Thanks Mike Grau, My definitions are for the 19th century only, for the history of Samara and Saratov, since this is pertinent to our list. I've avoided the definition for southern Russia/Ukraine/Cossack territory. I checked with the Russian encyclopaedia for an updated definition, but I found it less useless and too general. Russian Wikipedia says (but less precisely than 19th c. History books, see below): Quote from Wikipedia: Khutor - a) settlement point of smallest dimension, b) a separate (alone-standing) peasant-owned farm with farming activity. (19th c. def.: must be worked by paid labour - vb). c) usually has no more than 10 buildings/outhouses d) Often belongs to only one family. (i.e. a family farm) e) Sometimes applied to a cluster of alone-standing homes (probably hamlet in English - vb), which belong administratively to a larger settlement point. I exclude the definitions for Cossack territory and Ukr., Since this is the Volga List. Stantziya - Cossack village Derevnya - Russian village without church Selo - Russian village with church/ Etcetcetc... I have been given this explaination of Khutor: Vera Beljakova wrote: > > Variously I have attempted to define Khutor/Hutor, > depending on which > dictionary I was using, but now I found a very > technically, historically > precise definition in a 19th publication: > > KHUTOR (Hutor): 3 definitions for the Volga area > > - any Ukrainian / Maloruss / Little Russian settlements > which do not > have a church; > or > - a small hamlet, usually composed of a single homestead, > populated by > settlers from another district or gubernia (i.e. > non-locals); > or > - farming homestead (the main farmhouse) standing in the > middle of > privately-owned farm(land) which employs farm-workers/ > labourers. > > Vera Beljakova-Miller > - > > > > > > > > ------------------------------- > To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to GER-VOLGA-request@rootsweb.com with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message ------------------------------- To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to GER-VOLGA-request@rootsweb.com with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message I have been given this explaination of Khutor: Khutor - "separated farm" <quote>It is not easy to explain in spite of my having Master's degree in history :). As far as I know, before the October revolution of 1917 those "khutors" were privately owned farms, and they usually belonged to relatively wealthy farmers. Those who were not rich lived in villages (so-called "derevnya" - in Russia, "selo" or "stanitsa" in the Ukraine), with many individually-owned houses. Gradually some of the "khutors" grew bigger, sometimes there were many families living here, but they still retained their name, "khutor", because they were kind of separated from the other farms and privately owned. After the revolution, however, property of the rich was expropriated and collective farms were organized where there used to be private farms. Still, many retained the name "khutor". As I wrote, the word is typical for southern regions of Russia, and especially for the Ukraine.</quote> -- Mike Vera Beljakova wrote: > > Variously I have attempted to define Khutor/Hutor, > depending on which > dictionary I was using, but now I found a very > technically, historically > precise definition in a 19th publication: > > KHUTOR (Hutor): 3 definitions for the Volga area > > - any Ukrainian / Maloruss / Little Russian settlements > which do not > have a church; > or > - a small hamlet, usually composed of a single homestead, > populated by > settlers from another district or gubernia (i.e. > non-locals); > or > - farming homestead (the main farmhouse) standing in the > middle of > privately-owned farm(land) which employs farm-workers/ > labourers. > > Vera Beljakova-Miller > - > > > > > > > > ------------------------------- > To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to GER-VOLGA-request@rootsweb.com with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message ------------------------------- To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to GER-VOLGA-request@rootsweb.com with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message