Am I still a subscriber or has everybody just stopped sending things thru this list? There hasnt been anything for a couple of days now, just curious. Cindy Marcie wrote: > -----Original Message----- > From: Marcie <[email protected]> > To: [email protected] <[email protected]> > Date: Wednesday, January 12, 2000 11:32 PM > Subject: RE: Don't let the WORD fool you . LOOK Phyllis ! > > >Hello listers, > > > >I just checked out a new genealogy Link site. Do not let the word 'virgin > ' > >fool you. > > > >This is ALL genealogy stuff and nothing else. Try it out. > > > >http://freespace.virgin.net/alan.tupman/sites/ > > > >Works great for all states. > >Marcie in IN. :) Check it out at home Phyllis. :) > >Thanks ! > > > >

Archibald Parker, born 1794 in North Carolina, married Elizabeth Patton in 1816 and lived in Sullivan County, Indiana during the 1820's. Elizabeth died about 1820/21. The next known wife of Archibald's was Dollie Langley, married about 1830/32 and lived in Delaware County. After the 1840 census the family moved to Madison County, Richland Township. Sometime in the 1840's Dollie died. Archibald then married Kiziah (also spelled Kissiah) Sutton, born in Ohio. Archibald and Kiziah are listed in the 1850 census for Richland Township. Would anyone have a date of marriage for Kiziah Sutton and Archibald Parker or perhaps even for Archibald and Dollie Langley? I understand from the Genealogical Helper that six counties, including Madison, do not as yet have the marriages up to 1850 on the internet. Any help is appreciated. Walter Wheeler [email protected] ______________________________________________________ Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com

Sarah, Thanks for looking...they were there and and raised children..but lost?? A A

I looked & looked, and could not find them. Can you direct me? Thanks!! Sarah -----Original Message----- From: [email protected] <[email protected]> To: [email protected] <[email protected]> Date: Wednesday, January 26, 2000 7:13 PM Subject: Re: [INMADISO-L] Madison Co. History Book >There are a couple of old Madison county Histories listed for sale at Barnes >& Noble (barnes&noble.com) under out of print books. Unfortunately, they >are in the $200 range. You might check it out. Barbara > >

This was sent to me and thought to share it with other listers. BJ in AZ SOUTHERN BUS DRIVER Date: Sat, 5 Feb 2000 12:49:43 EST A bus driver is conducting a tour of famous Civil War battle sites. "Here," he points out at one spot, "is where the Southern troops routed a whole regiment of Yankees. Over there, the Rebs wiped out a whole platoon of Yanks. Down about a mile, there's another valley where we captured a thousand Union soldiers." A tourist says, "Didn't the North ever win a battle?" "Yes ma'am. But not while I'm driving this bus." ~~~~~

I should have mentioned this in an earlier response. For those of you interested in early Eastern Tennessee, source for early land grants may be found in the book, NORTH CAROLINA LAND GRANTS IN TENNESSEE, 1778-1791, Betty Cartwright & Lillian Gardiner, Memphis TN, c. 1958.

Search for records in Abington VA. In 1777, VA formed the county of Washington, which included the Holston River section overlapping the NC claim. Many of the residents within the latter section believed they lived in Virginia. In November of that year, affixed their signatures to a petition protesting to the Virginia delegates the placing of the county seat at Black's Fort (now Abington VA), My family did not sign as they did not arrive until 1778, but his wife's family, the Webbs, from Berks Co PA, affixed their names, George, John, Jonathan and Benjamin Webb, to it. In 1779, the disputed area was surveyed and extended, The disputed area was found to be within the NC claim, and the county of Sullivan was erected from it. Even though Webb records may appear in Abington during this period, they were in the erected county of Sullivan. [email protected]

At 07:37 PM 1/29/00 EST, you wrote: >Dear List: > >I will be giving a talk before the Elwood/Pipe Creek Township Genealogy Club >on February 17. My subject will be "Some Pioneer Families of Madison >County". Because there are so many to choose from I have decided to pick one >family from each of the 15 townships. > >what I need from those of you on the Madison County List is biographical >information on each of these families which includes, birth, marriage and >death dates, wife's name, places of birth, marriage and death, burial place. >Also I need to know the occupations of each of these pioneers, clubs and >organizations they were affiliated with, religious persuasion, etc. Names of >children would be helpful. Also date they came to Madison County. > >Of course because of my work at the Anderson Public Library, I have access to >a lot of material but I thought descendants of these families might be able >to fill in the gaps. > >Thanks for your help in advance. > >If you are in the area you are more than welcomed to come and hear my >presentation - Thursday, FEb. 17, 2000, Elwood Public Library, 7:00 p.m. > >The families chosen are: > >Anderson Tp. - Abraham Adams > >Anderson Tp. - John Berry > >Boone Tp. - Thomas Brunt >( I am not sure his family stayed in Madison County) > >Duck Creek Tp. - David Tranbarger > >Fall Creek Tp. -Isaac Busby > >Green Tp. - George Washington Pettigrew > >Jackson Tp. - John Wise > >Lafayette Tp. - George Bevilheimer > >Monroe Tp. - Micajah Chamness > >Pipe Creek Tp. - John S., Noah, Elliott &Jacob Waymire (I believe they were >all brothers but am not positive) > >Richland T. - Barnabus Maynard > >Stony Creek Tp. - Noah Huntzinger > >Union Tp. - Frederick Bronnenberg > >Van Buren Tp. - John & Joseph Thurston > >I am going to give you 2 email address for me. The one at work is - >[email protected] (this one will be changing soon so that is why I'm >listing my home email address as well) - [email protected] > >Thanks again for your help. > >Phyllis Leedom > >The book on the first three generations of Waymire by Dr. Reser which is in the Anderson library tells of the family. My ggrandfather was John S. Waymire---Louise from Florida

Does anyone have Troy Waymire, born August 18, 1848 in their tree. He married Ida Ethel Jarrett in 1918 in Madison county. They had two children, Dallas and Robert. Thanks

Another thing that you might want to consider is that in the 1700's Kentucky was considered to be a part of Virginia. Old maps show Virginia continuing west possibly as far as the Mississippi River. Also, I think that settlement of Kentucky was officially prohibited by Virginia in the 1700's. You might want to read James Alexander Thome's books on George Rogers Clark and also the book on the Clark family. While the book is somewhat fictionalized, the basic facts regarding settlement of Kentucky and their part in the Revolution is factual. Unfortunately, I no longer have the book so I can't tell you exact dates. Barbara

-----Original Message----- From: Connie Lovitt Bates [SMTP:[email protected]] Sent: Thursday, February 03, 2000 8:10 AM To: [email protected] Subject: [ILHENDER-L] Iowa Records Gail very kindly forwarded this to me so that we can all keep abreast of events regarding the closing of Iowa Records. Thanks, Gail! > The following is from Richard Harrison, the IAGenWeb State Coordinator.: > > The Closing of Iowa Birth Records???? > > The Iowa State Department of Health, Vital Records Division, would like > to see all birth records less than 95 years old closed to the public at > the county level and have drafted a bill to this effect to be taken up by > the legislature. According to Larry Coghlan of the Vital Records Dept., > "The proposal is to make birth certificates 95 years old and > older available for inspection and copying at the county level. The rest > of the birth certificates would require a direct and tangible interest to > obtain a copy. It is being proposed because of the identity theft (fraud) > that has been taking place throughout the United States." > > This proposal raises a number of questions: Is it really necessary to > close 95 years of records to address this problem? How will moving the > records from the county level to the state level make it any more (or > less) difficult for people interested in committing fraud? How will they > define "direct and tangible interest"? Will state employees have > the time and inclination to REALLY search the records for your ancestor, > or will they keep the money and say "Not Found!" when the record is not > exactly where it should be but just a few lines or pages away? Can they > take the time to search for possible misspellings or decipher illegible > handwriting? If ISDH gets this passed for birth records will all the > other records follow suit? Is this an ill-conceived plan to punish the > innocent (genealogists and others who need access to these records) > instead of the guilty (those who commit fraud)? > > We need to ask questions, now. If you cherish your right to have all your > county records available at your county courthouse, now is the time to > speak up. WRITE. CALL. EMAIL. your county officials, state > representative, and yes, even Governor Vilsack. If you don't speak up > now, it might be too late. > > -- > Richard Harrison/Encinitas, San Diego, California > IAGenWeb State Coord.: > http://www.rootsweb.com/~iagenweb/index.htm > IAGEN-L List Owner: [email protected] > > ***** ***** ***** ***** ***** ***** ***** ***** > > If you are NOT an Iowa resident it is just as important, if not more so, > that you also be heard. Remind the legislators of the money you spend > when you are in your county of interest to do research. Not only are you > providing revenue to the county for copy fees, etc. You are also > spending money in their motels, eating establishments, shops, and other > area tourist attractions. > > PLEASE contact one of these legislators and express the importance of > having the birth records remain open. Send an email to: > > [email protected] > and > [email protected] > > ***** ***** ***** ***** ***** ***** ***** ***** > > CONTACT INFORMATION > > The Honorable Governor Vilsack > Mailing Address: > Office of the Governor > State Capitol > Des Moines, IA 50319 > Phone or Fax: > (515) 281-5211 phone (515) 281-6611 fax > Email the Governor > > http://www.state.ia.us/governor/comments/index.html > > The web page below has links to District Maps and to the > emails > of all the Iowa Senators and Representatives. Send an email > to > the ones representing your county of interest: > > http://www.legis.state.ia.us/Members/78GA-members.html. > > We will post the bill number and the names of committee > members as soon as that information is available. > > Please forward this message to: > > 1) as many people you know who reside in Iowa > 2) as many genealogists you know who have Iowa research > 3) as many genealogical societies as you know > 4) as many other organizations whose voices might make a difference > 5) everyone you know who is involved in genealogy and history research > ==== ILHENDER Mailing List ==== Search this list's archived messages! http://searches.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/listsearch.pl

Louise: I am not familier with the book but will check it out when I go back to work. Thanks, Phyllis

Phyllis (Mom), Get all the rest you can so you will be better real soon. Love, Marcie -----Original Message----- From: [email protected] <[email protected]> To: [email protected] <[email protected]> Date: Friday, February 04, 2000 4:46 PM Subject: Re: [INMADISO-L] Pioneer Families of Madison County >Marcie: > >I am resting as much as possible. > >Having to take tylenol every 2 hours. > >Have a good evening. > >Love, > >Mom Leedom (phyllis) > >

Hi Everyone! I enjoyed the posting in INMADISO-Ls of the paper about The Great PA Wagon Road! This parallels some of my research. One quick question, the author is Kevin Cheery, Rowan Co. Library Historian. Where is this Rowan Co, and does anyone have his address? I am LeRoy F. Eastes, born 1921 in Marion, Grant Co. IN and lived several years in Anderson before WW II. I have 5 lines of ancestors who were in IN before 1840. One of these was Obadiah Eastes/Estes born 4 July 1758 probably in VA. Obadiah, wife Francis Harvey and three small children traveled by horseback and walked the Wilderness Trail from SC to Crab Orchard, Lincoln Co. KY in 1796. There they bought land, and paid taxes until 1801. Then they moved north across the OH River into Indiana Territory about the OH and IN State lines and up the White Water River (not the White River found in Madision Co.). They bought land in several places and finally came to rest in the Eastes/Harvey Cemetery in Mt Comfort, Hancock Co., IN. We have a research group that is trying to locating the origin Elisha Estes/Eastus father of Obadiah. Apparently this Elisha, his brothers and father were land speculators in VA and some of them migrated to KY, TN and IN. Elisha died in Roane Co. TN in 1818. The following are extracts of a report I made to the group and thought it might be of interest to someone to see the migration patterns: Extracts from: The Search for Elisha Eastus/Estes Who Died in Roane Co., Tennessee in 1818 By LeRoy F. Eastes 5 November 1999 The following are the children of Elisha Descendants of Elisha Estes/Eastus 1 Elisha 07 Estes d: 1818 (Confirmed) . +Unknown ........ 2 Elizabeth Estes b: 1754 ........... +unknown Crumless ........ 2 Obadiah Eastes b: 04-July-1758 (Confirmed) ........... +Francis Harvey b: 03-January-1774 (Confirmed) ........ 2 Clary Estes ........... +unknown Webb ........ 2 Mary Estes ........... +unknown Brister ........ 2 Susanna Estes ........ 2 Jenny (Jincy) Estes ........... +Hughbour ........ 2 Wilmoth Estes ........... +unknown Mullekin ........ 2 David Shipton Estes b: Abt. 1776 (Estimated from data shown in 1850 Census) ........... +Kezziah unknown b: Abt. 1777 ........ 2 Elisha 08 Estes b: Abt. 1778 (Estimated from data shown in 1850 Census) <<<<< Several pages of land and court records not included >>>>>>>>>>> As we search for the details of our heritage, we find the most important sources are all documents from the time and places where they lived. With this in mind, let's look at some key events in chronological order of Kentucky, Tennessee and Indiana history: 1750 - Dr., Thomas Walker discovers the Cumberland Gap. 1769 - Daniel Boone and John Finley explore Kentucky. 1769 - William Bean of Virginia, believed to have been the first permanent white settler, builds a cabin near the Watauga River in eastern Tennessee. 1772 - Settlers form Watauga Association, one of the earliest independent governments west of the Appalachians. 1774 - James Harrod starts building Harrodstown (Harrodsburg). Indians force settlers to withdraw but they returned in 1775. 1775 - Transylvania Land Company buys Cherokee lands. Watauga Association becomes Washington District, it was annexed to North Carolina in 1776 and becomes Washington Co. in 1777 1775 - Boiling Springs and St. Asaph settled. Indians give Richard Henderson the land between Ohio and Cumberland Rivers and he organizes the Transylvania Land Company. 1775 - Daniel Bone blazes Wilderness Trail and Boonesboro was founded. 1776 - Herrodsburg settlers send George Rogers Clark and John Jones to Virginia to ask for aid to fight the Indians. Virginia declares Transylvania Land Company illegal and creates Kentucky County. 1778 - Indian siege of Boonesboro. George Rogers Clark makes expedition against the British north of the Ohio River. 1780 - Tennessee Soldiers led by Evan Shelby and John Sevier help defeat the British at Kings Mountain in South Carolina. 1784 - The first of ten conventions held to prepare the way for the separation of Kentucky from Virginia. 1784 - North Carolina cedes western lands to the Federal Government, then repeals the act. Settlers organize the State of Franklin. 1792 - Kentucky becomes the 15th State. 1794 - General "Mad Anthony" Wayne is victorious at the Battle of Fallen Timbers in Ohio and ends the Indian attacks in Kentucky. 1796 - The Wilderness Trail is opened to wagon traffic. 1800 - Indiana is organized into a Territory. 1796 - Tennessee is admitted to the Union. The second State to be carved out of the territory west of the Appalachians 1809 - Indians burn farms in Indiana and force some settlers back into Kentucky. 1811 - An extensive Indian uprising in southern Indiana is put down by Territorial Governor William H. Harrision. 1816 - Indiana was admitted to the Union as the 19th. State. (Ref: "Compton's Encyclopedia," "The Genealogical Helper" by Everton Publishers and the history book, "Once Upon the Time in Indiana," published by The National Society of Colonial Dames in Indiana. In the past some of us have discussed the reason for our ancestors to move from Virginia to South Carolina then to Kentucky, Tennessee and Indiana. First, we must remember there were only a few explorers and hunters that ventured west of the Appalachian Mountains before 1769. Then came the migration of land seekers. Settlers made their own crude surveys and claimed land, sometimes thousands of acres by blazing trees and marking it as their property. Once the land was officially surveyed many of these claims were disputed and taken to court. Newcomers to Harrodsburg and Boonesboro claimed acreage close to the forts for safety reasons and in many cases they claimed prime lands further away for future homesteads. Families did not migrate in large numbers until the danger of Indians deminished south of the Ohio River and this area became reasonably safe. Indiana was a hostile territory longer so it was settled later than Kentucky. There were many reasons for this migration. One of the most important was the lure of free and later cheap and fertile farm lands. Then there was the press of population in the east and the need to expand. The lands west of the Appalachians were claimed early by the French and later by the British. At first our government was cautious about openly promoting migration in fear of a war with either country. Covertly however, families were encouraged to expand west and settle the frontier. After the Revolution, land was granted to War Veterans. There were other reasons for people to migrate. Some wanted to move because of political pressures in their communities after the Revolution. Others probably just for the adventure. Many references are being found that show the surnames of the families who married Elisha's children, all in the same general areas at the same time. We find the Crumbliss, Harveys, Bristers, Neighbors, Mullicans and Webbs all in Virginia prior to 1790. Apparently, these families moved about the same time to South Carolina and then to Kentucky. Some staying while others moved to Tennessee and Indiana. Another example of this surname migration can be seen by looking at Holman the youngest son of Obadiah. Holman married Ruth Webb, daughter of Johnathon Webb. Ruth was born in Rush Co. Indiana but believed to be related to the Webbs of Virginia who married Clary, sister to Obadiah. As we continue to trace the families that married Elisha's children, bits and pieces are falling together and perhaps will shed more light on his ancestors. In my years of research I have not found any records where Elisha or his sons were connected with either side of the Revolution. I have found no military records, land grants or pension applications. They may exist but so far they have evaded my efforts I cannot believe that Obadiah was a Loyalist. The History of Hancock County, Indiana states that Obadiah was a Master Mason. Since the Masons were very active in the Patriotic movement, it is doubtful the fraternity would have excepted a member who had been a Loyalist. I have contacted the Grand Masonic Lodges of Virginia, South Carolina, Kentucky and Indiana but did not find any information. The Revolutionary War split many families and this might still have a bearing on our investigation. Another strange fact is that Obadiah, Micajah and Elsiha #07 are missing from the all 1790 Census reports. They could have been staying with someone else or - they could have been traveling, scouting for land prospects prior to moving to the frontier. Since the fact that no military information has surfaced for Elisha or his sons seems to be a significant factor. It is also possible there was a religious factor involved that prohibited them from serving in the military. However, in Kentucky and Indiana, every able bodied male between certain ages had to serve in the militia. In trhe History of hancock Co.Indiana is staes that Obadiah was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church in Indiana at one time. There are also some mention of the Society of Friends or Quakers found in some references. It is quite possible an answer lies in long hidden Church records. Like most pioneers of the time, members of the Estes families were apparently very gregarious and kept in close contact as they migrated from Virginia to South Carolina, Kentucky, Tennessee and Indiana. The reasons for this migration was probably the quest for rich and fertile farm lands but possibly had an element of relief from political pressures resulting from the Revolution. Since I have been unable to turn up any military records or probable 1790 census records for Elisha and sons, strengthens the mystery. It's also my opinion that many answers can be found in records from the Churches in Virginia or Indiana So, the search goes on! Roy Eastes 17271 Lowery Rd, Gulfport, MS 39503 E Mail - [email protected] Ph (228) 832-2214 Fax (228) 539-537 (24 hr) When we record our heritage we take great pride in looking at our list of ancestors and admire their origins, migrations and accomplishments. But, what good is it - unless it’s true? Stories and rumors are great and often lead to the truth! BUT - Help eliminate errors. Don't take anything as Fact! Check references for validity! If we don’t our children’s children will be led down false trails and they will never be able to find their true heritage.

I do not know how good this is I am taking the persons word for it. I was checking mail this am and thought I would just forward this to the list. BJ in AZ From: [email protected] I've just run across the best map site ever! It is a topographical map site and can find an ant hill! Try it: www.topozone.com/ I had a blast looking at all the backwoods places in my family's history! Linda Ball Researching: Anderson * Ball * Kent * Payne Western NC

This was sent to me and I am sending it to others that they might enjoy this bit of American History. BJ in AZ Date: Thu, 7 Jan 1999 14:00:48 -0500 From: <[email protected]> Subject: A GREAT HISTORY of our ANCESTORS... It is long but is well worth the time. It is about our ancestors migration route...the GREAT PA WAGON ROAD... Enjoy! Diana Kinzer Heath Fellow Eastern Tennessee Researchers: Since our ancestors all had to get to TN somehow, I thought you would all be interested in this speech on the Old Wagon Trail that was posted on the Rowan Roots list this morning. I am willing to stand corrected, but I would say a sizeable percentage used this road, except for those hardy souls that landed on the shores or river basins of the Chesapeake bay and traipsed gradually across VA and NC. By Kevin Cherry When the crops were in, they started. Early in the morning - even early for farm people, they'd set out. During the first years, they walked, leading five or six pack animals laden with supplies: tools, seed, fabric. In places, the famous path they trod was only three or four feet wide. The wilderness literally crept right up to their feet and brushed their faces as they walked. In later years they marched alongside oxen as these oversized beasts pulled two-wheeled carts heaped to overflowing, crossing rivers that licked high about their animals' flanks and often soaked every single, individual piece of their worldly possessions. Finally, when the path had been worn clear by thousands and thousands of previous travelers, they rode in wagons that, themselves, grew as the path widened into an honest to goodness road. These Pennsylvania-German-built wagons (Conestogas) at their largest would be twenty-six feet long, eleven feet high and some could bear loads up to ten tons. It took five or six pairs of horses to pull them. These big vehicles, the eighteen wheelers of their day, were called "Liners" and "Tramps." Ships would later gain their nicknames. No matter if they walked or rode, in the mid afternoon they stopped to take care of the animals, prepare food, and put up the defense for the night. The cries of wolves in the distance and the pop of twigs just outside of the firelight sounded danger. Bands of Indians in the early days, bands of thieves later, chased away deep sleep - no matter how tiring the day, how bone-weary the traveler. The fastest loaded wagon could go about five miles a day. The trip took a minimum of two months. Wagons broke down, rivers flooded, supplies gave out, and there was sickness but no doctors. Wagons were repaired, floods ceded, the wilderness supplied, and the sick were buried or stumbled on. This is the first great interior migration in our nation's history. It's the story of a road, the Great Pennsylvania Wagon Road. The Road Only a few trails cut through the vast forests, which covered the continent between the northernmost colonies and Georgia, the southern tip. The settlers, as they moved inland, usually followed the paths over which the Indians had hunted and traded. The Indians, in turn, had followed the pre-historical traces of animals. Who knows why the animals wandered where they did, but some of those early travelers on that road, the Scots-Irish Presbyterians, would have assured us it was certainly predetermined. Even so, few paths crossed the Appalachians, which formed a barrier between the Atlantic plateau and the unknown interior. In his 1755 map of the British Colonies, Lewis Evans labeled the Appalachians, "Endless Mountains." And so they must have seemed to the daring few who pierced the heart of the wooded unknown. But through this unknown, even then, there was a road. The Iroquois tribesmen of the North had long used the Great Warriors' Path to come south and trade or make war in Virginia and the Carolinas. This vital link between the native peoples led from the Iroquois Confederacy around the Great Lakes through what later became Lancaster and Bethlehem, Pennsylvania through York to Gettysburg and into Western Maryland around what is now Hagerstown. It crossed the Potomac River at Evan Watkins' Ferry, followed the narrow path across the backcountry to Winchester, through the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia to Harrisonburg, Staunton, Lexington, and Roanoke. On it went into Salem, NC, and on to Salisbury, where it was joined by the east-west Catawba and Cherokee Indian Trading Path at the Trading Ford across the Yadkin River. On to Charlotte and Rock Hill, SC where it branched to take two routes, one to Augusta and another to Savannah, Georgia. It was to some a road, but it was just a narrow line through the continuous forest. Virginia's Gov. Col. Alexander Spotswood first discovered this Great Road in 1716 when his "Knights of the Golden Horseshoe," finally crossed the mountains, drank a toast to King George's health and buried a bottle claiming the vast valley for the King of England. His Knights' motto became "Sic Juvat Transcendere Montes," or "Behold, we cross the mountains." In 1744, a treaty between the English colonists and the Indians gave the white men control of the road for the first time. By 1765 the Great Wagon Road was cleared all along it way enough to hold horse drawn vehicles and by 1775 the road stretched 700 miles. Boys and dogs, smelling like barnyards, drove tens of thousands of pigs to market along this road which grew gradually worse the farther South you went. Inns and ordinaries which spotted the road undoubtedly taught more than a few of them the ways of the world. But that was all later. The majority of the folks who by the thousands would walk over Spotswood's buried bottle would have probably thought this whole 1716 ceremony a little preposterous and quite a bit pretentious. You see, they were plain folk trying to get away from Latin, from mottoes, and from knights with horseshoes no matter their element of manufacture, lead to gold. They were as different from Spotswood's cavaliers as a golden horseshoe is from an ox's hoof. Who were the Wagon Road's Travelers? For 118 years, the English and Dutch settled the New World, lining the harbors and pointing their cities, their eyes, their hearts to the east, across the Atlantic. They were on the fringes of a vast continent but, for the most part, they forever more turned away from it and toward home. They were certainly colonists, even those stem-faced few who came to these shores for religious reasons, and most of the other settlers, you see, had come to expand the business opportunities of home establishments. Their ties to those establishments were strong. It took a different kind of settler, someone who had cut his ties altogether, someone who didn't really have all that much to lose, to look west at a wilderness and there see something more than raw materials ready for exploitation. It took folks like the Germans and the Scots Irish to put their backs to the ocean and see home in front of them. Escaping devastating wars, religious persecution, economic disasters, and all of those other things that still cause people to come to these shores, the Scots Irish and the Germans had no intention of returning to their native lands. They were here to stay. They didn't look east but to the south and west-toward land. They didn't see wolves and Indians. They saw opportunities. And as different as the Germans and the Scots Irish were, they had what it took to flourish in the backcountry. Not possessions that could be lost in the fording of a river, not personal contacts and the sponsorship of powerful men, but rough and tumble ability and a heavy streak of stubbornness. They knew slash and bum agriculture, they knew pigs, they could hunt and forage, they knew hard work. They built their cabins the exact same way. And eventually, they traveled together in that same heavy stream southward along the Great Pennsylvania Wagon Road. In 1749, 12,000 Germans reached Pennsylvania. By 1775 there were 10,000 people of German birth in that colony, one-third of the population. When Philadelphia was a cluster of Inns and Ordinaries: the Blue Anchor, Pewter Platter, Penny-Pot, Seven Stars, Cross Keys, Hornet and Peacock, Benjamin Franklin, one of that era's most open-minded men asked, "Why should the Palatinate Boors be suffered to swan-n into our settlement and by herding together establish their language and manners to the exclusion of ours? Why should Pennsylvania, founded by the English, become a colony of aliens who will shortly be so numerous as to Germanize us, instead of our Anglicizing them and will never adopt our language or customs any more than they can acquire our complexion." But the Germans kept coming, thinking like their Scots Irish compatriots who are recorded as noting that, "It is against the law of God and nature that so much land should be idle while so many Christians wanted it to labor on and raise their bread." In short, Pennsylvania was flooded. Why they Headed South There is probably no more beautiful land anywhere than that part of Pennsylvania now known as the "Amish Country." It must have appeared to those people fresh off of the boat, truly a land flowing with milk and honey. But it filled rapidly. Land became expensive. The most important reason why the Germans and Scots-Irish put what little they owned on their backs and took the southbound road was the cost of land in Pennsylvania. A fifty- acre farm in Lancaster County, PA would have cost 7 pounds 10 shillings in 1750. In the Granville District of North Carolina, which comprised the upper half of the state, five shillings would buy 100 acres. The crossing of an ocean was move enough for most of the early immigrants. The generation, which could still feel the waves beneath their feet when elderly, often stayed in Pennsylvania, but their children repeated their parent's adventure. Often, they cast off their lines, raised whatever anchors they had, and "sailed" south right after their patriarchs had gone to their reward. As North Carolina's Secretary of State, William L. Saunders wrote in 1886, "Immigration, in the early days, divested of its glamour and brought down to solid fact, is the history of a continuous search for good bottom land." In their search for bottom land, English colonists encroached onto territories claimed by France. This pressure became one of the reasons the French and Indians went to war against England and her colonists. The Germans and Scots bore the brunt of the war, a cabin burning, wife-kidnapping, farm ambushing, bloody, horrible guerrilla war. For eleven years mayhem reigned on the frontier. In 1756, three years after the war started, George Washington wrote that the Appalachian frontiersmen were "in a general motion towards the southern colonies" and that Virginia's westernmost counties would soon be emptied. Western North Carolina seemed to those escaping the war to be safer because the Cherokee were on the British side-at least at the beginning. To western North Carolina they came. This French and Indian War, which started the year Rowan County was created, joined the quest for more and better land as a major factor in sending those Germans and Scots-Irish down the Wagon Road to safer territory. Not only that but the peace treaty that ended the war stated that no English settlers would go over the Appalachians. Thus, the best unclaimed land in all of the colonies lay along the Yadkin, Catawba and Savannah Rivers between the years 1763 and 1768. When the war ended in 1764, the western settlements of Pennsylvania had suffered a loss of population. Virginia and North Carolina had grown. What they Found When those Scots Irish and Germans got here "the country of the upper Yadkin teemed with game. Bears were so numerous it was said that a hunter could lay by two or three thousand pounds of bear grease in a season. The tale was told in the forks that nearby Bear Creek took its name from the season Boone killed 99 bears along its waters. The deer were so plentiful that an ordinary hunter could kill four or five a day; the deerskin trade was an important part of the regional economy. In 1753 more than 30,000 skins were exported from North Carolina, and thousands were used within the colony for the manufacture of leggings, breeches and moccasins." In 1755, NC Gov. Arthur Dobbs wrote to England that the "Yadkin is a large beautiful river. Where there is a ferry it is nearly 300 yards over it, [which] was at this time fordable, scarce coming to the horse's bellies." "At six miles distant," he said, "I arrived at Salisbury the county seat of Rowan. The town is just laid out, the courthouse built, and 7 or 8 log houses built." Most of Salisbury's householders ran public houses, letting travelers sup at their table - and drink, too. In 1762, there were 16 public houses. There was also a shoe factory, a prison, a hospital and armory all here before the Revolution. Even so, it was still only an outpost in the wilderness. Salisbury was for twenty-three years the farthest west county seat in the colonies. And through this outpost the wagon road ran, and on that road the immigrants continued to travel even after the area was settled. Governor Tryon wrote to England that more than a thousand wagons passed through Salisbury in the Fall and Winter of 1765. That works out to about six immigrant wagons per day. Summary "In the last sixteen years of the colonial era," wrote historian Carl Bridenbaugh, "southbound traffic along the Great Philadelphia Wagon Road was numbered in tens of thousands. It was the most heavily traveled road in all America and must have had more vehicles jolting along its rough and tortuous way than all the other main roads put together." When the British captured Philadelphia, the Continental Congress escaped down the Pennsylvania Wagon Road. Daniel Boone and Davy Crockett traveled it. George Washington knew it as an Indian fighter. John Chisholm knew it as an Indian trader. Countless soldiers - Andrew Jackson, Andrew Pickens, Andrew Lewis, Francis Marion, Lighthorse Harry Lee, Daniel Morgan, and George Rogers Clark among them - fought over it. Both the North and South would use it during the Civil War. And down this road, this glorified overgrown footpath through the middle of nowhere leading to even greater depths of nowhere, came those people looking for a better life for themselves and their children, down it came those settlers, those hardworking stubborn Scots Irish and Germans: the preachers, the blacksmiths, and farmers. Down it came the Holshousers and the Barringers, the Alexanders and the Grahams, the Millers and the Earnhardts, the Catheys and the Knoxes, the Blackwelders and the Halls, and the Cherrys and the Brauns and the Fishers. When the crops were in, on a day like today, they started. Thank you. Kevin Cherry Rowan County Library Historian (Submitted by Neil McDonald to the Roads and Trails list 1/8/00.)

You are welcomed. Phyllis

Marcie: I am resting as much as possible. Having to take tylenol every 2 hours. Have a good evening. Love, Mom Leedom (phyllis)

Phyllis (Mom), Your welcome. Oh Mom ! I'm sorry to hear you fell down and hurt your back. Don't do any thing except resting it. I hope you are feeling better soon. Love you, your adopted daug. Marcie :) -----Original Message----- From: [email protected] <[email protected]> To: [email protected] <[email protected]> Date: Friday, February 04, 2000 5:50 AM Subject: Re: [INMADISO-L] Pioneer Families of Madison County >Dear Daughter (Marcie): > >Again, thank's for the sweet kind words. > >Pray for me. I fell yesterday and hurt my back - striking it on the side >porch as I went down - OOUCH!! > >Can't do a whole lot. Am going back to bed. > >Mom (phyllis) > >

Hi Everyone! I recently sent a request for information on Rebecca Cunningham and left out some very important data I am very sorry and would like to submit it again!! I should have said that in the 1860 census for Van Buren Twp, Madison Co., IN the name Eastes name is misspelled and Lemuel and Rebecca show up as Easter or Easters and Rebecca's place of birth as NC. It also shows Rebecca's age as 20 and Lemuel age 22 They were married abt 1856/7. One person from Madison Co., IN told us the Rebecca's father was William Cunningham and they came from NC when Rebecca was abt 9 years old. I have lost contact with this person since last December. These dates would place Rebecca's birth abt 1840 and arriving in IN abt 1849. The 1860 IN Census shows 2 more Rebecca Cunninghams in Hancock Co. - One in Green Twp and one in Brown Twp. (After Rebecca's death, Lemuel remarried and had more children. Both sets of children are confirmed) Rebecca and Lemuel had four sons and one daughter Jasper Newton Eastes b: 3 March 1858, WI Charles Everett Eastes b: 18 June 1864 WI William Holman Eastes b: 7 May 1867 WI Anna Belle Eastes B: Exact date unknown Joseph Frank Eastes b: 9 May 1875 WI (My Grandfather) Rebecca Cunningham was killed in a tragic accident 26 December 1878 when thrown from a mud boat on the Bradford Pike northeast of Marion, Indiana in Grant County. My grandfather, Joseph Frank, her youngest son was 3 1/2 years old. Lemuel died 11 may 1903 in Landessville, Grant Co., IN In July 1977 the headstones were missing from both Rebecca's and Lemuel's graves in Tinkle Cemetery. However, I have a photo of Lemuels stone with dates. Rebecca was buried next to him. I have been told recently that Lemuel's grave is now marked with a Military Stone. When the Civil War began, Lemuel was enlisted by Capt. Alfred Kilgore at Muncie, Indiana on 21 August 1861. He enlisted as a Private for 3 years in the Army of the United States . On the same day he joined his new unit and was assigned to Capt Hugh A. Stephens, Company B, 36th Regiment of the Indiana Infantry Volunteers. At the time of enlistment he was 25 years old, light complexion and had blue eyes. He was married and had one son, Jasper Newton. Lemuel was given an Honorable Disability Discharge on 7 May 1863 at Murfreesbrough, Tennessee. On his Discharge Certificate his home address was given as Chesterfield, Indiana. Since Lemuel was an Honorably Discharged Disabled Veteran, he was given a pension. The date of his death is confirmed as being on 11 May 1903 and was last paid $17.00 on 4 May 1903. A Disability Certificate dated 29 February 1888 shows his home in New Corner, Indiana, (later know as Gaston) in Delaware County. The certificate further states that due to illness contracted in Military Service he was now certified as being totally unable to work at his occupation as a farmer and blacksmith According to his obituary Lemuel was a Master Mason and prominent in the G.A.R. (Grand Army of the Republic) and was the Post Master at Landissville for many years. We would appreciate your help with any information on any of this Cunningham family. Best Regards Roy Eastes [email protected] <<<<<<<<<<<<< () >>>>>>>>>>>>> When we record our heritage we take great pride in looking at our list of ancestors and admire their origins, migrations and accomplishments. But, what good is it - - unless it's true? Stories and rumors are great and often lead to the truth! BUT - Help eliminate errors. Don't take anything as Fact! Check references for validity! If we don't our children's children will be led down false trails and they will never be able to find their true heritage.