Dear List... Could anyone out there explain what the abbreviation Rhd means? I thought it meant Richard but now I am not to sure. Below are the two bits of information I found which uses it. Croasdaile (Rhd) Richard of Corbally, Queens Co. to miss Dunn of the same place-24 Oct. 1774 Croasdaile (Rhd) Rynn-Miss Sandys d. of Lancelot. Kilcaven, Queens Co. 10 Sept. 1775 I am assuming the first is a marriage announcement and the second is possibly one also. Does the "d" in the second one mean "daughter of" Lancelot? And if so, why didn't they put the first name of the groom? Thanks for any help you may be able to offer Michelle Wilson-VT. USA

Patrick Roach maried Julia Devereux 02/03/1856, they had the following known children so far. Mary Roach , Baptism record 02/16/1857 monagrihm Michael Roach , Baptism record 06/19/1859 monagrihm lawrence Roach , Baptism record 12/08/1861 monagrihm Julia's parents where James Devereux and mary Doyle. Julia had the following known siblings. Thomas Devereux , who is my ancestor went to America in 1864 Michael Devereux. he was in Baltimore in 1864. but possibly returned back to ireland Judy Devereux Mary Devereux looking for anyone who may have information. Thomas Devereux maried margaret jane Callan/callen in Mauch chunk Carbon county Pennsylvania. Margaret's parents where Peter Callen/Callan and Jane Morgan. they came to America in july 1850. from Louth county in Ireland. accompanied the Callan/Callen family was jane's little sister Catherine who was 18 when she left Louth county ireland. and they all settled in Mauch Chunk Carbon county Pennsylvania.

We study history to learn, and in doing so, hopefully, we can avoid repeating mistakes of the past. THE GREAT STARVATION AND BRITISH IMPERIALISM IN IRELAND by Seamus Metress University of Toledo http://wwwvms.utexas.edu/~jdana/iphunger.html from The Irish People Jan. 10, 1996 In recent months there has been a great deal of discussion about what to call the tragedy that accompanied the failure of the potato crop in Ireland between 1845-50. Our nomenclature today can be an important part of educating the public about what really happened during those awful years. In this context let us consider the nature of what I would prefer to call the "Great Starvation". One hundred fifty years ago in the late summer of 1845 one of the greatest human ecological disasters in the history of the world began in Ireland. A fungus from North America established itself in Ireland and commenced to destroy the potato crop. When the fungus had run its course at least 1 1/1 million, possibly as many as 2 million, Irish had died and another 1 1/2 million had emigrated. No one can fully capture in words the magnitude or the intensity of the suffering and hardship endured by the Irish people from 1845-1850. The potato failure of the mid to late 1840's has been variably referred to as "The Great Hunger","The Great Famine" and "The Great Starvation." One's choice of words to describe this colossal human tragedy is often determined by political ideology or personal agenda. Irish landowners referred to the time period as that of "The Great Hunger." Most of these landowners were absentee and did not experience first hand the ravages of the potato blight. They, unlike their tenants, were not dependent on the potato for their survival. While potatoes rotted in the fields, landowners continued to eat a varied diet. The British call it "The Great Famine." The scarcity of food was blamed on the weather, the potato fungus and, perhaps, most of all on the Malthusian notion of overpopulation. The Irish had overbred and there wasn't enough food to feed them all given the crop failure. However, as Frank O'Connor once observed, "Famine is a useful word when you do not wish to use words like 'genocide' and 'extermination.'" These latter terms are philosophically embodied in "The Great Starvation," which is a more realistic way to refer to the time period when Irish peasants starved in the midst of plenty, Wheat, oats, barley, butter, eggs, beef and pork were exported from Ireland in large quantities during the so-called "famine." In fact, eight ships left Ireland daily carrying these many foodstuffs. Starvation among the peasants is blamed on a colonial system that made them dependent on the potato in the first place. Racist insensitivity toward the plight of the starving masses also played a major role in the death and large-scale emigration which marked this time. The British failed to take swift and comprehensive action in the force of Ireland's disaster. In 1861 in The Last Conquest of Ireland, John Mitchel wrote: "The Almighty indeed sent the potato blight but the English created the famine," Mitchell further observed that "a million and half men, women and children were carefully, prudently and peacefully slain by the English government. The died of hunger in the midst of abundance which their own hands created." Such sentiment expressed by an Irishman who witnessed the horrors inflicted upon his countrymen will always linger, refuting revisionist attempts to obscure reality. In recent years there has been an effort among Tory revisionists to soften the trauma of the period and downplay the role of the British. This is especially evident in the tendency to reduce the estimates of the number of deaths related to the starvation. Most of these apologists have suggested there were much less than a million deaths, while some estimates go as low as 250,000. Even these incorrect estimates are appalling given that they occurred only a short distance from the heart of the most powerful and wealthy empire the world has ever known. We suppose that such an approach is an attempt to lessen the blame that should be placed upon the British or in some sense to veil the magnitude of the tragedy. These same apologist feel that there was nothing that any government could have done to ameliorate the situation. The poor British tried, but were simply overwhelmed by the logistics of the operation. In their view the starvation was the inevitable outcome of demography and the prevalent economic theory of the day. It would appear that one of the major purposes of Irish revisionism is to undermine the basis of Irish nationalism and leave Ireland without heroes or historical memory. It also plays down the British responsibility for the catastrophic aspects of the Irish experience. Though they alternately whimper or crow about their quest for detached truth, Anglo-Irish revisionists attempt to present sociopolitical propaganda under the guise of scholarly writing. They choose to forget that British rule in Ireland was guided by the rope and the bayonet. British apologists would do well to ponder the words of the great British writer William Makepiece Thackeray who characterized British colonialism in Ireland as follows: "...It is a frigthful document against ourselves...one of the most melancholy stories in the whole world of insolence, rapine, brutal, endless slaughter and persecution on the part of the English master,...There is no crime ever invented by eastern or western barbarians, no torture or Roman persecution or Spanish Inquisition, no tyranny of Nero or Alva but can be matched in the history of England in Ireland." It is time for us to stop using the euphemism "Irish potato famine" for two reasons. First, it is wrong because there was no shortage of food in Ireland. Secondly, it was not simply an "Irish famine" but a starvation based on systematic British exploitation of the Irish people, inaction in the face of the potato crop failure, and a vindictive, racist attitude toward the Irish. The events of 1845-1850 were truly a holocaust. Indeed in 1904 Michael Davitt, the founder of the Irish Land League called it a holocaust. It is not something for the Irish and Irish Americans to forget. Why is it that we are told to stop living in the past or that we have too long a memory? Would anyone ask Jews to forget the Nazi atrocities against their people? Should Native Americans forget the massacres at Sand Creek and Wounded Knee? Would we suggest that African Americans forget the horrors of the middle passage? How can we learn from the past if we are ignorant of its successes, failures, an abominations? In the words of the Irish patriot labor leader James Connolly, "The English administration of Ireland during the famine was a colossal crime against the human race." We should not forget our holocaust orchestrated by English imperialists and we should not let the world forget. In August 1989, during an address on Grosse Ile, Canada, Dr. Edward J. Brennan, Ireland's ambassador to Canada, noted: "The Great Famine was Ireland's holocaust (which) condemned the Irish to be the first boat people of modern Europe." None of us can truly understand the nature of their privations, but we all can take this opportunity to pay tribute to the memory of those who died and the courage of those who survived. May their ghosts know that we still care. Let us not dare to forget the terrible death and suffering that occurred between 1845 and 1850. In fact we should indelibly fix it in our personal and collective memory for we are our ancestors.

I have some work on this online now at the Cavan website set forth below. Please take a look and, if you would like to volunteer for the project, please let me know. Also, if you find a family member there, I would love to know that also. http://www.irelandgenweb.com/~cavan/cavan.html Scott down until you see the heading: All-Ireland Birth Index. Thank you. Denise Wells IRL-CAVAN Rootsweb mail listowner Co. Cavan, IrelandGenWeb Project coordinator http://www.irelandgenweb.com/~cavan/cavan.html Co. Longford, IrelandGenWeb Project coordinator http://www.irelandgenweb.com/~longford/longford.html

A very big "Thank You" to all that responded to my query on some place names. I now have a better idea of which county to look in for some information. Michelle Wilson-VT. FARLEY, MAGEE, LEMON, ADAMS, WELLS, MORRIS, MUNDALL, TUKE, QUINNELL, McMILLAN, CLOVER, CROASDAILE.

Cindy, I emailed you my response privately. Let me know if you don't receive it. Cynthia

Hi list, Been having problems with some of my emails downloading completely. Does anyone have the following back issue dated 20 March 2002, Wednesday, volume 2, issue 66 that they could email me? Actually, I just interested in the reply from the Milligans about the Graham family. Thanx a bunch for your help, Cindy

Although the poetess does not identify where in England she once lived, I thought this was a delightful poem for this Easter weekend -- especially on the sad occasion of the passing of the Queen Mother. AWAY FROM HOME How did I ever leave England, the land that was there from my start, from the rain-scented days of my childhood to the summers that captured my heart? I was so young and unknowing when I saw her recede, from the air. My life stretched before me, unending, and my England would always be there. I couldn't have dreamed how I'd miss her, how I'd yearn for her temperate clime, for the family and friends that I left there, for a simpler and more tranquil time. How the call of the islands is magic! It haunts every daytime and night, from the mountains and mist-laden valleys to the villages tucked out of sight. So give me, oh, give me my England, when my feet are too tired to go on, and I'll wear all her daisies in my bonny hair long after the greyness is gone! Give me, oh, give me my England! I will sing her forever in song! For it's there I was born, and it's there I'll return, to the land where I truly belong! -- Ann Rayner, Van Nuys, CA USA, "Best of British, Past & Present "

COUNTY SLIGO In Sligo the country was soft; there were turkeys Gobbling under sycamore trees And the shadows of clouds on the mountains moving Like browsing cattle at ease. And little distant fields were sprigged with haycocks And splashed against a white Roadside cottage a welter of nasturtium Deluging the sight, And pullets pecking the flies from around the eyes of heifers Sitting in farmyard mud Among hydrangeas and the falling ear-rings Of fuchsias red as blood. But in Mayo the tumbledown walls went leap-frog Over the moors, The sugar and salt in the pubs were damp in the casters And the water was brown as beer upon the shores Of desolate loughs, and stumps of hoary bog-oak Stuck up here and there And as the twilight filtered on the heather Water-music filled the air, And when the night came down upon the bogland With all-enveloping wings The coal-black turf-stacks rose against the darkness Like the tombs of nameless kings. -- Louis MacNeice (1907-- )

>From George and Irish Heritage for sending this news, and our condolences -- Britain's Queen Mother Dies at 101 Reuters LONDON (March 30) - The Queen Mother, the 101-year-old mother of Britain's Queen Elizabeth, died in her sleep on Saturday, Buckingham Palace said. The Queen Mother, the widow of King George VI and a rock of support behind her eldest daughter Queen Elizabeth, 75, died after a period of increasing frailty. Buckingham Palace said: ''The Queen, with the greatest sadness, has asked for the following announcement to be made immediately. ''Her beloved mother, Queen Elizabeth, died peacefully in her sleep this afternoon, at Royal Lodge, Windsor.'' Her death adds personal tragedy to a succession of domestic traumas suffered by the royal family in recent years, most recently the death on February 9 of her younger daughter, Princess Margaret at the age of 71. The ''Queen Mum,'' as she was affectionately known, was the queen consort during World War Two and was the devoted companion of King George, who unexpectedly became king after his brother Edward VIII abdicated in 1936 to marry American divorcee Wallis Simpson. Nazi Germany's Adolf Hitler branded her the most dangerous woman in Europe for her morale boosting contribution to the British war effort after she refused to leave London to escape the wartime attacks called the ''Blitz'' and visited areas of the city damaged by bombing. To younger generations of Britons she was the nation's favorite grandmother, a smiling presence who was still carrying out public duties into her centenary. Left a widow in 1952, she became the matriarch of the royal House of Windsor and enjoyed a position as one of the best-loved members of the royal family, her popularity undimmed by the scandals of recent years affecting other royals. A Scottish aristocrat, she married the then Duke of York in 1923. In her service to the crown as duchess, queen consort and dowager, she is credited with bringing the old imperial monarchy closer to the people. Reut13:20 03-30-02 Jean

THOUGHTS AT THE MUSEUM One would not hope to meet the concentrated poignancy of "Sixteen" but it's there in a grey-green coat of Casement's a pierced soiled hat, in the gilt of a solitary button and the photograph of many a young head held high. And the soul of it's wove in the letters there "We do not fear to die" "I do not fear to die" "I shall watch the fight from above"... Then a little boy says hushedly "Kevin Barry -- see"; and reads aloud the proclamation. Words, words, words, So many relics of those dead. Did they fight for symbols unseen? And will others again fight for words, for a veiled Kathleen -- or united for an undivided free land for soil that the people will care and share for a land with a home and a life for the like of the wan little fellow there? -- Eileen Brennan (1913- )

Searching for George Eakin, born in Ireland abt 1825. Trying to find out where he was born, his parents and any siblings. His sister, Charlotte Eakin, married George Macauley. I found them coming to the US in 1855. Perhaps George Eakin came with them as he didn't get married until 1860 in Chicago, Illinois. If anyone has any info on these names I would be most interested. Thank you for your time, Judy in California Searching AUSTIN, BIRDSALL, CASE, EAKIN, FRAZELL, HAVENS, LEIM, MCCLENNON, ROCHELLE, SIMINGTON, STRICKLAND, VANGELDER/VANGALDER

You might want to check out the below urls for Cavan and Longford. I recently got them online, but hope to be adding to them over the coming weeks. Also, if you are researching in County Cavan and Longford, I have recently started a surname interest page that will be going online pretty soon. If you have an interest in a surname in these two counties, please send me an email privately with your surname and any other information you would like to include, along with the email address to which you would like someone to respond to you at. Thanks. Denise Wells IRL-CAVAN Rootsweb mail listowner Co. Cavan, IrelandGenWeb Project coordinator http://www.irelandgenweb.com/~cavan/cavan.html Co. Longford, IrelandGenWeb Project coordinator http://www.irelandgenweb.com/~longford/longford.html

Hope that these names might sound familiar to someone out there as I don't seem to be able to find get any further. They all came from around the Limerick area so if anyone has access to any records that they would be able to check for information I would be very grateful or any hints as to any online records that may be available or any thing else They are my Paternal family JOHN KAVANAGH occupation farmer [taken from sons marriage cert] WILLIAM KAVANAGH be 1887approx poss Glenameade Co Limerick married BRIDGET McMHON 3 children John b1909 Glenamedemarried BRIDGET CARROL of Rathkeale Bridget [know as Deliah b1911 Glenameade married BILL WILLIAMS. Maryliz b?Glenameade BRIDGET McMHON then died and WILLIAM married ELIZABETH PURCELL married 25.November 1916 R.CChurch of Askeaton and had 9 children WILLIAM KAVANAGH b 27.11.1917 Glenameade d 23.3.1991 [my Dad] JOSEPH KAVANAGH b 10.11 1919 Glenameade JOHANNA KAVANAGH b 21.10.1920 Glenameade [know as Josephine] SIMON KAVANAGH b 7.7.1924 Glenameade MICHAEL KAVANAGH b 20 10.1926 Glenameade THOMAS KAVANAGH b 7.11 1927 Glenameade PHILOMENA KAVANAGH b 24.10.1930 Croom Hospital PATRICK KAVANAGH b 18.3.1932 Croom Hospital Thank you Teresa. [Somerset U.K.

Hello everyone! I am posting a request for a friend who does not have email at the present time. She is looking for anyone who might be searching the family name Fitzgerald. Her ancester is Michael James Fitzgerald, born 3 Mar 1855 in Lexington, Lafayette, Missouri. He was married to Mary Matilda Ferguson on 20 Jun 1885 in Ibapah, Tooele, Utah. She was born 22 Jun 1868 in Ibapah, Tooele, Utah. All that is known about the parents of Michael is that they were born in Ireland. My friend thinks that maybe Michael's parents are Michael Fitzgerald born 1827 in Ireland. He married 21 June 1854 in Lexington, Lafayette, Missouri to Luzetta Matilda Mozier. Other children born to them besides Michael is Frank and Sadie (these names are known by word of mouth from family members and may have been nicknames) Well, this is all she knows of her family so far. If any of these names sound familiar, please respond to this email and I will get the information to her. Thanks so much! Sincerely, Jeanie Hanson

i am in hopes of contacting anyone with this name, and these people. they came here abord the Star of the West. from Liverpool and landed in baltimore. they settled in Mauch Chunk in carbon county pennsylvania. children for this couple. are Thomas Callan baptised june 22nd 1837 in Dundalk, louth county Ireland. Roman catholic church. Peter Callan June 26th 1846 in daid county above. they where of Casteltown in 1850 they came to america. listed are these names. of thier children Catherine age 18, John age 11, Margaret age 00 might had been actually 1 years old notice Thomas and brother Peter are not listed. perhaps they died. or where missed.? in hopes of locateing someone with a connection who may fill in a few answers. some of the names given as wittnesses to thier children's baptisms are as follows. Peter Mcbride , Anne Casey, Margaret Mcbride, P. Murphy. a possible mcbride connection. is jane Morgans mother's maiden name. so it may be. would love clarification on that rumor. best wishes sincerly david niswender

Seeking information on Peter Malone and his wife Sophia. Their son Henry, born 1806 in County Tyrone went to Manchester, England where he married Ann Slater, in 1832. The following are known children of this couple: John, Peter, Henry, Josiah, George. The family later came to U.S. eventually settling in Fall River, Massachusetts. Thanks for any help Paula

Seeking information on Peter Malone and his wife Sophia. Their son Henry, born 1806 in County Tyrone went to Manchester, England where he married Ann Slater, in 1832. The following are known children of this couple: John, Peter, Henry, Josiah, George. The family later came to U.S. eventually settling in Fall River, Massachusetts. Thanks for any help

Hi All! OK. I feel stupid! I posted an e-mail last night, looking for Charles and Rose but I neglected to put the last name. So sorry. My only excuse is that it was late and I was tired. The surname is McConaghy. I am looking for other descendants of them. Alexander McConaghy was my gggrandfather. Please contact me if you think we have a common ancestor. Thank you and sorry again! Christine

Dear List: I am hoping someone out there is working on the same family tree that I am. My gggrandfather Alexander, son of Charles and Rose, immigrated from Ireland when he was one or two years old. He was born in Ireland in July of 1832 or 1833. He married Johanna in 1866, in Philadelphia. They had eight children that survived. If this rings any bells, please contact me. Thank you. Christine Taylor