like these Canadian > descendants of Tories. > But perhaps the article is understandably a bit one-sided and not fully > provident of context. For example: <snip> ====Irish American Mailing List===== Add/check your surname to the Irish-American mailing list Surname Registry at: http://www.connorsgenealogy.com/IrishAmerican/ ------------------------------- To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to [email protected] with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message

This is a wonderful site for people searching for ancestors in New York. Several databases available to search. http://www.italiangen.org/ Good luck. Carolyn ________________________________________________________________________ Check out the new AOL. Most comprehensive set of free safety and security tools, free access to millions of high-quality videos from across the web, free AOL Mail and more.

Thanks, Jean. This is a very interesting article. Naturally I respect those who respect their ancestry, like these Canadian descendants of Tories. But perhaps the article is understandably a bit one-sided and not fully provident of context. For example: * The article mentions that Congress quarantined the entire population of Queens County, Long Island, New York for its reluctance to join patriot militias. But the full story is that the county's many patriots had boldly signed rebellious statements against the Crown immediately before the war and had already been forced to flee to Connecticut and elsewhere by the British and Tories at the outbreak of the war. [Queens County was later divided into the present Queens County and Nassau County, where I live.] * No mention is made of the fact that all patriot land, cattle, foodstuffs, equipment were routinely confiscated by the Tories wherever Tories operated, without due process and without formal escheatment to the crown. Depredations by the Tories under Colonel Tarleton on Long Island were so violent and rapacious that they turned most of the "fence-sitters" into secret patriots, plus a number of families who had initially remained loyal. (The actual Colonel Tarleton was the model for the character Colonel Tavington in the movie "The Patriot.") * Further context - we often think of Canada as loyal to Britain during the war, but with French Canada only recently conquered (1763), many Irish, and many influenced by the Enlightenment and its political theories (Rights Of Man, etc.), Britain's control of Canada was by no means assured. It had to be held by force, just like the rest of British America. The Continental Army was called "continental" because it drew fighting units from all of British North America including Canada. Canadian units participated on the patriot side in most of the important battles engaged in by the "Regulars," including the decisive victory at Yorktown. * Further context: After the fall of Charleston to the British in 1780, the war in the Carolinas became a war of extermination in several places. The Tories had the upper hand and exploited their position ruthlessly. The most notorious leader of Tory units was again the hated Colonel Tarleton. Entire families were wiped out, and small groups of American guerrillas responded in kind. But this was not American policy nor the policy of American guerilla commanders like Francis Marion. It was, however, British policy condoned at the highest levels. In the British view, Patriots were rebels, and whatever happened to rebels of any age and gender was of little concern. * The article mentions that "Tories were prisoners of state under the articles of surrender at Yorktown and as such could be executed." I've never heard of any such executions after Yorktown, although I'm sure that many British and Tories would have deserved that fate for war crimes. In my personal opinion, as you'll see below, the commander of all British forces in North America (Lord Cornwallis) certainly deserved execution. But as far as I know, all British prisoners including Tories were later exchanged or repatriated. Were there any executions of Tory prisoners after Yorktown? If so, I'd like to know about them. * Further context - the civilian population fell into 3 categories: patriot, Tory, and "fence-sitter" as they were called then. Despite early 19th century myth-making, a common rule of thumb these days, which may or may not be accurate, is that the population broke into roughly 1/3 patriot, 1/3 Tory, and 1/3 fence-sitters. Despite an estimated population in the 13 states of something like 2.5 million as noted in the article, the Continental Army was legislated by the Continental Congress at 30,000 at the outset of the war, but never properly funded, staffed, nor supplied. Troop strength was therefore always far less (maybe half that number at best at any one time?). * For me, that 30,000 number becomes extremely important when we examine the number of patriot prisoners murdered and tortured to death by Tories and British. Surrendering patriots were routinely bayoneted to death. This was called "Tarleton's quarter," named after the infamous English renegade who led Tory units on Long Island (NY) and later led Tory units in the Carolinas. The patriot prisoners who died in this way were the lucky ones. The unlucky ones were tortured to death by asphyxiation, hunger, thirst, disease, and resulting madness in the British prison hulks in New York Harbor. These were outdated British ships like the HMS Jersey which were stripped of masts, anchored, and turned into hellholes as bad or worse than the Black Hole Of Calcutta. This is all well-documented. We have the names of at least 6,000 American prisoners who were tortured to death in this way. With any onshore wind, the stench of the dying was carried to Lord Cornwallis' North American headquarters, less than a thousand yards away. The "burial parties" dumping the bodies overboard every morning into the Brooklyn mudflats were easily visible by the General Staff. So despite British denials after the war and a cover-up trial of a single, low level civilian quartermaster (who as blamed for everything), these war crimes were obviously official British policy. But British record-keeping for prisoners was also notoriously incomplete. The estimated number of patriot prisoners of war tortured to death in this manner in the prison hulks goes as high as 15,000. If we compare either figure, 6,000 or 15,000, to the legislated strength of the Continental Army (30,000), we begin to see why the British and Tories were so hated during and after the war. * The characterization of the fictitious Colonel Tavington and his Tory unit raised a storm of protest in the British press after the release of the film "The Patriot." In the movie, the fictitious Colonel Tavington and his Tories gruesomely murder without official sanction less than 100 civilians. The British press contended that British forces in North America never did and never would have conducted themselves in such a despicable manner. But actual history tells us differently. Without bothering to go into documented civilian deaths, we know that the real Lord Cornwallis was directly responsible for the deaths of between 6,000 and 15,000 helpless American prisoners of war tortured to death a few football fields away from his headquarters. * After the war, the resentment against all things English manifested itself. The Anglican Church in the new U.S. found it necessary to change its name to the Episcopalian Church. The English language was so resented as the language of tyranny that not one of the suggestions for an official language at the Constitutional Convention (1787) included English. Irish, French, German, Dutch, Spanish, almost all the languages of those who had fought against English tyranny (plus Latin and Greek) were suggested, among others. But not English. In the end, of course, it was recognized that you can't have Freedom of Speech if you're telling people what language they have to speak, so the idea of an official language was abandoned. The article notes "Per Elizabeth Lowe, a fifth-generation descendant of Benedict Arnold's cousin Oliver, (states): 'We grew up with the knowledge that our ancestors were refugees who had been robbed and tortured because of their loyalty. We may have learned to accept the Americans, but we will never forget our history.'" In response, I say definitely never forget your history. But one side fought for the Rights Of Man while the other side fought for tyranny. It's important to remember which was which. Even Elizabeth Lowe's cousin Benedict Arnold knew the difference. After the war, he was long tormented by what he had done. In the end, when he finally died in 1801, he had himself buried in the only uniform he had ever loved, the uniform which represented the ideals of the country he had betrayed - the uniform of the Continental Army. Best, - Jerry -----Original Message----- From: [email protected] [mailto:[email protected]] On Behalf Of Jean R. Sent: Saturday, January 13, 2007 1:28 PM To: [email protected] Cc: [email protected] Subject: [IRISH-AMER] Canada's Tories still raise their tankards to KingGeorge SNIPPET: Researchers interested in the history of Colonial America and Canada, whose own ancestors (or those of their spouse) took part in the "losing side of the war" - colonists who fled north rather than join the Revolution, Canada's Tories - should find interesting a six-page article in the January 2004 issue of "Smithsonian" magazine called "Divided Loyalties," with colorful photos and old maps. Recently, participants (costumed re-enactors) came from all over Maritime Canada - the Atlantic Seaboard provinces of New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island, to celebrate the 225th anniversary of DeLANCEY's Brigade, one of the 53 Loyalist regiments that fought alongside the British during America's Revolutionary War. Up from Shelburne, Nova Scotia, came the Prince of Wales American Regiment. The Royal American Fencibles crossed the Bay of Fundy from Yarmouth. So did officers from the Kings Orange Rangers in Liverpool. In the drafty Gothic church in the center of St. John, NB, amid the rustle of women's petticoats and the flash of regimental swords, there was a cast of characters straight out of Colonial America: a parson garbed in black, wearing the swallow-tailed collar of an Anglican cleric, and a buckskinned spy with the British Indian Department, who confided "he was busy organizing Iroquois raids on the Continental Army." Some were seated at a table groaning under the weight of 18th-century-style comestibles - a tureen of turnip soup made from a 1740 recipe; a bowl of heirloom apples not sold commercially in more than a century; and a marzipan dessert shaped to resemble a hedgehog. At the regimental gathering, there was lamentations on General BURGOYNE's blunder at the Battle of Saratoga in 1777 and congratulations on how well Loyalist were fighting in the Carolinas. Perhaps as many as one in five Americans had preferred to stay loyal to Britain and King George, and many families, including those of the founding fathers, had individuals who were Loyalists. Once the Declaration of Independence was signed, most states enacted restrictive "Test Acts" that required their citizens to formally denounce the British Crown and swear allegiance to his or her resident state. Those who failed to take the oath was subject to imprisonment , double and triple taxations, confiscations of property and banishment. Neither could they collect debts, buy land or defend themselves in court. Connecticut made it illegal for these Loyalists to criticize Congress of the Connecticut General Assembly. South Carolina required supporters of the Crown to make reparations to victims of all robberies committed in their counties. Congress quarantined the entire population of Queens County, NY, for its reluctance to join patriot militias! Anti-Tory sentiment was especiall! y intense in Massachusetts. When 1,000 Loyalists fled Boston along with British general William HOWE in March 1776, Colonists sang: "The Tories with their brats and wives/ Should fly to save their wretched lives." By the spring of 1783, a massive refugee exodus was under way. At the time when the total population of America was about 2.5 million, an estimated 100,000 Tories, up to 2,000 Indians (most of them Iroquois) and perhaps 6,000 former slaves were forced to leave the country. The Iroquois crossed into Canada. Many slaves who had agreed to fight for Britain, went to Nova Scotia; many of them later immigrated to Sierra Leone. Several thousand Tories moved to the Bahamas. Another 10,000 settled in Jamaica and the rest of the British West Indies. Florida, then a British possession, was swamped with new arrivals, as was Ontario, then known as Upper Canada. But the largest number, perhaps as many as 40,000 in all, headed for the British colony of Nova Scotia. Per Elizabeth LOWE, a fifth-generation descendant of Benedict ARNOLD's cousin Oliver. "We grew up with the knowledge that our ancestors were refugees who had been robbed and tortured because of their loyalty. We may have learned to accept the Americans, but we will never forget our history." In 2001 the United Empire Loyalists (UEL) published a curriculum aid for history teachers entitled 'The Loyalists: Pioneers and Settlers of the Maritimes.' "We distributed it free of charge to all of the schools, but I don't think it is being used," says Frances MORRISEY, a UEL descendant of one of New Brunswick's founding fathers. "Loyalists gave Canada peace, order and good government, but now they're being forgotten." Saint John's mayor, Shirley McALARY, was not as concerned, although she did acknowledge that Loyalist people are growing older, their children are leaving as new people move in. Curiously, Tories suffered even at the hands of British officers who, for the most part, dismissed them as ignorant provincials. The British especially distrusted Loyalist militia regiments, claiming that they were slow to follow orders and often went off on their own to seek revenge against those who had destroyed their property. Per the article - this contemptuous attitude may explain why Lord CORNWALLIS, when he surrendered at Yorktown in 1781, yielded to WASHINGTON's demand that Tories be turned over to victorious Continental soldiers as prisoners of state, not war, thus allowing them to be executed as traitors. Loyalist pride endures. Says a Tory: "My forefathers stood for their beliefs." Adherence to English tradition is prized in Shelburne founded by Loyalist refugees in 1783, and Fredericton, where the twice-daily changing of the guard remains a popular ritual. In St. John, NB's burial ground the visitors inspect 18th-century tombstones - the grave markers laid out in the pattern of a Union Jack, reflecting fierce loyalty to Britain. As an aside - there is evidently a considerable presence of Irish in St. John, New Brunswick. ====Irish American Mailing List===== Add/check your surname to the Irish-American mailing list Surname Registry at: http://www.connorsgenealogy.com/IrishAmerican/ ------------------------------- To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to [email protected] with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message

Following Rev. Woulfe, it is probably more likely that O'hAilche is Danish rather than Norse, so they are probably not descended from Helgi Magri (the Lean) afterall. The Danish stronghold was in Waterford and many were forced to leave after the Normans arrived from England in 1170, and the Power family took over. My ancestor Ellen Hally of Tipperary was married in Ireland to Michael Patrick Powers of County Waterford. I also have a Johanna Power married to Daniel Crowley of County Cork on the maternal side. Sister Maire de Poer of Ireland says that the Powers' although arriving with the Normans were actually originally from Britain and had come over with the Normans from Brittany in France, so they had no particular reason to treat the Vikings of Waterford with any special consideration. Woulfe suggests that the name Ailche is derived from the Danish word meaning 'English'. Alternatively, if it is derived from Helgi meaning 'holy', there was also Helgi the Bold in Denmark who had been involved in warfare and who according to tradition married Aslaug the daughter of Sigurd Snake-in-the-Eye, they being the father and mother of Raginhild who married Halfdan the Black and begot Harald Fairhair King of Norway. More likely though, Helgi of Waterford was just an ordinary Viking. As to the possibility of being connected with O'Kennedy of Ormond, it is stated toward the end of the 12th century work "War of Ceallachan of Cashel" that after fighting the Vikings of Dublin, King Ceallachan (Callahan) granted Doncuan mac Cinneidi permission to marry Bebhinn, daughter of the Viking chief who had been killed in battle. If this is true, then Donncuan's son Cinneidi could have been half Norwegian and therefore agreeable to including a Danish family within the O'Kennedy sept. Michael O'Hearn ____________________________________________________________________________________ The fish are biting. Get more visitors on your site using Yahoo! Search Marketing. http://searchmarketing.yahoo.com/arp/sponsoredsearch_v2.php

Jerry, I love it when somebody adds something to my "snippets." Thank you! J. xx ----- Original Message ----- From: <[email protected]> To: <[email protected]>; <[email protected]> Cc: <[email protected]> Sent: Saturday, January 13, 2007 1:16 PM Subject: Re: [IRISH-AMER] The Tories - What were they really like during theAmerican Revolution > Thanks, Jean. This is a very interesting article. Naturally I respect > those who respect their ancestry, like these Canadian descendants of > Tories. > But perhaps the article is understandably a bit one-sided and not fully > provident of context. For example: <snip>

Thank you Pat. Best wishes. Bob

I did make a correection. Rafertach was not the wife of Helgi but rather his mother and the wife of his father Eyvind "the Easterling" Austman. I have traced the genealogy from the saga both on the side of Helgi and his wife Hyrnna Thorunn. She was the daughter of Ketil and Ingveld daughter of Ketil Wether who was Hersir (war lord). Thorunn's father Ketil descends on the maternal side from King Haleyg of Helgeland. Michael O'Hearn --------------------------------- Everyone is raving about the all-new Yahoo! Mail beta.

THE GREEN FIELDS OF AMERICA Farewell to the groves of shillelagh and shamrock, Farewell to the girls of old Ireland all around. May your hearts be as merry as ever you could find them, As far away over the ocean I am bound. For me mother is old and me father's quite feeble, To leave their own country 'twould grieve their hearts full sore; Oh, the tears down their cheeks in great drops they are rolling, To think I must die upon some foreign shore. But what matter to me where my bones may lie buried, If in peace and contentment I can spend my life? Oh, the green fields of Canada they daily are calling, And there I'll see an end to my misery and strife, So it's pack up your sea-stores, consider no longer, For ten dollars a week is not very bad pay, With no taxes or tithes to devour up your wages When you're on the green fields of America. The lint-dams are gone and the looms are now idle, Gone are the winders of baskets and creels; Away o'er the ocean go journeymen, ploughboys, And fiddlers who flaked out the old mountain reels. But I mind the time when old Ireland was flourishing, When most of our tradesmen did work for good pay, But since our manufacturies have crossed the Atlantic, It's now we must follow unto America. So now to conclude and to finish my ditty, If ever friendless Irishman chances my way, With the best in the house I will greet him in welcome, At home on the green fields of America, So it's pack up your sea-stores, consider no longer, For ten dollars a week is not very bad pay, With no taxes or tithes to devour up your wages, When you're on the green fields of America. Note - The 15th Annual Appalachian & Bluegrass and Folk Music Festival took place (Sept 1-3 in 2006) at the Ulster American Folk Park, Omagh, Co. Tyrone, Northern Ireland. For more info on the folk park's upcoming events: www.folkpark.com. Researchers with Scots-Irish roots may also be interested in Mick MOLONEY's book, "Far From the Shamrock Shore: The Story of Irish American History Through Song," and/or his article in the May-June 2005 issue of Dublin's "Ireland of the Welcomes" magazine, www.irelandofthewelcomes.com. A teacher, musician and author, Mr. MOLONEY also participates in music tours to Ireland, details from www.mickmoloney.com.

Message sent to Janet Crawford: Michael O'Hearn --------------------------------- Have a burning question? Go to Yahoo! Answers and get answers from real people who know.

SNIPPET: Researchers interested in the history of Colonial America and Canada, whose own ancestors (or those of their spouse) took part in the "losing side of the war" - colonists who fled north rather than join the Revolution, Canada's Tories - should find interesting a six-page article in the January 2004 issue of "Smithsonian" magazine called "Divided Loyalties," with colorful photos and old maps. Recently, participants (costumed re-enactors) came from all over Maritime Canada - the Atlantic Seaboard provinces of New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island, to celebrate the 225th anniversary of DeLANCEY's Brigade, one of the 53 Loyalist regiments that fought alongside the British during America's Revolutionary War. Up from Shelburne, Nova Scotia, came the Prince of Wales American Regiment. The Royal American Fencibles crossed the Bay of Fundy from Yarmouth. So did officers from the Kings Orange Rangers in Liverpool. In the drafty Gothic church in the center of St. John, NB, amid the rustle of women's petticoats and the flash of regimental swords, there was a cast of characters straight out of Colonial America: a parson garbed in black, wearing the swallow-tailed collar of an Anglican cleric, and a buckskinned spy with the British Indian Department, who confided "he was busy organizing Iroquois raids on the Continental Army." Some were seated at a table groaning under the weight of 18th-century-style comestibles - a tureen of turnip soup made from a 1740 recipe; a bowl of heirloom apples not sold commercially in more than a century; and a marzipan dessert shaped to resemble a hedgehog. At the regimental gathering, there was lamentations on General BURGOYNE's blunder at the Battle of Saratoga in 1777 and congratulations on how well Loyalist were fighting in the Carolinas. Perhaps as many as one in five Americans had preferred to stay loyal to Britain and King George, and many families, including those of the founding fathers, had individuals who were Loyalists. Once the Declaration of Independence was signed, most states enacted restrictive "Test Acts" that required their citizens to formally denounce the British Crown and swear allegiance to his or her resident state. Those who failed to take the oath was subject to imprisonment , double and triple taxations, confiscations of property and banishment. Neither could they collect debts, buy land or defend themselves in court. Connecticut made it illegal for these Loyalists to criticize Congress of the Connecticut General Assembly. South Carolina required supporters of the Crown to make reparations to victims of all robberies committed in their counties. Congress quarantined the entire population of Queens County, NY, for its reluctance to join patriot militias! Anti-Tory sentiment was especially intense in Massachusetts. When 1,000 Loyalists fled Boston along with British general William HOWE in March 1776, Colonists sang: "The Tories with their brats and wives/ Should fly to save their wretched lives." By the spring of 1783, a massive refugee exodus was under way. At the time when the total population of America was about 2.5 million, an estimated 100,000 Tories, up to 2,000 Indians (most of them Iroquois) and perhaps 6,000 former slaves were forced to leave the country. The Iroquois crossed into Canada. Many slaves who had agreed to fight for Britain, went to Nova Scotia; many of them later immigrated to Sierra Leone. Several thousand Tories moved to the Bahamas. Another 10,000 settled in Jamaica and the rest of the British West Indies. Florida, then a British possession, was swamped with new arrivals, as was Ontario, then known as Upper Canada. But the largest number, perhaps as many as 40,000 in all, headed for the British colony of Nova Scotia. Per Elizabeth LOWE, a fifth-generation descendant of Benedict ARNOLD's cousin Oliver. "We grew up with the knowledge that our ancestors were refugees who had been robbed and tortured because of their loyalty. We may have learned to accept the Americans, but we will never forget our history." In 2001 the United Empire Loyalists (UEL) published a curriculum aid for history teachers entitled 'The Loyalists: Pioneers and Settlers of the Maritimes.' "We distributed it free of charge to all of the schools, but I don't think it is being used," says Frances MORRISEY, a UEL descendant of one of New Brunswick's founding fathers. "Loyalists gave Canada peace, order and good government, but now they're being forgotten." Saint John's mayor, Shirley McALARY, was not as concerned, although she did acknowledge that Loyalist people are growing older, their children are leaving as new people move in. Curiously, Tories suffered even at the hands of British officers who, for the most part, dismissed them as ignorant provincials. The British especially distrusted Loyalist militia regiments, claiming that they were slow to follow orders and often went off on their own to seek revenge against those who had destroyed their property. Per the article - this contemptuous attitude may explain why Lord CORNWALLIS, when he surrendered at Yorktown in 1781, yielded to WASHINGTON's demand that Tories be turned over to victorious Continental soldiers as prisoners of state, not war, thus allowing them to be executed as traitors. Loyalist pride endures. Says a Tory: "My forefathers stood for their beliefs." Adherence to English tradition is prized in Shelburne founded by Loyalist refugees in 1783, and Fredericton, where the twice-daily changing of the guard remains a popular ritual. In St. John, NB's burial ground the visitors inspect 18th-century tombstones - the grave markers laid out in the pattern of a Union Jack, reflecting fierce loyalty to Britain. As an aside - there is evidently a considerable presence of Irish in St. John, New Brunswick.

> > Mary, born Dec 1876 in Ireland, Katie, born ? 1880 in Ireland, Agnes, > born Feb 1881 in Ireland These births are all after civil registration in Ireland and you should be able to find them through Family History Library films, or by ordering their birth certs from Ireland via: http://www.groireland.ie/ The New York City births have also been filmed by the Family History Library. Both sets of films take a two step process. First you use the index, then from the index you will get info that will help you order the actual film with the birth certificate. -- Pat Connors, Sacramento CA http://www.connorsgenealogy.com

I just noticed a mistake. Rafarta (Rafertach) was actually the mother of Helgi. She was married to Helgi's father Eyvind "The Easterling" Austmann Bjarnasson. Michael O'Hearn ____________________________________________________________________________________ Never Miss an Email Stay connected with Yahoo! Mail on your mobile. Get started! http://mobile.yahoo.com/services?promote=mail

I came across a post from March 17, 2004 regarding the surname Halley / Hally / Ally. I am actually a fourth cousin of one of the persons on the list as we are both descended from Michael Hawley and Kate English of Aughavanlomaun, County Tipperary near Newcastle whose family settled in Outagamie County, Wisconsin. I agree with the family historian Rev. Patrick Woulfe that the name is probably of Danish origin and places their original location near Templemore in Tipperary, also citing mention of merchants of the name during later centuries in Cashel and in Killamock, County Limerick. I have found this bit of information from the Clan McLeod website: "Thus Bálki became Páice (William Matheson, “The Ancestry of the MacLeods”, p. 73) and Helgi became Ailche (Alfred P. Smyth (1979) Scandinavian York and Dublin, Volume II pp. 20 & 356; Ailche is a genitive form)." See also the website for: "Old Norse Forms of Early Irish Names" by Brian M. Scott (Talan Gwynek) where "Ailche" is equivalent to the Norse "Helgi" meaning holy or blessed (Old Norse "heilagr"). There were several of the name Helgi for this time period from Norway and Denmark. I believe that the name derives from Helgi Magri (Helgi the Lean) from Norway whose life is recorded in the Laxdaela Saga. He married Rafarta, daughter of Kjarval, the Irish king of Ossory who has been identified with King Cearbhall of that time. The family later emigrated to Iceland. This Helgi had a mixed religion believing in both Christ and in the Norse god Thor. O'Hart may be correct in saying that O'hAilche is a branch of O'Kennedy of Ormond descended fron Donncuan because of the supposed location of the sept as mentioned by O'Heerin in his continuation of O'Dugan's Topographical Poem, which O'Hart takes to be in northern Tipperary and northwest Kilkenny which is in the Ormond territory of the O'Kennedy clan. They may have become part of the sept through adoption or some other means. In the Annals of Ulster there are several references to a son of Ailche, Tomar mac Ailche, who was an independent Viking chieftain of Limerick who was involved in raiding expeditions in a struggle between Dublin and Limerick, allying with the Ui Imair (descendants of Ivar) against Godfrid and Amlaib (Olafr) of Dublin. One of these raids by Ailche's son was against the monastery of Clonmacnois in 922 AD. There were also other septs anglicized Halley, Hally, and Haly. These include the O'hAinle sept of Clare with branches in Limerick and Cork (also sometimes Anglicized as O'Hanly), and the Mulhalls of Waterford are sometimes Halley in Waterford and Tipperary. According to O'Hart, the sept of O'hAilgaith in southern Galway has also been anglicized as Halley or Hally. Dan Hawley of Newcastle, County Tipperary has advised me that he believes that the O'Ailche sept originated in southern Tipperary near the present location of Newcastle where many Halley families now live, based on the fact that Geoffrey Keating grew up just west of Newcastle and supposedly was of the opinion that the location of the O'hAilche sept was in that area. This I have not been able to confirm. Michael O'Hearn ____________________________________________________________________________________ No need to miss a message. Get email on-the-go with Yahoo! Mail for Mobile. Get started. http://mobile.yahoo.com/mail

Hello. I am trying to find information on my cousins from Manhattan in the early 1900's. Joseph Langley and his wife Mary, both born in Ireland. Ch ildren, Mary, born Dec 1876 in Ireland, Katie, born ? 1880 in Ireland, Agnes, born Feb 1881 in Ireland, Lucy, born Dec 1882 in NY, Daughter, ? bornApril 1884 in NY,William, born Feb 1887 in NY, and Hugh, born Dec 1891. Also looking for info on William Offenhauser and his wife Mary Langley, married June 21 1903 in NY, William was born in Germany, Mary in Ireland. Also looking for the family of John Tracy and his wife Catherine Langley, also living in NY in the early 1900 s, Thank you. And a Happy New Year. Best wishes. Bob Tennihan. South Boston, MA

In a message dated 1/7/2007 1:26:29 PM Eastern Standard Time, [email protected] writes: I'm trying to find out more about Michael Ryan who was born in County Cork, Ireland, on 25th September 1861 Perhaps this is he? Can you place him with a child or somesuch? Eliz Name: Michael Ryan Home in 1880: Waterbury, New Haven, Connecticut Age: 20 Estimated birth year: abt 1860 Birthplace: Ireland Relation to head-of-household: Son Father's birthplace: Ire Mother's name: Ann Mother's birthplace: Ire Neighbors: View others on page Occupation: Works In Buckle Shop Marital Status: Single Race: White Gender: Male Cannot read/write: Blind: Deaf and dumb: Otherwise disabled: Idiotic or insane: View image Household Members: Name Age Ann Ryan 55 Thomas Ryan 25 Mary A. Ryan 22 Keron Ryan 20 Michael Ryan 20

I have just added the following tithe applotments to my website. County Kilkenny: Danesfort Civil Parish Tullaherin Civil Parish County Limerick: Darragh Civil Parish Inch Civil Parish -- Pat Connors, Sacramento CA http://www.connorsgenealogy.com

SNIPPET: The May 2005 issue of "Smithsonian" magazine has an article 'Overcoming Polio' accompanied with several photos including one of Vice President Richard. M. NIXON at a 1955 'March of Dimes' publicity event with pretty little poster child Carol BOYER. Fifty years now after Jonas SALK's successful vaccine, a new exhibition at the Smithsonian Museum traces the disease in U. S. History, including its impact on children whose lives would never be the same. Nearly half a million children and adults contracted polio in the United States before medical researchers announced, 50 years ago last month, that Jonas SALK and his co-workers had developed the first successful vaccine to prevent this disease. The National Museum of American History exhibition, "Whatever Happened to Polio?" explores the social, cultural and political impact of the affliction, now nearly faded from American memory. Peter SALK was 9 when his father tested his still-experimental vaccine on himself, his wife and his three young sons in their Wexford, PA kitchen: "I was a kid who didn't enjoy injections, to put it mildly. I would object, defer and delay as much as possible. But I had total trust in him; he had something that he knew worked and he wanted his kids protected. He was absolutely dedicated. But he was not a person who was bent on achieving something on a personal level. He saw there was a need, and he did everything in his power to meet the need. I remember having this thought when I was standing in the kitchen that my father was an important person in the world. ... " Carol BOYER contracted polio at age 3 in 1952. Two years later, the Washington, D. C. youngster's picture was featured on a 'March of Dimes' poster" "I was getting out of bed to go to the bathroom and my legs went out from under me. I crawled to my parents' room and they rushed me to to the hospital. I was there for six months, going through hours of physical therapy. I had to sleep with my feet strapped to a board with shoes on them so I wouldn't walk pigeon-toed. Those of us who have survived polio feel like we wear our own badge of courage. Being a poster child was this Hollywood-like experience. One day the March of Dimes press people brought a tiny red convertible around ... and I got my picture taken with Vice President NIXON at a gas station. He pumped gas for other people's cars and spilt gas on his trousers. I was so excited to meet someone famous.". Cyndi JONES contracted polio in 1954 when she was almost 3. She was appalled three years later when a photograph of her wearing leg braces appear on a St. Louis flier and was labeled "Not This," to spur parents to vaccinate their children. "In an instant," she recalls, "I understood: this was how society views disability. I thought, I'm cute, I'm smart, why wouldn't someone want to be like me? As a child who become disabled early, I didn't see anything wrong with having a disability. It was just who I was. A lot of public health and charity campaigns employ what I term negative use of disability. I think those campaigns for prevention should be outlawed ... "