You can read about how Google's project to put 5 complete research libraries on line is working at: http://www.nytimes.com/2006/05/14/magazine/14publishing.html?_r=1&pagewanted=1 &oref=slogin There are rooms full of special scanners and workers doing the digitization from hard copies. There is still resistance, mostly from publishers and the academic community but Google has not stopped the project. Karen