The Daily Courier Connellsville, Pa. Mar. 27, 1929 By Louis R. BIRINYI, Author of "The Tragedy of Hungary," Justice for Hungary, " etc. There are about one and one half million Hungarians living in the U.S. Of these about eighty thousand are living in Cleveland, Ohio. They are a sturdy, industrious, thrifty, religious and cultured race. Their Motherland, Hungary, is situated in the southeastern part of Europe and she is so located geographically as to be a gateway between the East and the West. Western Christianity and civilization owe to the Hungarians, more than to any other people, a debt of gratitude for having prevented the Mongols and the Turks from Mongolising and Mohamedizing the west. Do you know why the bells in the towers of Christian churches throughout Christiandom are being tolled at the hour of noon every day? On July 21, 1468?, at the noon hour, the Hungarians, led by John HUNYADI of Transylvania, delivered the final and decisive blow to the Turks and settled once and for all time to come the freedom of Western Europe from any further Turkish invasion. The tolling of the noon bells is reminding Christiandom of the fact that about 500 years ago, at the hour of noon, western Christianity and Christian civilization were saved by the Hungarian people. Originally Hungary was an independent constitutional kingdom. The constant struggle, however, with the Mongols and the Turks, weakened the Hungarians and they fell under the control of the Austrian HAPSBURGS. The rule of the HAPSBURG dynasty over the Hungarians was outrageous and consequently during the last five hundred years of HAPSBURG rule, the Hungarians struggled to regain their independence from the HAPSBURGS. In a supreme struggle in 1848-184?, led by Louis KOSSUTH, the Hungarians succeded in defeating and dethroning the HAPSBURGS, but the Russian Czar sent a powerful army into Hungary, disarmed the Hungarians and delivered Hungary back to the HAPSBURGS, the Hungarians again dethroned the Hapsburgs. Politically the Hungarians were always and are today ardent advocates of democracy, political and relegious freedom and liberty. In continental Europe the Hungarians were the first people to have written a constitution (1229?), the English Magna Churia preceded only by seven years. It was in Hungary that the very first law was enacted, which secured freedom of religion and liberty of conscience to all inhabitants of Hungary. In art, science, education, culture, literature and religion, the Hungarians have contributed their full share to the world. They have their Michael MUNKACSY whose paintings are among the most widely discussed creations of the real art in the world. Farkas BOLYAI and his son John, the world famous pioneers in mathematics, who worked out the "science of absolute space." Baron Roland EOTYES? EOTVOS? whose investigation respecting gravitation and capillary attraction are of great value to science today, his instrument to weigh the earth is now used by American governmental scientific agencies. They have Dr. Phillipps SEMMELWEIS, who after years of devoted study, had succeeded to reduce death to 1.27 due to puerperal fever, frequently attending childbirth. Mothers throuhout the world owe a great debt of gratitude to this great Hungarian obstetrician. Then they have the world famous Hungarian pianist and composer, Ferencz LISZT, Alexander PETOFY, the great Hungarian lyric poet, whose poems are translated into many, many languages. A Hindu professor had learned the Hungarian language merely for the purpose of enabling himself to read PETOFY'S poems in the original language. Match was invented in Hungary. When you light your pipe, cigar, cigarette, or even the gas jet, you might remember that a Hungarian is responsible for the existence of this useful article and that it was a Hungarian who eliminated sulphur from the match and made it even a more convenient article. The first subway in the world was built in Budapest. The quality of Hungarian art is indicated by the fact that recently authorities of Detroit, Michigan, have requested Hungarian artists centers to send samples of Hungarian art to be studied by students of art in Detroit.