if (typeof YAHOO == "undefined") { var YAHOO = {}; } YAHOO.Shortcuts = YAHOO.Shortcuts || {}; YAHOO.Shortcuts.hasSensitiveText = false; YAHOO.Shortcuts.sensitivityType = []; YAHOO.Shortcuts.doUlt = false; YAHOO.Shortcuts.location = "us"; YAHOO.Shortcuts.document_id = 0; YAHOO.Shortcuts.document_type = ""; YAHOO.Shortcuts.document_title = "Garnhart, Garnheart, Gernhardt, Garnhardt, etc."; YAHOO.Shortcuts.document_publish_date = ""; YAHOO.Shortcuts.document_author = "[email protected]"; YAHOO.Shortcuts.document_url = ""; YAHOO.Shortcuts.document_tags = ""; YAHOO.Shortcuts.document_language = "english"; YAHOO.Shortcuts.annotationSet = { "lw_1225235589_0": { "text": "Moravian", "extended": 0, "startchar": 331, "endchar": 338, "start": 331, "end": 338, "extendedFrom": "", "predictedCategory": "", "predictionProbability": "0", "weight": 0.214247, "relScore": 3.1189, "type": ["shortcuts:/concept"], "category": ["CONCEPT"], "wikiId": "Moravian_Church", "relatedWikiIds": [], "relatedEntities": [], "showOnClick": [], "context": "the 1790s. In court papers they were described as being Moravian. I don\u0027t know if this referred to their native land", "metaData": { "visible": "false" } }, "lw_1225235589_1": { "text": "native land", "extended": 0, "startchar": 390, "endchar": 400, "start": 390, "end": 400, "extendedFrom": "", "predictedCategory": "", "predictionProbability": "0", "weight": 0.25053, "relScore": 7.7439, "type": ["shortcuts:/concept"], "category": ["CONCEPT"], "wikiId": "Homeland", "relatedWikiIds": [], "relatedEntities": [], "showOnClick": [], "context": "being Moravian. I don\u0027t know if this referred to their native land, to their religion, or both. Any help is appreciated. Paul", "metaData": { "movieDuration": "1 hr 45 min", "movieID": "1809754393", "movieYear": "1942", "notrailer": "true", "visible": "true" } } }; YAHOO.Shortcuts.headerID = "fd0d37b6146af255c0b24de412f9fcb7"; I have ancestors with some variation of the name Garnhart, Garnhart, Garnheart, Gernhardt, Garnhardt, ie.   They were in Louisiana in the 1790s.  In court papers they were described as being Moravian.  I don't know if this referred to their native land, to their religion, or both.  Any help is appreciated. Paul Muller

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Bush approves U.S. visa waiver Czechs may travel to States visa-free as of mid-November By _Curtis M. Wong_ (mailto:[email protected]) Staff Writer, The Prague Post October 22nd, 2008 issue Czechs should be able to travel to the United States visa-free as early as mid-November, U.S President George W. Bush said Oct. 17. Prime Minister Mirek Topolánek said he welcomed Bush’s decision to waive visas for Czech travelers. Such waivers are also expected for Slovakia, Hungary, Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia on the same date. “This will be the result of a long and systematic effort on our part to establish visa-free travel with the U.S.,” Topolánek said in a statement. Although the Czech Republic has met the conditions to join the visa-waiver program, U.S. Consul Scott Riedmann said an official decision by the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) was still pending in the wake of Bush’s announcement, but that no further complications were expected. “No exact date has been given, but we anticipate that Czechs will be able to travel to the U.S. visa-free by mid-November,” Riedmann said, adding that Bush’ s announcement had received an overwhelmingly positive response. “It’s a very good situation that has been a goal for both countries for quite some time.” Several local politicians have linked the decision to waive visas for Czech travelers to the country’s agreement to construct a U.S. radar base within its borders, a charge Riedmann denies. “These are two completely separate proposals,” he said, stressing that visa waivers would apply to other countries with no connection to the missile-defense plan. All Czechs wishing to travel to the United States will need new biometric passports, as well as registration with the Electronic System Travel Authorization (ESTA), an Internet database. Despite some initial complications with the system, Riedmann said he expected Czech-language options to be made available by next month. “The site is moving ahead efficiently, effectively and it seems to be operating at full capacity given the number of users,” he said. Visa-free status will only apply to tourist visits under 90 days. Specialized visas will still be required of students, businesspeople and anyone planning to stay in the United States beyond a 90-day period. These applications will need to be processed prior to departure from the Czech Republic. **************Play online games for FREE at Games.com! All of your favorites, no registration required and great graphics – check it out! (http://pr.atwola.com/promoclk/100000075x1211202682x1200689022/aol?redir= http://www.games.com?ncid=emlcntusgame00000001)

_http://www.wired.com/medtech/genetics/news/2008/06/ca_dna_ (http://www.wired.com/medtech/genetics/news/2008/06/ca_dna) June 19, 2008 Follow-up: State of California Sends Cease-and-Desist Letters to DNA Testing Companies I wrote about this a few days ago but the situation now seems to be worse. State bureaucrats in California seem intent on shutting down any genetic testing service that provides services to the general public, including companies that provide genealogy DNA testing services. The state apparently only wants to allow "state approved" genetic testing services that supply services directly to doctors and medical centers. This strikes me as a major loss for genealogists and, indeed, for all consumers. "We [are] no longer tolerating direct-to-consumer genetic testing in California," Karen Nickles, Chief of Laboratory Field Services at the health department, told members of the Clinical Laboratories Advisory Committee on June 13. A new article in Wired.com's web site provides details. The article also quotes Bennett Greenspan of Family Tree DNA, whose company received a letter from the health department. You can read the article at _http://www.wired.com/medtech/genetics/news/2008/06/ca_dna_ (http://www.wired.com/medtech/genetics/news/2008/06/ca_dna) . **************New MapQuest Local shows what's happening at your destination. Dining, Movies, Events, News & more. Try it out (http://local.mapquest.com/?ncid=emlcntnew00000002)

>From Dick Eastman: August 21, 2008 Indiana Genealogical Society Offers Searchable Databases The Indiana Genealogical Society recently added a new feature to its web site; its own collection of searchable databases. These databases (located at _http://www.indgensoc.org/membersonly/_ (http://www.indgensoc.org/membersonly/) ) are available to IGS members as a benefit of membership. The databases are searchable by first and last name, and include the ability to search by Soundex. The databases cover everything from military records (Civil War, Mexican War and Spanish-American War) to church records and records for various schools (including Indiana University). If you are not an IGS member and want a glimpse of what you are missing, there are also a few databases that have public access. You can then purchase a membership online or through the mail. The Indiana Genealogical Society will be adding more databases over the months and years to come. Come discover if your ancestors were part of the emigration through the area regarded as the crossroads of America. **************New MapQuest Local shows what's happening at your destination. Dining, Movies, Events, News & more. Try it out (http://local.mapquest.com/?ncid=emlcntnew00000002)

Published by Dick Eastman, Sept. 2008. The video is well worth watching if you are interested in DNA Genealogy and the website of the speaker has the free Ebook and articles discussed. Karen _http://blog.eogn.com/eastmans_online_genealogy/2008/09/video-intervi-6.html_ (http://blog.eogn.com/eastmans_online_genealogy/2008/09/video-intervi-6.html) Video Interview of Blaine Bettinger, the Genetic Genealogist Blaine Bettinger is a leading genealogy DNA expert. He is author of The Genetic Genealogist, a bog at _http://www.thegeneticgenealogist.com_ (http://www.thegeneticgenealogist.com) . That site is also subtitled, Adding DNA to the Genealogist’s Toolbox. I recently had a chance to interview Blaine for Roots Television. Blaine described the use of DNA to help one's genealogy research. He talked about what DNA can prove and what it cannot prove. He recently interviewed a number of leaders in genealogy DNA. Blaine also described his eBook, "I Have The Results of My Genetic Genealogy Test, Now What?" The eBook is available free of charge at his web site. Finally, Blaine gave a peek into the future of DNA. Roots Television recorded a video of our conversation that you can view right now on your computer. To do so, go to: _http://rootstelevision.com/players/player_conferences.php?bctid=1811559654._ (http://rootstelevision.com/players/player_conferences.php?bctid=1811559654) **************New MapQuest Local shows what's happening at your destination. Dining, Movies, Events, News & more. Try it out (http://local.mapquest.com/?ncid=emlcntnew00000002)

Perfect, I am in Dresden for a conference (right on the river) and we were just talking about this subject. Many thanks for the links. Vince Pavlicek Saint Charles, IL ----- Original Message ----- From: "Laurence Krupnak" <[email protected]> To: [email protected] Sent: Friday, October 17, 2008 6:08:04 PM GMT -06:00 US/Canada Central Subject: Re: [GERMAN-BOHEMIAN] Any info on Czech records being filmed Laurence Krupnak wrote: > > Discussions of the Allied Bombing of Dresden: > > http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombing_of_Dresden_in_World_War_II > > http://www.holocaustdenialontrial.com/trial/defense/evans/5.2 > > http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/bombing_of_dresden.htm http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/2WWdresden.htm http://www.winstonchurchill.org/i4a/pages/index.cfm?pageid=106 > ______ > > Lavrentiy > > Aida Kraus wrote: > > > > Carroll: > > If you visit the Museum at Görlitz, I hope that you realize that this is > > Germany, not the Czech Republic. Görlitz was in Eastern Germany and as you > > know, they were over 50 years under Communism where nothing was rejuvenated > > during that time. They rebuilt immediately after the wall came down and > > they have done remarkable work. Since you will find yourself at Görlitz, > > you could easily visit Dresden. Dresden was the Florence of Germany with > > the most precious arts, paintings, sculptures and architecture. No military > > bases, no heavy industry, it was the King of the Saxon's playground. > > Culture, opera, theater, museums, parks, riverboats.... that was the meaning > > of Dresden. It was bombed for three days in a row by the Allied at the end > > of WW2 and 50,000 people found their death in just one night. They never > > could establish a true count of people because too many had fled from the > > Russian front and sheltered in the city. The actual count might be well > > double. The firestorm caused by the block buster bombs from the planes have > > left piles of burned bodies and nothing but the outside stone walls of the > > houses remained. After so many years gone by since then, Dresden has been > > rebuilt. They were using photographs of the original buildings and > > replicated the old architecture to the very original detail in sculpture and > > painting. Here in the true sense of the word "Phoenix rose from the ashes" > > and it is a most touching place to visit. It is a memorial equal to that > > of a "concentration camp" ..... only in reverse. It is a sign and warning > > that a politician's signature under a document can create the destruction of > > life, even of mankind. > > > > So if you want to visit Dresden, you will find its old playful looks, which > > is a veritable caress to your eyes. Don't forget to walk down to the Elbe > > River and go on a river side wheeler-boat for a memorable day trip. Enjoy! > > Aida > German-Bohemian Heritage Society web site http://www.rootsweb.com/~gbhs/ > ------------------------------- > To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to [email protected] with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message German-Bohemian Heritage Society web site http://www.rootsweb.com/~gbhs/ ------------------------------- To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to [email protected] with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message

In a message dated 10/17/2008 9:45:45 PM Mountain Daylight Time, [email protected] writes: ....LDS ...in negotiations with the individual regional archives.... He also said that the plans were to index the records... volunteer indexers were needed.... There are some records available on a pilot site now - here is the url http://search.labs.familysearch.org/recordsearch/start.html?datestamp=120753 9963875#p=0 There is now a rumor that the LDS plans to shut down access to the search.labs digital images of records to all but members of the LDS church for an unspecified time. The plan is to again provide open access but there is no rumored date when that might happen. This may be related to the controversial (to some) issue of LDS post mortem baptisms of persons named in their filmed / digital records. There may be some negotiation on that subject at the moment or the LDS may want time to assess what they will do without opening up any records to controversy. Non-members of the church who are volunteering to index the records on film may be a little upset by doing this work and then finding they cannot access the digital records they have indexed for a certain time period. I hope this will not suddenly apply to all records in the library catalog wh ether digital or on microfilm. Remember, this is a rumor. I feel it may be creditable because I heard it from a very well-versed researcher from Eastern PA who often visits the Warsaw archives and has several contacts with the LDS records management. She has also said that the RCatholic church in Poland and some other areas where she does ressearch has halted all filming of church records -- most likely because the bishops disapprove of the potential for and LDS baptism of RC church members. Persons who want RC church records now have to provide a document certifying with the stamp of a church that they are members in good standing. She did not say anything about assurances that they are descendants of anyone in particular which is usually the main issue for privacy. Any list members who have been putting off looking at what is available at the search.labs website for Litomerice and perhaps Wittengau, Troppau and Opava, or anything else that has been added might collect what they want soon just in case the rumored limited access turns into reality in the near future. As for the Polish records from Galicia that were filmed after being ' liberated' by the Third Reich during WW II, I understand that the originals were returned to Poland with the understanding they would be available for persons wanting to do research of any kind. They had been held by the RC Archive in Regensburg. Before the books were returned they were microfilmed but some of the archivists have reported that a lot of the images were of very poor quality. I don't know if the LDS made any copies of those films or made their own films of those records back when it was still permitted. I DO know that there are some RC records from Poland in the LDS library catalog -- at least there WERE some as late as 2005. All of the protestant records removed from Poland during WW II are still available on film at the LDS. Protestant churchbooks are considered to be public records but the RC churchbooks are the "property of the Church". Karen **************New MapQuest Local shows what's happening at your destination. Dining, Movies, Events, News & more. Try it out (http://local.mapquest.com/?ncid=emlcntnew00000002)

In a message dated 10/19/2008 12:04:11 A.M. Pacific Daylight Time, Judy writes: website for Random acts of kindness ******************************* Judy, I have been using it this last week and have not had any problems getting to it. This is where I went: _http://www.raogk.org/listing.htm_ (http://www.raogk.org/listing.htm) Anettka **************New MapQuest Local shows what's happening at your destination. Dining, Movies, Events, News & more. Try it out (http://local.mapquest.com/?ncid=emlcntnew00000002)

That I do not know. I do not want to upload my family tree either. Kris Schell -----Original Message----- From: [email protected] [mailto:[email protected]] On Behalf Of [email protected] Sent: Saturday, October 18, 2008 8:19 PM To: [email protected] Subject: Re: [GERMAN-BOHEMIAN] Random Acts of Kindness In a message dated 10/18/2008 9:01:12 P.M. Eastern Daylight Time, [email protected] writes: Judy, Raogk partnered with FamilyLink.com which has now become FamilyHistoryLink.com Kris Schell I went to FamilyHistoryLink.com. I don't want to upload my family tree. How do I get to Raogk? I got sent to One Great Family. Do I have to join FHL to get to Raogk? Cathy **************New MapQuest Local shows what's happening at your destination. Dining, Movies, Events, News & more. Try it out (http://local.mapquest.com/?ncid=emlcntnew00000002) German-Bohemian Heritage Society web site http://www.rootsweb.com/~gbhs/ ------------------------------- To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to [email protected] with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message

In a message dated 10/18/2008 9:01:12 P.M. Eastern Daylight Time, [email protected] writes: Judy, Raogk partnered with FamilyLink.com which has now become FamilyHistoryLink.com Kris Schell I went to FamilyHistoryLink.com. I don't want to upload my family tree. How do I get to Raogk? I got sent to One Great Family. Do I have to join FHL to get to Raogk? Cathy **************New MapQuest Local shows what's happening at your destination. Dining, Movies, Events, News & more. Try it out (http://local.mapquest.com/?ncid=emlcntnew00000002)

Judy, Raogk partnered with FamilyLink.com which has now become FamilyHistoryLink.com Kris Schell -----Original Message----- From: [email protected] [mailto:[email protected]] On Behalf Of Judith Schweitzer Sent: Saturday, October 18, 2008 7:35 PM To: [email protected] Subject: [GERMAN-BOHEMIAN] Random Acts of Kindness Has anyone out there tried to get to the website for Random acts of kindness. I have tried for several days with the message this site not available www.raogk.com Thanks judy _________________________________________________________________ Stay organized with simple drag and drop from Windows Live Hotmail. http://windowslive.com/Explore/hotmail?ocid=TXT_TAGLM_WL_hotmail_102008 German-Bohemian Heritage Society web site http://www.rootsweb.com/~gbhs/ ------------------------------- To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to [email protected] with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message

Sorry, but the correct web address is raogk.org _________________________________________________________________ Want to read Hotmail messages in Outlook? The Wordsmiths show you how. http://windowslive.com/connect/post/wedowindowslive.spaces.live.com-Blog-cns!20EE04FBC541789!167.entry?ocid=TXT_TAGLM_WL_hotmail_092008

Has anyone out there tried to get to the website for Random acts of kindness. I have tried for several days with the message this site not available www.raogk.com Thanks judy _________________________________________________________________ Stay organized with simple drag and drop from Windows Live Hotmail. http://windowslive.com/Explore/hotmail?ocid=TXT_TAGLM_WL_hotmail_102008

In a message dated 10/18/2008 12:03:45 A.M. Pacific Daylight Time, Carol writes: Scroll down to see two Czech collections - the church books from Litomerice and recently added, the church books from Opava. **************************************** Carol, The Litomerice records have been on line for several month, while Opava has relatively recently been added... but there is another archive with records online....Trebon has records imaged with the help of the LDS on line at the Trebon State Archive website ... Their records came on line about the same time as Litomerice. All collections on line are works in progress. I talked to Shon in Salt Lake City after the conference and he indicated they expect to have Plzen filming started and first records online about the end of the year..... and, of course, they welcome anyone who is willing to help index... you can do a town or a parish, a book or multiple books... anything will help. These records and index will all available at Familysearch for NO fee...ever! Anettka **************New MapQuest Local shows what's happening at your destination. Dining, Movies, Events, News & more. Try it out (http://local.mapquest.com/?ncid=emlcntnew00000002)

Dear All, I've lost track of whether or not the recent thread with something in the title about Czech records being filmed was actually about the Czech records being filmed or about something else, but decided to investigate the Czech records being filmed, and report back. Here is what I found. In May 2008, I attended the CGSI (Czechoslovak Genealogical Society International) conference, held in Seattle. Shon Edwards, who is a collections management specialist at the LDS Family History Library, was one of the speakers. At that time, he stated that the LDS were in negotiations with the individual regional archives, and that some digitizing of records in Litomerice had begun. He also said that the plans were to index the records before publishing them widely, and that volunteer indexers were needed and would be needed in the future. There are some records available on a pilot site now - here is the url http://search.labs.familysearch.org/recordsearch/start.html?datestamp=120753 9963875#p=0 You will see a world map, just click on Europe, and you will see a list of the collections available. Scroll down to see two Czech collections - the church books from Litomerice and recently added, the church books from Opava. Not all parishes are available from these two archives, but more are being added. For example, the Opava church books contain only three parishes from Olomouc at the moment. Also, the images are not yet indexed, so you just get the images and can browse through them. The viewer lets you zoom in and out, and navigate the pages. While it is not the complete, easily searchable record collection that it will become, it could be a wonderful resource if you have ancestors from the currently available parishes. A lot less expensive than a trip across the pond. On the first page of the url above, there is a link to volunteer to be an indexer. According to a notice on the indexing page, the indexed images and data will be available free of on FamilySearch, through LDS FHC's, and indexers who index 900 names in 90 days will have free access for 90 days. No details on how that works, but not a bad price for the access if there is no FHC nearby. Happy exploring! Carol

Perhaps I could help a little: A "Gerichtsoberoffizial" was the highest rank of a clerk at the court Ranks downwards: Gerichtsoffizial (Gerichtsoberinpektor) (Gerichtsinspektor) Will be interested in the English equivalent Walter -----Ursprüngliche Nachricht----- Von: [email protected] [mailto:[email protected]] Im Auftrag von Aida Kraus Gesendet: Freitag, 17. Oktober 2008 17:26 An: [email protected] Betreff: Re: [GERMAN-BOHEMIAN] Gerichtsoberoffizial Literally translated it means: Gerichts: of the Court Ober: High or upper Offizial: Official (of the legal system) Upper official of the Court. This position is not a supreme judge, because Judge would be "Richter" ..... I cannot find it in the Oxford Duden German dictionary, but there might be a special legal terminology dictionary somewhere. For this I would inquire at a library, Laury, they may have better sources. Or, perhaps there might be a German lawyer here on our list who could give us a more specific equivalent English. Aida ---------------------------------------------- On Fri, Oct 17, 2008 at 7:04 AM, Laurence Krupnak <[email protected]>wrote: > Laurence Krupnak wrote: > > > > What is a succinct translation of Gerichtsoberoffizial? > > > > On the Yahoo Groups Bukowina list service an explanation of > > Gerichtsoberoffizial was presented but a "simple" translation is > > needed. The term Gerichtsoberoffizial appears here: > > > > http://czernowitz.ehpes.com/ > > > > It's a term in the 1909 Czernowitz directory. > > > > > > > > > > _______ > > > > Lavrentiy Krupniak > > German-Bohemian Heritage Society web site http://www.rootsweb.com/~gbhs/ > > ------------------------------- > > To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to > [email protected] with the word 'unsubscribe' without > the quotes in the subject and the body of the message > German-Bohemian Heritage Society web site http://www.rootsweb.com/~gbhs/ > ------------------------------- > To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to > [email protected] with the word 'unsubscribe' without > the quotes in the subject and the body of the message > German-Bohemian Heritage Society web site http://www.rootsweb.com/~gbhs/ ------------------------------- To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to [email protected] with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message

Laurence Krupnak wrote: > > Discussions of the Allied Bombing of Dresden: > > http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombing_of_Dresden_in_World_War_II > > http://www.holocaustdenialontrial.com/trial/defense/evans/5.2 > > http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/bombing_of_dresden.htm http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/2WWdresden.htm http://www.winstonchurchill.org/i4a/pages/index.cfm?pageid=106 > > ______ > > Lavrentiy > > Aida Kraus wrote: > > > > Carroll: > > If you visit the Museum at Görlitz, I hope that you realize that this is > > Germany, not the Czech Republic. Görlitz was in Eastern Germany and as you > > know, they were over 50 years under Communism where nothing was rejuvenated > > during that time. They rebuilt immediately after the wall came down and > > they have done remarkable work. Since you will find yourself at Görlitz, > > you could easily visit Dresden. Dresden was the Florence of Germany with > > the most precious arts, paintings, sculptures and architecture. No military > > bases, no heavy industry, it was the King of the Saxon's playground. > > Culture, opera, theater, museums, parks, riverboats.... that was the meaning > > of Dresden. It was bombed for three days in a row by the Allied at the end > > of WW2 and 50,000 people found their death in just one night. They never > > could establish a true count of people because too many had fled from the > > Russian front and sheltered in the city. The actual count might be well > > double. The firestorm caused by the block buster bombs from the planes have > > left piles of burned bodies and nothing but the outside stone walls of the > > houses remained. After so many years gone by since then, Dresden has been > > rebuilt. They were using photographs of the original buildings and > > replicated the old architecture to the very original detail in sculpture and > > painting. Here in the true sense of the word "Phoenix rose from the ashes" > > and it is a most touching place to visit. It is a memorial equal to that > > of a "concentration camp" ..... only in reverse. It is a sign and warning > > that a politician's signature under a document can create the destruction of > > life, even of mankind. > > > > So if you want to visit Dresden, you will find its old playful looks, which > > is a veritable caress to your eyes. Don't forget to walk down to the Elbe > > River and go on a river side wheeler-boat for a memorable day trip. Enjoy! > > Aida > German-Bohemian Heritage Society web site http://www.rootsweb.com/~gbhs/ > ------------------------------- > To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to [email protected] with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message

Discussions of the Allied Bombing of Dresden: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombing_of_Dresden_in_World_War_II http://www.holocaustdenialontrial.com/trial/defense/evans/5.2 http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/bombing_of_dresden.htm ______ Lavrentiy Aida Kraus wrote: > > Carroll: > If you visit the Museum at Görlitz, I hope that you realize that this is > Germany, not the Czech Republic. Görlitz was in Eastern Germany and as you > know, they were over 50 years under Communism where nothing was rejuvenated > during that time. They rebuilt immediately after the wall came down and > they have done remarkable work. Since you will find yourself at Görlitz, > you could easily visit Dresden. Dresden was the Florence of Germany with > the most precious arts, paintings, sculptures and architecture. No military > bases, no heavy industry, it was the King of the Saxon's playground. > Culture, opera, theater, museums, parks, riverboats.... that was the meaning > of Dresden. It was bombed for three days in a row by the Allied at the end > of WW2 and 50,000 people found their death in just one night. They never > could establish a true count of people because too many had fled from the > Russian front and sheltered in the city. The actual count might be well > double. The firestorm caused by the block buster bombs from the planes have > left piles of burned bodies and nothing but the outside stone walls of the > houses remained. After so many years gone by since then, Dresden has been > rebuilt. They were using photographs of the original buildings and > replicated the old architecture to the very original detail in sculpture and > painting. Here in the true sense of the word "Phoenix rose from the ashes" > and it is a most touching place to visit. It is a memorial equal to that > of a "concentration camp" ..... only in reverse. It is a sign and warning > that a politician's signature under a document can create the destruction of > life, even of mankind. > > So if you want to visit Dresden, you will find its old playful looks, which > is a veritable caress to your eyes. Don't forget to walk down to the Elbe > River and go on a river side wheeler-boat for a memorable day trip. Enjoy! > Aida

Maybe an administrator, one who schedules the court activities and trials. We have them here in the USA. Frank Slocum ----- Original Message ----- From: "Aida Kraus" <[email protected]> To: <[email protected]> Sent: Friday, October 17, 2008 11:26 AM Subject: Re: [GERMAN-BOHEMIAN] Gerichtsoberoffizial > Literally translated it means: > Gerichts: of the Court > Ober: High or upper > Offizial: Official (of the legal system) > Upper official of the Court. > This position is not a supreme judge, because Judge would be > "Richter" ..... I cannot find it in the Oxford Duden German dictionary, > but > there might be a special legal terminology dictionary somewhere. For this > I > would inquire at a library, Laury, they may have better sources. Or, > perhaps there might be a German lawyer here on our list who could give us > a more specific equivalent English. > Aida > > ---------------------------------------------- > > > On Fri, Oct 17, 2008 at 7:04 AM, Laurence Krupnak > <[email protected]>wrote: > >> Laurence Krupnak wrote: >> > >> > What is a succinct translation of Gerichtsoberoffizial? >> > >> > On the Yahoo Groups Bukowina list service an explanation of >> > Gerichtsoberoffizial was presented but a "simple" translation is >> > needed. The term Gerichtsoberoffizial appears here: >> > >> > http://czernowitz.ehpes.com/ >> >> >> >> It's a term in the 1909 Czernowitz directory. >> >> >> >> >> >> >> > >> > _______ >> > >> > Lavrentiy Krupniak >> > German-Bohemian Heritage Society web site >> > http://www.rootsweb.com/~gbhs/ >> > ------------------------------- >> > To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to >> [email protected] with the word 'unsubscribe' without >> the quotes in the subject and the body of the message >> German-Bohemian Heritage Society web site http://www.rootsweb.com/~gbhs/ >> ------------------------------- >> To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to >> [email protected] with the word 'unsubscribe' without >> the quotes in the subject and the body of the message >> > German-Bohemian Heritage Society web site http://www.rootsweb.com/~gbhs/ > ------------------------------- > To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to > [email protected] with the word 'unsubscribe' without > the quotes in the subject and the body of the message >