OLD OCCUPATIONS Accomptant - Accountant Almoner- Giver of charity to the needy Amanuensis - Secretary or stenographer Artificer - A soldier mechanic who does repairs Bailie - Bailiff Baxter - Baker Bluestocking - Female writer Boniface - Keeper of an inn Brazier - One who works with brass Brewster - Beer manufacturer Brightsmith - Metal Worker Burgonmaster - Mayor Caulker - One who filled up cracks (in ships or windows or seems to make them watertight by using tar or oakum-hem fiber produced by taking old ropes apart. Chaisemaker - Carriage maker Chandler - Dealer or trader; one who makes or sells candles; retailer of groceries, ship supplier Chiffonnier - Wig maker Clark - Clerk Clerk - Clergyman, cleric Clicker - The servant of a salesman who stood at the door to invite customers; one who received the matter in the galley from the compositors and arranged it in due form ready for printing; one who makes eyelet holes in boots using a machine which clicked. Cohen - Priest Collier - Coal miner Colporteur - Peddler of books Cooper - One who makes or repairs vessels made of staves & hoops,such as casks, barrels, tubs, etc. Cordwainer - Shoemaker, originally any leather worker using leather from Cordova/Cordoba in Spain Costermonger - Peddler of fruits and vegetables Crocker - Potter Crowner - Coroner Currier - One who dresses the coat of a horse with a currycomb;one who tanned leather by incorporating oil or grease Docker - Stevedore, dock worker who loads and unloads cargo Dowser - One who finds water using a rod or witching stick Draper - A dealer in dry goods Drayman - One who drives a long strong cart without fixed sides for carrying heavy loads Dresser- A surgeon's assistant in a hospital Drover - One who drives cattle, sheep, etc. to market; a dealer in cattle Duffer - Peddler Factor - Agent, commission merchant; one who acts or transacts business for another; Scottish steward or bailiff of an estate. Farrier - A blacksmith, one who shoes horses Faulkner- Falconer Fellmonger - One who removes hair or wool from hides in preparation for leather making Fletcher - One who made bows and arrows Fuller - One who fulls cloth;one who shrinks and thickens woolen cloth by moistening, heating, and pressing; one who cleans and finishes cloth Gaoler - A keeper of the goal, a jailer Glazier - Window glassman Hacker - Maker of hoes Hatcheler - One who combed out or carded flax Haymonger - Dealer in hay Hayward - Keeper of fences Higgler - Itinerant peddler Hillier - Roof tiler Hind - A farm laborer Holster - A groom who took care of horses, often at an inn Hooker - Reaper Hooper - One who made hoops for casks and barrels Huckster - Sells small wares Husbandman - A farmer who cultivated the land Jagger - Fish peddler Journeyman - One who had served his apprenticeship and mastered his craft, not bound to serve a master, but hired by the day. Joyner / Joiner - A skilled carpenter Keeler - Bargeman Kempster - Wool comber Lardner - Keeper of the cupboard Lather - Installer of lath strips in old-time walls Lavender - Washer woman Lederer - Leather maker Leech - Physician Longshoreman - Stevedore Lormer - Maker of horse gear Malender - Farmer Maltster - Brewer Manciple - A steward Mason - Bricklayer Mintmaster - One who issued local currency Monger - Seller of goods (ale, fish) Muleskinner - Teamster Neatherder - Herds cows Ordinary Keeper- Innkeeper with fixed prices Pattern Maker - A maker of a clog shod with an iron ring. A clog was a wooden pole with a pattern cut into the end Peregrinator - Itinerant wanderer Peruker - A wig maker Pettifogger - A shyster lawyer Pigman - Crockery dealer Plumber - One who applied sheet lead for roofing andset lead frames for plain or stained glass windows. Porter - Door keeper Puddler - Wrought iron worker Quarrier- Quarry worker Rigger - Hoist tackle worker Ripper - Seller of fish Roper - Maker of rope or nets Saddler - One who makes, repairs or sells saddles or other furnishings for horses. Sawbones- Physician Sawyer - One who saws; carpenter Schumacker - Shoemaker Scribler - A minor or worthless author Scrivener - Professional or public copyist or writer; notary public Scrutiner - Election judge Shrieve / SheriffSlater - Roofer Slopseller- Seller of ready-made clothes in a slop shop Snobscat / Snob - One who repaired shoes Sorter - Tailor Spinster - A woman who spins or an unmarried woman Spurrer - Maker of spurs Squire - Country gentleman; farm owner; justice of peace Stuff gown - Junior barrister Stuff gownsman - Junior barrister Supercargo - Officer on merchant ship who is in charge of cargo and the commercial concerns of the ship. Tanner - One who tans (cures) animal hides into leather Tapley - One who puts the tap in an ale cask Tasker - Reaper Teamster - One who drives a team for hauling Thatcher - Roofer Tide waiter - Customs inspector Tinker - An itinerant tin pot and pan seller and repairman Tipstaff - Policeman Travers - Toll bridge collection Tucker - Cleaner of cloth goods Turner - A person who turns wood on a lathe into spindles Victualer - A tavern keeper, or one who provides an army, navy, or ship with food Vulcan - Blacksmith Wagoner - Teamster not for hire Wainwright - Wagon maker Waiter - Customs officer or tide waiter; one who waited on the tide to collect duty on goods brought in. Waterman - Boatman who plies for hire Webster - Operator of looms Wharfinger - Owner of a wharf Wheelwright - One who made or repaired wheels; wheeled carriages,etc. Whitesmith - Tinsmith; worker of iron who finishes or polishes the work Whitewing - Street sweeper Whitster - Bleach of cloth Wright - Workman, especially a construction worker Yeoman - Farmer who owns his own land -- more -- Abraham Man - Beggar, "pretended lunatic" Aromatarius - Grocer. Badger - Also Higgler and Peddar - intinerant trader, usually of food.. Bairman or Bareman -- Pauper Ale Draper - Innkeeper Alnager - ]Sworn officer appt. to examine, attest to measurment, quality of woolen goods. Archdeacon - Bishop's deputy. Bailiff - Employed by lord of manor to administer some farms and lands. Overall administration was in the hands of a Steward. Barker - A tanner of leather. Beadle - Parish or ward officer, often associated with administration of Poor Law. Bowyer - Maker or dealer in archery bows, or an archer. Broderers - Embroiderers. Burriarius - Dairyman. Cadger - Carrier or Pedlar of small wares by means of a horse & cart. Chapman - Dealer in small wares. Classman - Unemployed labourer. Collier -- Coal miner, originally a charcoal seller, later meant to be a coal miner or a sailor on a coal ship. Cottar - Cottager with small landholding, obliged to provide labour on the farm of the lord of the manor. Couper - One who buys and sells, especially cattle and hores - e.g. horse-couper, herring-couper. Couple Beggar - Itinerant "hedge-priest," priest of low status, often illiterate, who performed marriages before 1754. Crofter - Usual term ofr a Scottish smallholder. Occasional used for a bleacher or dyer in textile trades. Cutlers - Made swords, knives, instruments. Dexter - Dyer. Feroner - An Ironmonger. Flatman - Boatman. Fletcher - See Bowyer. Fogger - Pedlar, or headman at a farm, a groom or manservant, also Middleman in the nail and chain trade or farm labourer. (Pettifogger, low-class lawyer.) Frobisher or Furbisher - Armour polisher. F.W.K. - Stockinger, works with hand loom or Frame Work Knitter. Gaffer - In the building trade. Gaffman - Baliff. Garthman - Yardsman, herdsman - or worker in a fish-garth, dam for catching fish. Girdler - Belt maker. Glaziers - Painters of stained glass. Greave - Or Grieve -Baliff or foreman. Haberdasher - Or Milliners - Specializing in hats, ribbons, etc. Hawker - Traveling salesman with wares. Hellier - Hillier, Slater or tiler. Hind - Household servant or farm labourer. Hostellers - Innkeepers. Hostler - Or Ostler - Stableman at an inn, or person in charge of locomotives when not in use. Ironmonger - or Feroners - Dealer in iron. Jagger - Hawker, or dealer in fish, or person in charge of "jags"/coal trains in mines, or whocarries coal ore on pack-horses from mine. Maker-up - Garment assembler, chemist, or druggist. Upholders - Upholsterers, Loriner - Lorimer, Lormer - Maker of bits, spurs, ironwear for horses. Magistrate - Justice of the Peace. Mercer - Dealer in wool, silk, cotton, linen goods. Taylor - Tailor, merchant tailor. Neatherd - Cowherd. Pavior - Repairs paving stones. Poulter - Dealer in poultry and game. Salter - Maker or dealer of salt. Self-Acter Minder - Person who looked after the "self-acting" mule in a spinning machine. Shipwright - Maker of ships. Soliciter - Part of the legal profession, not necessarily University graduates, such as a Barrister would be; note, they are often harder to trace, but tended to make out their own wills. Troner - Official in charge of weighing with scales. Verderer - Officer responsible to preserve King's forest, or a Petty Constable. Whitesmith - Worker in tin.. Watch & Ward Men - Men appointed to police an area under supervision of Constable - i.e. Night watch or day watch. Watermen & Lightermen - Licensed by City of London to work on parts of the Thames. (Excellent records in manuscripts of Guildhall Library). Yeoman - Man holding (not necessarily owning) and cultivating small landed estate.