Mary, look at it this way... I have no living male Halls either. I CAN still benefit tremendously from the DNA project. I can document that I am descended from Moses Hall 1710, Nansemond Co. VA through his son Isaac. Now while MY line down from Isaacs grandson John has no males John (and his uncles!) had several brothers who probably DO have living sons out there. If THEY can document their relationship to Moses 1710 we share DNA from old Moses' ancestors. I follow the DNA study closely in hope that someday one of those other lines coming down from Moses 1710 will be tested and we can connect to compare notes and hopefully document all of these relationships and push our lines back even further. So, we women can't have our own Hall DNA tested but we have just as much a stake in the studies as the men do. .......dianne > >